Unit 4 Making the news(一)課前自主學習.閱讀單詞知其意1journalist n縱聯(lián)1記者；新聞工作者2assignment n. 任務；分配3submit vt. 遞交；呈遞(文件等)4colleague n. 同事5amateur n. 業(yè)余愛好者6update vt. 更新；使現(xiàn)代化7sceptical adj. 懷疑的8dilemma n. (進退兩難的)困境；窘境9technical adj. 技術(上)的；技巧方面的10department n. 部門；部；處；系11deliberately adv. 故意地12crime n. 罪行；犯罪13accurate adj. 精確的；正確的 14senior adj. 年長的；高年級的；高級的15involve vt. 牽涉；涉及；包括；使參與(卷入)16negative n. 底片；否定adj. 否定的；消極的.重點單詞寫其形1unusual adj. 不同尋常的；獨特的2eager adj. 渴望的；熱切的3acquire vt.縱聯(lián)2 獲得；取得；學到4inform vt. 告知；通知5deadline n. 最后期限6meanwhile adv. 其間；同時7case n. 情況；病例；案例8accuse vt. 指責；譴責；控告9demand n. 需求；要求vt. 強烈要求10gifted adj. 有天賦的11process vt. 加工；處理n. 過程；程序；步驟12polish vt. 擦亮；磨光；潤色13publish vt. 出版；發(fā)行；發(fā)表；公布14chief adj. 主要的；首席的n. 首領；長官15thorough adj. 徹底的；詳盡的.拓展單詞通其變1concentrate vi.&vt.集中；聚集concentration n專心；集中concentrated adj.全神貫注的2guilty adj.犯罪的；有罪的；內疚的guilt n內疚；犯罪；有罪3editor n編輯edition n版(本)；版次edit v編輯4approve vt.贊成；認可；批準approval n贊成；認可；批準disapproval n不贊成；反對縱聯(lián)35appointment n約會；任命appoint vt.約定；任命6assess vt.評估；評定assessment n評定；評估7delighted adj.快樂的；欣喜的delight n快樂；高興；喜悅vt.使高興；使欣喜縱聯(lián)48admirable adj.值得贊揚的；令人欽佩的admire vt.欽佩；羨慕縱聯(lián)59assist vt.幫助；協(xié)助；援助assistance n幫助；協(xié)助assistant n助手；助理；售貨員10profession n職業(yè)；專業(yè)professional adj.專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的n.專業(yè)人員縱聯(lián)1.新聞媒體相關詞匯一覽journalist n記者；新聞工作者reporter n記者editor n編輯 chief editor主編photographer n攝影師 daily n日報weekly n周報 mass media大眾傳播媒介縱聯(lián)2.“獲得；得到”家族acquire vt.獲得；取得 achieve vt.取得；獲得obtain vt.獲得；得到 gain vt.&vi. 獲得；贏得win vt. 獲得；贏得 get vt. 得到；收到縱聯(lián)3.“贊成”與“反對”高頻詞匯薈萃approve vt.批準；贊成 favour vt.&n.贊成support vt.支持；贊成 oppose vt.反對object v反對 against prep.反對縱聯(lián)4.后綴ed形容詞掃描delighted快樂的；欣喜的 concerned關心的interested感興趣的 married已婚的surprised吃驚的 tired疲倦的縱聯(lián)5.后綴able形容詞集錦admirable令人欽佩的 fortable舒適的unbelievable難以置信的 honorable榮譽的；光榮的reasonable合情合理的 respectable可敬的valuable值錢的；貴重的 suitable合適的單元話題新聞制作子話題1電子新聞媒體broadcast n&vt. 廣播；播放condemn vt. 譴責；指責confirm v. 證實；證明；確認conflict n. 沖突；爭執(zhí)；爭論dismiss vt. 讓離開；遣散；解散；解雇distinguish v. 區(qū)分；辨別emergency n. 緊急情況或狀態(tài)electronic books 電子讀物interview n&vt. 采訪；會見；面試witness n. 目擊者；見證人vt. 目睹；見證子話題2報刊新聞媒體public adj. 公眾的；公開的spread v. 擴散；蔓延magazine n. 雜志brochure n. 小冊子print v. 印刷subscribe vt.&vi. 訂閱；訂購(報刊等)monthly n. 月刊media n. 新聞媒體學考對接活學活用高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞匯應用1(2012四川高考閱讀C)I left university with a good degree in English Literature, but no sense of what I wanted to do. Over the next six years, I was treading water, just trying to earn an ine. I tried _， but I didnt think I was any good, then finance, which I hated. Finally, I got a job as a rights _ (assist) at a famous publisher. I loved working with books, although the job that I did was dull.選詞填空：_B_AjournalistBjournalismCjournal用assist的適當形式填空：assistant，意為“助手”2(20186月浙江高考閱讀A)In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels _ (publish) in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719 but nobody wanted to do it professionally.The steampowered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy (識字) rate in England was under 50%.用publish的適當形式填空：published_professionally在此意為“專職地”，寫出它在本單元的同根名詞：profession高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞匯應用(根據(jù)漢語及提示詞補全/翻譯句子)1(2017全國卷書面表達)我寫信告訴你我們下次上課的時間。(inform)Im_writing_to_inform_you_of_the_time_for_our_next_class.2(2016江蘇高考書面表達)投票者可能被組織者出于商業(yè)目的而利用，這是常有的事。(case)As_is_often_the_case,_the voters are possibly taken advantage of by the organizers for mercial.3(2015重慶高考寫作)與此同時，他們彼此交流思想和情感，通過這些他們能獲得更多的知識。 (meanwhile, acquire)Meanwhile,_they_exchange_ideas_and_feelings_with_each_other,_through_which_they_probably_acquire_more_knowledge.(二)課堂重點釋疑1assist vt.幫助；協(xié)助；援助記牢(1)assist sb. to do sth.幫助某人做某事assist sb. with sth. 幫助某人某事assist sb. in doing sth. 幫助某人做某事(2)assistance n. 幫助；協(xié)助e to ones assistance 援助某人(3)assistant n. 助手；助理；售貨員練通單句語法填空The guide managed to assist the tourists to_find (find) somewhere to live during the Russia World Cup.With the assistance (assist) of his teacher, he gradually adjusted to the school life.Were looking for volunteers who would be willing to assist us_with the groups work.Mary was chosen as an assistant (assist) to help Mr. Brown finish his research.用準assist只是表示輔助性的幫助；aid多指經(jīng)濟上或其他方面急需的援助；help用法則比較廣泛，常用于日常談話中，表示任何形式的幫助。寫美一句多譯在我的日常生活中，我認為幫助母親做家務是我的責任。In my daily life, I think it is my duty to assist_my_mother_with the housework.In my daily life, I think it is my duty to assist_my_mother_to_do the housework.In my daily life, I think it is my duty to assist_my_mother_in_doing the housework.2inform vt.告知；通知記牢(1)inform sb. of sth. 告訴/通知某人某事inform sb. that/when/how . 通知某人keep sb. informed (of .) 使某人隨時了解()(2)information nU 通知；消息；情報；信息練通單句語法填空(2016全國卷)Just now, my cousin, who went to Australia for further study last year，informed (inform) me that he would return this Saturday morning and asked me to pick him up at the airport.Please inform us of your decision and we will put it into action.Please inform us of your decision and we will put it into action.補全句子It is necessary that we keep_the_young_generation_informed_of_history and make them remember history.我們很有必要讓年輕一代了解歷史并記住歷史。用準inform后不能直接帶雙賓語，而是借助于介詞of，構成inform sb.of sth.結構。寫美詞匯升級(2018全國卷書面表達)Im more than delighted to tell you the good news that a short English film will be shown this weekend.(升級加彩詞匯)Im more than delighted to_inform_you_of_the_good_news that a short English film will be shown this weekend.3case n情況；病例；案例記牢in case假使；以防萬一in case of 假如發(fā)生；萬一發(fā)生in any case 無論如何in no case 決不(置于句首時，句子用部分倒裝)in this/that case 假使這樣/那樣的話as is often the case 這是常有的事練通選用上述短語填空(20186月浙江高考寫作)I held the rope tightly in_case I might fall off.As_is_often_the_case with other old people, my grandfather is fond of talking about good old days.The meeting will be put off in_case_of the rain.Enough space should be given to the kids. In_that_case,_they will get more life experiences.熟詞生義寫出加彩詞在語境中的含義Unless we have enough evidence, we cant win the case. 官司寫美句式升級We should in no case do anything that goes against the interests of people.In_no_case_should_we_do_anything that goes against the interests of people.(倒裝句)4demand n需求；要求vt.強烈要求記牢(1)be in (great) demand(迫切)需求meet/satisfy ones demands 滿足某人的需求(2)demand to do sth. 要求做某事demand of sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事demand that . (should) do sth. 要求做某事(3)demanding adj.高要求的；要求嚴格的；費力的練通單句語法填空The manager demanded that they (should)_try (try) to meet their customers demands.My father came down and demanded to_know (know) what was going on.Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding (demand) customers.補全句子 First, science graduates are in_greater_demand than arts ones in China.首先，在中國，對理科畢業(yè)生的需求比對文科更大。用準(1)demand的主語是物時，常用demand doing或demand to be done結構。類似用法的詞還有require, need, deserve。(2)“要求某人做”不可用demand sb. to do .，但可用demand of sb. to do .。(3)demand后通常不接雙賓語。寫美一句多譯這位老師要求學生們準時到校。The_teacher_demands_that_the_students_(should)_go_to_school_on_time.(demand that .)The_teacher_demands_of_the_students_to_go_to_school_on_time. (demand of sb. to do sth.)5approve vt.贊成；認可；批準記牢(1)approve sth.批準/通過某事approve of (sb./ones) doing sth. 