Unit 2 Robots(一)課前自主學習.閱讀單詞知其意 1fiction n 小說；虛構或想象出來的事縱聯(lián)1 超重的；體重超常的縱聯(lián)2 優(yōu)雅的；高雅的；講究的4scan vt. 細看；仔細檢查；粗略地看；瀏覽；掃描5absurd adj. 荒謬的；可笑的6awful adj. 極壞的；極討厭的；可怕的；(口語)糟透的7affair n. 事務；事情；曖昧關系8cuisine n. 菜肴；烹飪(風味)9grand adj. 大的；豪華的；雄偉的10biography n. (由他人撰寫的)傳記；傳記文學11navy n. 海軍；海軍部隊12chapter n. (書中的)章；篇；回13thinking n. 思想；思考.重點單詞寫其形1desire n. 渴望；欲望；渴求vt. 希望得到；想要縱聯(lián)3 獎金；額外津貼；紅利；額外收獲3sympathy n. 同情(心)4pile_ n. 堆；摞；疊vi. 堆起；堆積vt. 把堆起；積聚5envy vt. 忌妒；羨慕6affection n. 喜愛；愛；感情7bound_ adj. 一定的；密切相關的8parttime adj. 兼職的9junior_ adj. 較年幼的；資歷較淺的；地位較低的n. 年少者；晚輩；等級較低者10staff n. 全體員工；手杖11divorce n.vt.縱聯(lián)4 .拓展單詞通其變1satisfaction n滿意；滿足；令人滿意的事物satisfy vt.使?jié)M足；使?jié)M意satisfying adj.令人滿意的satisfied adj.滿意的2alarm vt.使警覺；使驚恐；驚動n.警報；驚恐alarmed_ adj.擔心的；害怕的alarming adj.使人害怕的；擾亂人心的3favour n喜愛；恩惠vt.喜愛；偏袒favourable_ adj.贊成的；有利的favourite adj.最喜愛的4acpany vt.陪伴；伴奏pany n陪伴；伴隨panion_ n伙伴；伴侶；同伴5declare vt.宣布；聲明；表明；宣稱declaration n宣言；公布6talent n天才；特殊能力；才干talented adj.有才能的縱聯(lián)57obey vt.& vi.服從；順從disobey vt.& vi.不服從；違抗8assessment n評價；評定；評估assess vt.評價；評定；估價；估定縱聯(lián)1.凡事不可過度(over)overweight adj.超重的 overload vt.超載overwork vt.& vi.工作過度 overeat vi.吃得過飽overvalue vt.高估 overuse vt.過度使用overconfident adj.過度自信的 overdraw vt. 透支縱聯(lián)2.令人佩服的優(yōu)良“品質”elegant高雅的 mature成熟的sensible明智的 selfless無私的modest謙虛的 noble高貴的generous慷慨大方的 determined堅定的縱聯(lián)3.“獎金利潤”咱都要！bonus紅利；獎金 profit利潤interest利息 award獎；獎金prize獎；獎項縱聯(lián)4.“婚姻”詞匯知多少divorce n離婚 marry v結婚marriage n婚姻 wedding n婚禮bridegroom n新郎 bride n新娘縱聯(lián)5.“天才”這邊看過來talent n天才；才干 talented adj.有才能的gift n天才；才能 gifted adj.有天賦的genius n天才；天賦單元話題機器人科技子話題1機器人相關技術chip n芯片 artificial adj.人工的intelligence n. 智能 programme n程序function n功能 develop v研發(fā)；開發(fā)application n應用程序 automatic adj.自動的control v控制 model n模型子話題2機器人開發(fā)和研究analyze v分析 observe v觀測；觀察explore v探索 solve v解決simplify v簡化 equip v裝備；配備create v創(chuàng)造 invent v發(fā)明inspire v鼓舞；啟示 research n&v.研究學考對接活學活用高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞匯應用1(2018浙江高考語法填空)Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook.Making Chinese dishes is seen as especially troublesome .While regularly eating out seems to have bee mon for many young people in recent years, its not without a cost.The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be affordable but doing this most days adds up.There could be an even higher cost on your health.Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in weight problems.句中desire的詞性為：名詞，意為：欲望；其他表示“渴望”的名詞還有hunger, eager, thirst寫出加彩單詞在本單元的近義詞：cuisine寫出weight在本單元的派生詞：overweight，意為“超重的”2(2011天津高考閱讀D)Blessed is the person willing to act on their sudden desire (create) something unique.Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affectedyou most deeply.They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation.The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them.Creative people have an endless resource of ideas.The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with all the material knocking at the door of imagination.Study your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not serve you.Then you can say, “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors tragedies and declare victory, and know that they are cheering me on.”用create的適當形式填空：to_create寫出affect在本單元的同根名詞：affection寫出加彩單詞在本單元的近義詞：_talent 高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞匯應用(根據(jù)漢語及提示詞翻譯句子)1(2018天津高考書面表達)得知你在設計機器人方面頗有天賦，我很想邀請你前來參加。(talent, desire)Learning_you_have_shown_great_talent_in_designing_robots，here I desire toinviteyoutojoin.2(2017全國卷書面表達)如果你想要我陪伴，請打電話給我。我隨時有空。