Unit 3 Life in the future(一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí).閱讀單詞知其意1aspect n. 方面；層面2timetable n. 時間表；時刻表3typist n. 打字員4tablet n. 藥片5steward n縱聯(lián)1 乘務(wù)員；服務(wù)員6stewardess n. 女乘務(wù)員7mask n. 面具；面罩；偽裝8citizen n. 公民；居民；市民9ecology n. 生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué)10postage n. 郵資11receiver n. 接受者；接收器；電話聽筒12dustbin n. 垃圾箱13button n. 紐扣；按鈕14goods n縱聯(lián)2 貨物15belt n. 腰帶；皮帶16motivation n. 動機.重點單詞寫其形 1previous adj. 在前的；早先的2fasten vt. 系牢；扎牢3representative n.adj.縱聯(lián)3 4flash vt.&vi. (使)閃光；(使)閃現(xiàn)5guide n. 指導(dǎo)；向?qū)?；?dǎo)游vt. 指引；指導(dǎo)6lack vi.&vt. 缺乏；沒有n. 缺乏；短缺的東西7switch n. 開關(guān)；轉(zhuǎn)換vt. 轉(zhuǎn)換8optimistic adj. 樂觀(主義)的9material n. 原料；材料10recycle vt. 回收利用；再利用11greedy adj. 貪吃的；貪婪的；貪心的12swallow vt. 吞下；咽下.拓展單詞通其變1tolerate vt.容忍；忍受tolerance n容忍2impression n印象；感想；印記impress vt.(使)留下深刻印象impressive adj.給人深刻印象的3constant adj.時常發(fā)生的；連續(xù)不斷的constantly adv.不斷地4surroundings n周圍的事物；環(huán)境surrounding adj.周圍的surround vt.圍繞5adjustment n調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)adjust vt.調(diào)整；使適應(yīng)6press vi.&vt.按；壓；逼迫 n按；壓；印刷；新聞pressure n壓力；擠壓；壓迫(感)縱聯(lián)47instant n瞬間；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的instantly adv.馬上8settlement n定居；解決settle v定居；解決9exhausted adj.筋疲力盡的；疲憊不堪的exhaust vt.耗盡10uncertain adj.不確切的；無把握的certain adj.確信的；有把握的certainty n確信縱聯(lián)1.男女有別 縱聯(lián)2.單復(fù)數(shù)意義不同的名詞集錦good善行；好處 goods貨物time時間 times時代custom習(xí)慣；風(fēng)俗 customs海關(guān)instruction指導(dǎo) instructions用法說明pain痛苦 pains辛苦；努力sand沙子 sands沙灘work工作 works作品look臉色；看 looks容貌縱聯(lián)3.后綴ive形容詞大觀園representative典型的 impressive給人印象深刻的creative創(chuàng)造性的 constructive建設(shè)性的expensive昂貴的 active積極的descriptive描述的 attractive吸引人的縱聯(lián)4.不一樣的“press”press v按；壓 pressure n壓力express vt.表達(dá) impression n印象impress vt.(使)留下深刻印象expression n表達(dá)單元話題未來生活子話題1生活住所arrangement n安排；布置 flat n公寓roof n屋頂；最高處 ceiling n天花板lift n電梯 garage n車庫balcony n陽臺 basement n地下室storey n樓層 intelligent adj.智能的子話題2家具及陳設(shè) decorate v裝飾；布置 cupboard n碗柜；食櫥drawer n抽屜 shelf n架子vase n花瓶 carpet n地毯automatic adj.自動化的 armchair n扶手椅bench n長凳；工作臺 couch n睡椅；長沙發(fā)furnish vt.布置；為配備家具學(xué)考對接活學(xué)活用高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用1(2016江蘇高考閱讀D)It didnt take long for ShellyAnn to realize that sports could be her way out of Waterhouse. On a summer evening in Beijing in 2008, all those long, hard hours of work and mitment finally bore fruit. The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty, _ (surround) by criminals and violence, had written a new chapter in the history of sports.寫出加彩詞在本單元的同根形容詞：previous，意為“先前的”用surround的適當(dāng)形式填空：surrounded2(2016江蘇高考閱讀D)Stephen Francis observed then eighteenyearold ShellyAnn at a track meet and was convinced that he had seen the beginnings of true greatness. Her times were not exactly impressive， but even so, he sensed there was something trying to get out, something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her _ (lack). impressive在此處意為“給人印象深刻的”，寫出它在本單元的同根名詞：impression用lack的適當(dāng)形式填空：lacking，此時用作形容詞，意為“缺乏的；不足的”高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞匯應(yīng)用(根據(jù)漢語及提示詞翻譯句子)1(20186月浙江高考寫作)我精通英語，并有陪伴外國朋友的經(jīng)驗。我的確相信我能擔(dān)任這項志愿者工作并作為你的向?qū)А?guide)I_have_a_good_mand_of_English,_and_also_have_some_experience_in_acpanying_foreign_friends._I_do_believe_I_am_suited_for_this_voluntary_work_and_can_serve_as_your_guide.2(2016江蘇高考書面表達(dá))此外，網(wǎng)絡(luò)投票使得即時反饋(feedback)成為可能。(instant)Furthermore,_voting_on_the_Internet_makes_instant_feedback_possible.3(2013廣東高考寫作)在一些專家的眼中，火星上的生活條件難以忍受。(tolerate)In_some_experts_opinion,_living_conditions_on_the_Mars_are_very_hard_to_tolerate. (二)課堂重點釋疑1tolerate vt.容忍；忍受記牢(1)tolerate (sb.) doing sth.容忍/忍受(某人)做某事(2)tolerance n. 寬容；容忍；忍受tolerant adj. 寬容的；容忍的練通單句語法填空I cant tolerate working (work) with Kate in the same office. She just refuses to stop talking while she works.Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant (tolerate) smile and let him go.寫美詞匯升級When he went abroad, he found the new surroundings hard to bear.(升級加彩詞匯)When he went abroad, he found the new surroundings hard to tolerate/put_up_with.聯(lián)想“容忍；忍受”的種種表達(dá)tolerate vt. 忍受 bear vt. 忍受stand vt. 忍受 put up with 忍受；容忍2lack vt.&vi.缺乏；沒有n.缺乏；短缺的東西記牢(1)for lack of因缺乏a lack of 缺乏(2)lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的be lacking in 缺少練通單句語法填空For lack of human protection, the number of Yangtze finless porpoise is being smaller and smaller.Though lacking (lack) money, his parents managed to send him to a university.While college graduates plain of a lack of available jobs, factories are facing difficulties in hiring workers.用準(zhǔn)lack作名詞時常與介詞of連用；作動詞時可作及物動詞直接加賓語(不能用于被動語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時)，也可作不及物動詞，后常與介詞for連用；形容詞lacking常與in連用。寫美句式升級Though Jack was lacking in experience, he made up for it in enthusiasm.Though_lacking_in_experience,_Jack made up for it in enthusiasm.(省略句)3press vi.&vt.按；壓；逼迫n.按；壓；印刷；新聞記牢(1)press .against/to . 把壓/擠/貼在press sb.to do sth. 極力勸說/敦促某人做某事(2)pressure n. 壓(力)；壓強；強制put pressure on . 給施壓under pressure 面臨壓力；受到壓力練通單句語法填空Pressed (press) by my friends, I decided to seize the opportunity.Out of curiosity, the little girl pressed her nose against the shop window.(2018江蘇高考)The report said they also faced pressure (press) to respond to messages at all hours of the day especially at secondary school when more youngsters have mobile phones.寫美 翻譯句子無論你面臨多少壓力，都不要半途放棄。No_matter_how_much_pressure_you_are_under,_you_will_never_give_up_halfway.4instant n瞬間；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的記牢(1)in an instantinstantly立刻；馬上for an instant 一瞬間；頃刻一就練通單句語法填空He paused for an instant before continuing.In an instant, he took off his coat and jumped into the water.寫美一句多譯讓我非常驚訝的是，她一讀那封信就哭了起來。Much to my surprise, she burst into tears the_instant/instantly she read the letter.Much to my surprise, on_reading_the_letter,_she burst out crying.(on)詞匯過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練 .單詞拼寫1If a student lacks (缺乏) the motivation to study, he will quickly bee tired of studying.2Their boss is strict and wont tolerate (容忍) any mistakes in their daily work.3As a diligent student, he is greedy (渴望的) for success.4They recycle (循環(huán)利用)their garbage because they care about the environment.5Teachers think highly of Alice, because she is_constantly (不斷地) working hard.6My sister is optimistic (樂觀的) about her chance of winning the English speech contest.7Cities are usually warmer than surrounding (周圍的) rural areas, so its wise to live in cities in winter.8The new school year is right around the corner, but the adjustment (調(diào)整) to returning to school may take a few weeks.9I typed the report by myself, for the only_typist (打字員) took a day off.10Using an iPad, we can listen to music, download lots of learning materials (材料) and read them.