(acpany)If_you_want_me_to_acpany_you,_please_ring_me_up.I_will_be_available_at_any_time.(二)課堂重點釋疑1desire n渴望；欲望；渴求 vt.希望得到；想要記牢(1)have a strong desire(2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事desire sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事desire that .(should) do sth. 希望做某事練通單句語法填空These activities seemed to satisfy my desire_to_be (be) useful and to feel a meaningful connection to the lives of others.We all share a mon desire for_pleasure, connection and something that is greater than us.The teacher desired that all the exercises (should)_be_handed (hand) in before school was over.用準desire作及物動詞，不用于進行時態(tài)。desire意為“希望”后接賓語從句時，從句中的謂語動詞用“(should)動詞原形”。此外，desire作名詞時其后所接主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句也要使用虛擬語氣。寫美補全句子(2018北京高考書面表達)既然你渴望學習中國文化，我認為北京語言大學是你的理想去處。Since_you_have_a_strong_desire_to_learn_Chinese_culture,_I think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for you.2alarm vt.使警覺；使驚恐；驚動 n警報；驚恐；鬧鐘記牢(1)in alarm驚恐地(2)alarmed adj. 擔心的；害怕的be alarmed at/by 對驚恐/擔心be/get alarmed about 對大驚小怪練通單句語法填空On hearing the scream, he jumped up in alarm.Nothing to be alarmed about,_its probably just a false alarm.The firemen were alarmed at/by the big fire they had never seen before.寫美句式升級I was on my way to the bookstore when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, and it frightened me a lot.(alarmed, which引導定語從句)I was on my way to the bookstore when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, which_made_me_alarmed_a_lot/which_alarmed_me_a_lot.3favour n喜愛；恩惠；幫忙；偏愛 vt.喜愛；偏袒記牢(1)ask sb.a favour請某人幫忙do sb.a favourdo a favour for sb.幫某人忙(2)in favour of 同意；支持；贊成in ones favour 有利于某人；對有利(3)favourable adj. 贊成的；有利的練通 單句語法填空Then we voted for the monitor.The result was 28 to 15 in Wang Hongs favour.Do me_a_favour and turn the radio down while I am on the phone, will you?When circumstances are favourable (favour), we must not forget that there will still be difficulties.寫美句式改寫(2016全國卷書面表達)I am writing to tell you something about my plan for the ing summer vacation and I also want you to help me.(用含有favour的短語改寫)I am writing to tell you something about my plan for the ing summer vacation and I wonder_if_you_could_do_a_favour_for_me/do_me_a_favour.4acpany vt.陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有記牢(1)acpany sb.to someplace陪伴/陪同某人到某地(2)acpany sb.at/on sth. 用某物為某人伴奏acpanied by/with . 伴隨發(fā)生(3)pany nU 陪伴；伴隨panion nC 伙伴；伴侶；同伴keep sb.pany 陪某人in the pany of sb. 在某人的陪伴/陪同下練通單句語法填空I dont think its necessary for parents to acpany their children to college.While she was singing on the stage, her mother was acpanying her at/on the piano.(2018全國卷)Teresa posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website acpanied_ (acpany) by the touching words.句型轉換When children are acpanied by their parents, they are allowed to enter the stadium.Children, acpanied_by_their_parents,_are allowed to enter the stadium.寫美 補全句子沒有人在節(jié)日時陪伴她，這位老太太感到孤獨。With_nobody_acpanying_her_during_the_festival,_the old lady felt lonely.5declare vt.宣布；聲明；表明；宣稱記牢declare for/against聲明贊成/反對declare war on/against 向宣戰(zhàn)declare .to be/as . 宣布為/是declare that . 宣告；宣稱練通單句語法填空They declared against building a new bridge because it would cost a lot of money.The opening of the petition was_declared (declare) yesterday.Some scientists declare that_most of our tiredness es from our mental and emotional attitudes.寫美翻譯句子在2011年，理查德聲稱他計劃在他40歲生日之前找到40個同年同月同日生(time twins)的人。In_2011,_Richard_declared_that_he_planed_to_find_40_time_twins_before_his_40th_birthday.詞匯過關綜合訓練 .