單句語法填空1As far as I know, our English teacher as well as other teachers never tolerates cheating (cheat) in the exams.2The greedy boss pressed his workers to_work (work) 16 hours a day.3Guided (guide) by the sun, they walked towards their destination through the woods.4All passengers on board are expected to_fasten (fasten) the seat belts when the plane takes off and lands.5Your art skills are excellent and admirable, which leave me a deep impression (impress)6After the explosion the army blocked the surrounding (surround) area and forbad anyone to enter it.根據(jù)提示補全句子/一句多譯1由于缺乏自信心，琳達(dá)沒參加詩歌比賽。(lack)Linda didnt take part in the poetry petition for_lack_of_confidence.2請你一到云南就給我發(fā)電子郵件。(the instant/instantly)Please send me an email the_instant/instantly_you_reach_Yunnan.3我總是夢想著擁有一座被樹木和鮮花環(huán)繞的房子。(surround)I am always dreaming of having a house surrounded_by/with_trees_and_flowers.4在一位當(dāng)?shù)卮迕竦膸ьI(lǐng)下，我們最終找到了那座古老的城堡。(guide)We were_guided_by_a_local_villager,_and finally found the ancient castle.(并列句)Guided_by_a_local_villager,_we finally found the ancient castle.(分詞作狀語)With_a_local_villager_guiding_us,_we finally found the ancient castle.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)).語境辨義根據(jù)語境選出guide的詞性和詞義(A)n.指南；手冊(B)n.導(dǎo)游；向?qū)?C)vt.指引 (D)vt.指導(dǎo)；影響1She guided us through the busy streets to the museum._C_2Lets have a look at the TV guide and see whats on._A_3We hired a local guide to get us across the mountains._B_4He was always guided by his religious beliefs._D_(一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí)1take_up 串記1 拿起；接受；開始；繼續(xù)；占用；從事2(a)_lack_of 缺乏3be_back_on_ones_feet (困境后)恢復(fù)；完全復(fù)原4lose_sight_of_. 看不見5sweep_up 打掃；橫掃6slide_into (快捷而悄聲地)移動；溜進(jìn)7speed_up 加速8remind_sb.of_. 使某人想起；提醒某人9in_all_directions 向四面八方10suffer_from 串記2 患有(疾病等)；遭受同根短語串記串記1.常見的“動詞up”短語掃描take up拿起；接受keep up保持；維持set up建造；創(chuàng)立 bring up教育；培養(yǎng)build up建立；增強 turn up出現(xiàn)；露面clear up整理；(天空)放晴 hold up舉起；耽擱串記2.“v.from”短語薈萃suffer from遭受 result from由于；起因于hear from收到的來信 escape from從逃脫benefit from從中獲益 die from死于date from始于；起源于1be described as . 被描述成2be stored on . 被存儲在3be optimistic about 對樂觀的4as a result 結(jié)果；因此5be greedy for . 對貪婪的6fall fast asleep 很快入睡7be similar to 與相似8show sb. around/round_ 帶領(lǐng)某人參觀1At first my new surroundings were_difficult_to_tolerate.開始的時候，新的環(huán)境讓我難以忍受。2Hit_by_a_lack_of_fresh_air,_my head ached.由于缺乏新鮮空氣，我感到頭痛。3However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.可是，當(dāng)我們到達(dá)一個看上去像大市場的地方時，由于太多氣墊車朝四面八方飛奔，我看不見王平了。4Exhausted,_I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累極了，爬上床很快就睡著了。學(xué)考對接活學(xué)活用高考采擷(一)閱讀中的短語(詞匯替換/補全句子)1(2017全國卷語法填空) Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required to process the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.(用本單元短語替換加黑詞)be_back_on_our_feet2(2015浙江高考閱讀C)In a very real sense, light pollution causes us to lose_sight_of (看不見) our true place in the universe.3(2014江蘇高考任務(wù)型閱讀)This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take_up (開始) a good habit or drop a bad one.高考采擷(二)寫作中的短語和句式(補全句子)1(2013四川高考書面表達(dá))很明顯，一個好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣可以幫助我們加速達(dá)到我們的目標(biāo)。Obviously, a good learning habit can help us to_speed_up_to_reach_our_destinations.2(2015湖南高考寫作)得知我所處的境況后，我的老師Michael鼓勵我勇敢自信地走出困境。(what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句)After learning what_situation_I_was_in,_my teacher, Michael, encouraged me to step out of trouble bravely and confidently.(二)課堂重點釋疑短語集釋1take up占用(時間)；占據(jù)(空間)；繼續(xù)；開始；接受；拿起；從事辨清寫出下列句中take up的含義We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all taken up.占據(jù)I put the telephone down and took up my work again.繼續(xù)(2015陜西高考)Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.從事Im going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing. 接受記牢take off脫掉(衣服等)；起飛；事業(yè)騰飛take over 接管；獲得對的控制或管理take down 寫下；記下；拆除take in 吸收；接納；領(lǐng)會；欺騙take on 呈現(xiàn)；雇用；承擔(dān)；從事練通選用上述短語填空With the development of science and technology, our country has taken_on a new look.The house where I grew up has been taken_down and replaced by an office building.寫美詞匯升級He didnt understand what he read because his mind was focused on something else.(升級加彩詞匯)He didnt take_in what he read because his mind was focused on something else.2lose sight of .看不見；忽略記牢(1)catch sight of望見；看到lose ones sight 失明e into sight 進(jìn)入視野內(nèi)；映入眼簾(2)at first sight 乍一看at the sight of 看到out of sight 看不到in/within sight 在視野內(nèi)練通選用上述短語填空They fell in love at_first_sight,_and three months later, they got married.Only a shortsighted man will lose_sight_of the importance of education.At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was out_of_sight.寫美詞匯升級I saw her getting on the bus when I came out of the store.(升級加彩詞匯)I caught_sight_of her getting on the bus when I came out of the store.3speed up加速記牢(1)reduce speedslow down減速pick up speed 逐漸加速(2)at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速at a speed of . 以速度練通單句語法填空(2017全國卷)The instructor kept repeating the words, “Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turn left！”O(jiān)ur physics teacher said that light travels at a speed of 300,000km per second.Once outside the station, the train began to pick up speed.用準(zhǔn)speed的過去式、 過去分詞有兩種形式： speeded, speeded或sped, sped。寫美 翻譯句子現(xiàn)代發(fā)明大大加速了人們的生活節(jié)奏。Modern_inventions_have_greatly_speeded_up_peoples_pace_of_life.句式集釋1過去分詞短語作狀語教材原句Hit_by_a_lack_of_fresh_air,_my head ached.悟拓展例句(1)Offered (offer) an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to bee famous.(2)Located (locate) in the central district, the Xian Hotel offers the best service with the lowest price.(3)(2016北京高考)Ordered (order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.析用法規(guī)則(1)過去分詞或過去分詞短語作狀語時，可以表示時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式、伴隨等。(2)過去分詞的邏輯主語一般與句子主語一致。(3)過去分詞表示的動作與句子的主語之間為被動關(guān)系。背寫作佳句(1)Amazed at how skillful they were, I determined to be just as good.(要點句)(2)(2018全國卷書面表達(dá))Shown this Sunday afternoon, the film will last two hours.