單詞拼寫1It was a reasonable assessment (評估) and probably pretty close to the truth.2If it werent for Jeffs quick thinking (思考), Tillie could have been badly hurt.3South Africa students like eating fast food so they are overweight (超重的)4Almas musical talent (才能) first came to light before she could even talk.5Davids parents divorced (離婚) when he was six, which had a bad influence on his childhood.6(2018全國卷)There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm (鬧鐘) clock an hour early and push yourself to work out!7Nearly all the students got full marks in the test and our maths teacher smiled with satisfaction (滿意)8As you know, the Spring Festival in China is a(n) grand (盛大的) festival, which we Chinese celebrate cheerfully.單句語法填空1It is a great satisfaction to know the hero finally awoke.2The president was so young that he was junior to some of his employees.3If you had_obeyed (obey) the order, the disaster could not have happened.4Only one third of the people present at the meeting voted in favour of the new law.5In the background of protecting the national culture heritage, local government begins to declare them as nonmaterial cultural heritage.6Everyone has a desire for success while success only belongs to the hardworking people.7My daughter showed a lot of sympathy for the people who were begging from the passing shoppers.8After living in Hangzhou for five years, she has developed quite an affection (affect) for the city.9At present, the rapid spread of the disease is_alarming (alarm) the medical authorities.They are anxious like a cat on hot bricks.10On seeing that the famous actress came onto the stage with her boyfriend acpanying (acpany) her, all the fans burst out screaming.根據(jù)提示補全句子1他們大部分人支持我的觀點，然而戴維卻反對。(favour)The majority of them were_in_favour_of_my opinion while David was against it.2多數(shù)從貧困家庭出來的學生都有多學知識的強烈欲望。(desire)Most students from poor families have_a_strong_desire_to_get_more_knowledge.3出于對無家可歸孩子的同情，晚上他給他們提供了安身之所。(sympathy)Out_of_sympathy_for_the_homeless_children,_he gave them shelter for the night.4媽媽要我陪她去超市。(acpany)Mom asked me_to_acpany_her_to_the_supermarket.5上周他們聲稱反對在村子里建一座新的化工廠。(declare)Last week, they declared_against building a new chemical plant in the village.語境辨義根據(jù)語境選出divorce的詞性和詞義(A)n.離婚(B)n.分離(C)vt.與離婚 (D)vt.使脫離；使分離1Some of his ideas are pletely divorced from reality._D_2As far as I know, there is a growing divorce between workers and management._B_3Their marriage ended in divorce._A_4She divorced him after years of unhappiness._C_(一)課前自主學習1._test_out考驗出；檢驗完；試驗串記1 給打電話3._turn_around 轉身；翻轉4leave_.alone 不管；別惹；讓一個人待著； 和單獨在一起5set_aside_ 將放在一邊；為節(jié)省 或保留 (錢或時間)串記2 一共；總計7be_bound_to 一定做8reach_for 伸手去夠9in_favour_of 支持；贊成10or_rather 更確切地說同根短語串記串記1.這個電話怎么打？ring up 給打電話call/telephone sb. 給某人打電話give sb.a call/ring 給某人打個電話make a phone call 打個電話call back 回電話hang up 掛斷電話hold on 別掛電話串記2.“總共；總計”知多少？in all 一共；合計；總計in total 總共；合計；總計all together 總共；一起altogether adv. 總共；完全地1facial expression 面部表情2improve ones social position 提高某人的社會地位3the amused and surprised look 有趣而又驚訝的神情4weep with anger 氣得直哭5be pletely transformed 煥然一新6disappear from sight 消失得無影無蹤7no risk to . 對不造成危害8in the present and the past 現(xiàn)在和過去9gain a masters degree in chemistry 獲得化學碩士學位10throughout his life 在他的一生中1His name was Tony and he seemed more like a human than a machine.機器人名叫托尼，看上去更像一個人，而不像一臺機器。2It_was disturbing and frightening that he looked so human.機器人如此通人性，這使她覺得心煩和害怕。3As she turned around, there_stood_Gladys Claffern.她剛一轉過身來，就看到格拉迪絲克拉芬站在那兒。4What_a_sweet_victory to be envied by those women!受到那些女士的妒忌，這該是多么甜美的勝利！5Asimov began having_stories_published in science fiction magazines in 1939.