(要點句)2形容詞(短語)作狀語教材原句Exhausted,_I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.悟拓展例句(1)To our relief, the missing child returned home ten days later, tired but healthy (health)(2)Surprised (surprise) and happy, he stood up and accepted the prize.(3)The boy lay on the sofa, relaxed (relax)析用法規(guī)則用法歸納形容詞(短語)作狀語可以表示方式、原因或伴隨狀況等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗號與句子其他成分隔開。注意事項形容詞(短語)作狀語時常用來說明句子主語的狀態(tài)，即和主語?？蓸?gòu)成系表關(guān)系。如果用來修飾句子的謂語動詞或整個句子，則應(yīng)用副詞作狀語。背寫作佳句(1)(2016全國卷書面表達(dá))Worried about making mistakes, Im writing to bother you to correct the words and format in the material I attach to the letter.(開頭句)(2)Too nervous, I couldnt think of anything at the beginning of the exam. However, I didnt worry but tried to calm myself down.(要點句)詞塊、句式過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練 .選詞填空1Sue_slid_into_the office of Mr. Brown and took the important papers away.2Mary swept_up all the broken glass before her mother came back home after work.3Because Susan was in France at that time, her youngest sister took_up the prize in place of her.4Many countries are faced with the problem about how to speed_up economic development.5I took a careful search in the crowds at the exit of the station, but I still lost_sight_of my cousin.6Her father fell off the truck and was able to be_back_on_his_feet after two weeks treatment in the hospital.根據(jù)提示補全句子/一句多譯1他想知道經(jīng)理在會議上說了些什么。(what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句)He wanted to know what_the_manager_had_said at the meeting.2又累又渴，他走進(jìn)一家茶館，一個機器人服務(wù)員迅速過來招待他。(形容詞作狀語)Tired_and_thirsty,_he went into a teahouse and a robot waiter quickly came up to serve him.3從高層建筑物上看，公園看上去更漂亮。When_it_is_seen_from the top of the high building, the park looks even more beautiful. (時間狀語從句)Seen_from the top of the high building, the park looks even more beautiful.(分詞作狀語)Seeing_from the top of the high building, I find the park even more beautiful.(分詞作狀語)4這個看似很難的問題其實很容易回答。(beadj.to do)The question that/which seems difficult is_actually_easy_to_answer.概要寫作閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。There is a difference between simple and easy. The greatest things in life are all about simplicity. The most powerful advice of realizing your dreams is also the simplest and consists of only two words: be yourself.It is simple and powerful, yet it may not be easy. Most of us, since our childhood, have been conditioned out of trusting our own innate (先天的) powers. We were taught to correspond to expectations others had about us, and told that feeling the way we feel and acting the way we do were not all right. Though we have our own thinking and feeling, most of us give in to the pressure of our surroundings.Once we lose trust in our power to create whatever we want in our lives, we believe our own powerlessness. As a consequence, we do not ask ourselves what we truly want in life, but instead do what we are obliged to do as everyone else is doing it as well. Also, we will blame others and circumstances for everything in our life we consider bad. This is another way of giving away our power.But being simple can be very challenging as it is pletely out of what most of us have known ourselves to be. Having disconnected from