在1939年阿西莫夫開始在科幻雜志上發(fā)表小說。學考對接活學活用高考采擷(一)閱讀中的短語(補全句子)1(2018全國卷閱讀C)Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, pared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set_aside_time_ (抽出時間) for them to read.2(2016全國卷完形填空)I turned_around_ (轉身) and saw a pleasant woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip.高考采擷(二) 寫作中的短語和句式(句式升級/翻譯句子)1(2018全國卷書面表達)If you follow my suggestions, I believe you must have a great time.If you follow my suggestions, I believe you will_be_bound_to have a great time.2(2018江蘇高考書面表達)毫無疑問，在消費中完全依賴排名也是不明智的。(it作形式主語)There_is_no_doubt_that_it_is_unwise_to_depend_pletely_on_the_ratings_in_consumption.3(2018全國卷書面表達)這是關于這部英文短片的一些相關細節(jié)。 (全部倒裝句)Here_are_some_relevant_details_about_the_English_short_film.(二)課堂重點釋疑短語集釋1leave .alone不管；別惹；讓一個人待著；和單獨在一起記牢leave aside擱置一邊leave behind 遺留；把拋在后面leave for . 動身前往leave out 省略；遺漏；忽略leave off 終止；中斷練通選用上述短語填空Shes asked to be left_alone_but the press photographers follow her everywhere.The United Nations estimates that more than 900 million people move away for work, often leaving their children behind.Im leaving_for Vienna to visit my children, who have been away from me for three months.Leave the difficult questions aside and try to answer the easier ones.寫美翻譯句子(2018全國卷書面表達)不要擔心，我們中國人都很友好，你不會感到被冷落的。Dont_worry!_We_Chinese_are_friendly_and_you_wont_feel_left_out.2set aside將放在一邊；為節(jié)省或保留(錢或時間)；暫時不考慮記牢set off動身；出發(fā)；引爆；引發(fā)set up 建立；引起set down 寫下；放下set out (to do sth.) 出發(fā)；開始(做某事)set about (doing sth.) 著手(做某事)練通選用上述短語填空He will set_down all his important thoughts in his diary when they are fresh in his mind.They set_up a working party to look into the issue.Armed with the information you have gathered, you can set_about preparing your business plan.寫美翻譯句子(2017全國卷書面表達)我真誠地希望你能抽出一些時間來看這場藝術盛宴。I_sincerely_hope_you_can_set_aside_some_time_for_the_art_feast.句式集釋地點副詞位于句首時引起的完全倒裝教材原句As she turned around, there_stood Gladys Claffern.悟拓展例句(1)The moment the bell rang, out rushed (rush) the children.(2)The Public Square is an eyecatching sight of the city.There stands (stand) a stone sculpture of a famous historical figure.(3)Present at the conference_were_ (be) experts from all over the world.(4)Buried in the earth_was (be) a jar with lots of ancient coins in it.析用法規(guī)則用法歸納(1)表示時間、地點和動作轉移的副詞，如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away, out等置于句首，且主語是名詞，謂語動詞是不及物動詞時，句子需用完全倒裝。此時，句子多用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時。(2)當表語是分詞、副詞、形容詞、介詞短語，主語比較長且主語是名詞時，為了保持平衡或強調表語，常把表語放在句首，引起句子完全倒裝。句型結構為：分詞/副詞/形容詞/介詞短語be主語。注意事項(1)當主語是人稱代詞時，不用倒裝語序。如：In he came and the lesson began. (2)there be句型中的be可以用表示“存在”的動詞，如live, exist, lie, stand, seem, rise, remain, happen, e, go等替代。句型結構為：there存在類動詞主語。如：There seems to be something wrong with it.背寫作佳句(1)(2018江蘇高考書面表達)However, there seems to be some different opinions on the ratings.(要點句)(2)(2018全國卷書面表達)Here es the table manners youre concerned about.(要點句)詞塊、句式過關綜合訓練.選詞填空set aside， test out， ring up， turn around， be bound to， in favour of， in all， leave . alone 1We rang_up Henry but got no reply.He must have gone out.2He turned_around as he heard a noise behind him but found nothing.3The new discovery_is_bound_to_be of great benefit to human beings.4The new product which will be tested_out next month is a bination of traditional methods and artificial intelligence.5There are 32 doctors and 26 nurses_in_all present at the meeting held last night.6I suggest_setting_aside some money every month for education and insurance.7In our city, almost everyone is in_favour_of bringing down the housing price because it is too high for them to buy one.8Leave the boy alone,_and he can make up his own mind.句型轉換1To master two foreign languages is necessary for the young.Its_necessary_for_the_young_to_master two foreign languages.(it作形式主語)2How good an example he set for us!What_a_good_example he set for us！(what 感嘆句式)3All night long he lay awake and thought of the problem.All night long he lay awake, thinking_of the problem.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)4Our library lies in the center of our school.In the center of our school_lies_our_library.(完全倒裝句)5My mother desires me to go abroad for further education.My mother desires that I_(should)_go abroad for further education.(虛擬語氣).讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進行續(xù)寫，使之構成一個完整的故事。Zigfried,_a little mouse, once lived happily in a farmhouse with his parents. They got a lot of food from the kitchen easily, because the owner of the farmhouse was very rich. For Zigfried and his parents, Christmas was their favorite. On that day, they could get lots of delicious food than ever like chicken, chocolate and cheese. Every time his father would bring a big chicken leg back for Zigfried. To Zigfried, wonderful food was his Christmas miracle.Unfortunately, Zigfrieds father was caught by a cat when he was hanging around. Years later, his mother died because of illness and the owner of the farmhouse moved to the city. Happy days were away from Zigfried from then on. All the things had already been changed, there was no food anymore in the farmhouse and no family,_and all the rooms were empty.New year was ing again, Zigfried blew his breath on the frosty window of the farmhouse and rubbed it to see the outside. Still nobody came. Maybe today, he thought hopefully. It was only a few days before Christmas and he was waiting for a miracle. A miracle liked the old times, which he has been waiting for a long time.This farmhouse had been empty for too long. It needed a family. Zigfrieds stomach made a noise. He realized that he hadnt eaten anything since yesterday. He jumped from the windowsill (窗沿), grabbed a bag from his home, and went next door to Farmer Mikes.Farmer Mikes house had been a great place for the little mouse until the farmer married a wife who had a cat. Zigfried trembled when he thought of it. He looked around cautiously as he stole into the room where grain was stored and was quite nervous as he filled his bag with wheat. He was turning to leave when suddenly he felt a hot breath about his ear. His heart beat wildly, and without thinking he started to run but the cat kept chasing him. Zigfried was very familiar with the house and luckily escaped the cats paws (爪子)注意：1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應為150左右；2至少使用5個短文中標有下劃線的關鍵詞語；3續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；4續(xù)寫完成后，請用下劃線標出你所使用的關鍵詞語。Paragraph 1：The next afternoon Zigfried heard some good news： Paragraph 2：The house came alive the next few days. 寫作步驟第一步：速讀全文文本大意：本篇講述了一只小老鼠在農(nóng)舍里過著富足的生活，不幸的是他的爸爸被貓捉住了，幾年后他的媽媽也去世了，農(nóng)舍的主人也搬走了，他的生活從此改變了。他盼望著圣誕節(jié)出現(xiàn)奇跡，希望有人能搬進農(nóng)舍里住，并講述了他到鄰居家找食物的驚險過程。敘述意圖：通過對動物栩栩如生的描寫，讓我們了解一只小老鼠的故事。第二步：細讀全文1所給短文情景模式分析。whoparents, Zigfried, cat, familywhatZigfried wanted to find some delicious food himself for his Christmas. whena few days before ChristmaswherefarmhousewhyZigfrieds father was caught by a cat, his mother died years later and the owner of the farmhouse moved to the city. This farmhouse had been empty for too long.2對原文所提供的下劃線詞語進行分類。時間：Christmas地點：farmhouse, city人物/動物：parents, Zigf