our true nature, fear begins to dominate our experience. It arises when we doubt our power as feeling powerless makes us feel threatened the source of fear. So instead of creating our life according to our deepest desires, we have bee accustomed to living just for survival.Bad emotions prevent us feeling and being who we truly are and tear us down. But all of them can actually bee the greatest fuel for our growth and development if we simply choose to no longer let it define us. Open up to all within us without feeling powerless and unworthy and a new version of us is born. When we feel ourselves being drawn into conflict, just remember the simple truth of our being: simply be with everything we experience and watch it be transformed into love and power.寫作步驟第一步：歸納主旨大意主旨大意：本文是議論文。我們應(yīng)該簡化自己的生活，尊重自己內(nèi)心所想所需，這樣我們的生活才會變得更美好。短文結(jié)構(gòu)分析：全文分為四個部分。第一部分(第一段)：實現(xiàn)夢想很簡單活出你自己；第二部分(第二、三段)：活出自己簡單但不易做到；第三部分(第四段)：恐懼使簡單的東西實現(xiàn)起來有挑戰(zhàn)性；第四部分(第五段)：如何活出真實的自己。第二步：提煉關(guān)鍵詞Part 1：1.The most powerful advice of realizing_your_dreams is also the simplest and consists of only two words: be_yourself.Part 2：2.It is simple and powerful, yet it may not_be_easy.3Though we have our own thinking and feeling, most of us give_in_to_the_pressure of our surroundings.Part 3：4.But being_simple can be very challenging as it is pletely out of what most of us have known ourselves to be.5Fear_arises when we doubt_our_power as feeling powerless makes us feel threatened.Part 4：6.Open_up_to_all_within_us without feeling powerless and unworthy and a new version of us is born. 7When we feel ourselves being drawn into conflict, just remember the simple truth of our being.第三步：合并和改寫1要點1(要點句)改寫：Realizing_your_dreams is simple: be yourself.2要點2和3合并：It is not easy to be ourselves as most of us give in to the pressure of our surroundings.改寫：It is hard to be ourselves as we may be affected by the pressure of our surroundings.3要點4和5合并：Being simple can be very challenging because we doubt our power.改寫：Being simple can be very challenging because_of our doubt about our power.4要點6和7合并：We should open up to all within us without feeling powerless and unworthy and remember the simple truth of our being.改寫：We should try to be who_we_are and remember the simple truth of our being.第四步：核查成文核查連貫性，優(yōu)先考慮使用最短連接詞；核查標(biāo)點和語法；核查詞數(shù)。最終成文如下：Realizing your dreams is simple: be yourself. (要點1)However, it is hard to be ourselves as we may be affected by the pressure of our surroundings.(要點2)Being simple can be very challenging because of our doubt about our power. (要點3)Despite this, we should try to be who we are and remember the simple truth of our being. (要點4)理清段落結(jié)構(gòu)之(五)呼應(yīng)所謂呼應(yīng)是指在開頭和結(jié)尾的內(nèi)容上有極其密切的關(guān)系，是對同一情況做出解釋、說明、交代的。呼應(yīng)可以使文章渾然一體，更具有突出的作用。呼應(yīng)之處一般是文章要重點強調(diào)的內(nèi)容，也是文章主旨所在，利用這種呼應(yīng)關(guān)系，可解閱讀類題目中的主旨及前后照應(yīng)型題目。高考典例12018全國卷D篇文章開頭用描述現(xiàn)象引出“small talk”的重要性文章結(jié)尾以研究報告的結(jié)論再次強調(diào)了“small talk”的重要性1Weve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the unfortable silence.2Whats the problem? Its possible that we all have promised conversational intelligence. Its more likely that none of us start a conversation because its awkward and challenging, or we th