贊同/同意(某人)做某事(2)approval n. 贊成；同意；批準；通過get ones approval 得到某人的同意give ones approval to . 同意/批準練通單句語法填空A survey done recently shows that not all parents approve of_their children taking part in the weekend classes.I would appreciate it if my application could get your approval (approve)I approve of your_trying (try) to earn some money, but please dont neglect your studies.用準“贊同/同意某人做某事”不可說成approve sb. to do sth., 因為approve用作“同意；贊同”時是不及物動詞，所以應該用approve of sb./ones doing sth.，其中介詞of后是動詞ing的復合結構。寫美一句多譯(2017北京高考書面表達)老師同意我們制作視頻來記錄我們在校的經(jīng)歷。The teacher_gave_his_approval_to_us_making_a_video_to_record_our_experiences at school.(approval)The teacher approved_of_us_making_a_video_to_record_our_experiences at school.(approve)詞匯過關綜合訓練 .單詞拼寫1(2018全國卷)Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a mon Sense Media report published (發(fā)行；出版) Monday.2He was accused (指控) of robbing a bank and was sentenced to ten years in prison.3The old man is eager (渴望的) to e back to his hometown after living abroad for many years.4Be quick! We must get this report finished by tomorrows deadline (最后期限)5In order to ensure success we must have a plete and thorough (詳盡的) plan.6The English department (系) of our school will hold a party to celebrate Christmas.7Mum is angry with dad. She has been_deliberately (故意地) ignoring him all day.8Your brother looks quite delighted (高興的); he must have been admitted as a member of the football team.9You should phone his secretary if you want to make an appointment (預約)10The truth is that the mittee gave its approval (贊同；批準) to the plan after a second thought.單句語法填空1In our daily life, we sometimes e across a number of cases where people suffer from heart attacks.2The man was clever, and gifted (gift) with a sharp business brain.3As you know, to_acquire (acquire) a good knowledge of Chinese, you should learn more about Chinese culture and history.4I still feel guilty (guilt) about things I said to my father when I was a teenager.5The manager put up a notice to keep the staff informed (inform) of what to do this week.6If you want to win a prize in the contest, youd better have your essay polished (polish)7I waited patiently hoping that someone would e to my assistance (assist)8She was in a dilemma whether to stay at school or get a job.根據(jù)提示補全句子/一句多譯1比我大三歲的丈夫非常體貼，總是把我放在首位。(senior)My husband, who is_three_years_senior_to me, is very considerate and always places me in the first place. 2這個班級的學生渴望學習新知識以解決更難的問題。(eager)The students in this class are_eager_to_learn_new_knowledge in order to solve more difficult problems.3由于被指控偷錢，這個人被帶到了法庭。Accused_of_stealing_money,_the man was brought to the court. (accuse)Charged_with_stealing_money,_the man was brought to the court.(charge).語境辨義根據(jù)語境選出senior的詞性和詞義(A)adj.年長的(B)adj.高級的；級別較高的(C)n.較年長的人 (D)n.上級；上司1She was appreciated both by her colleagues and her seniors._D_2I have ten years experience at senior management level. _B_3The old man took a train for free with his senior railcard._A_4My brother is my senior by two years._C_(一)課前自主學習1concentrate_on集中；全神貫注于2depend_on 串記1 依靠；依賴；取決于3accuse_.of 因指責或控告4so_as_to_(do_sth.) 為了(做)5ahead_of 在前面6have_a_nose_for_. 對很敏感；善于發(fā)現(xiàn)7keep_in_mind 串記2 記住8look_forward_to 盼望；期望同根短語串記串記1.“動詞on”短語薈萃depend on依靠；依賴 insist on堅持put on穿上 feed on以為生take on承擔 carry on繼續(xù)；進行concentrate on集中 try on試穿pass on傳遞；繼續(xù) turn/switch on打開串記2.mind相關短語大全bear/keep .in mind 記住bring .to mind 使想起make up ones mind 下定決心change ones mind 改變主意have . in mind 想要1be happy_with_ 對滿意2get absorbed in_ 專心于，全神貫注于3by accident 偶然4be supposed_to_ 應該5take photographs 拍照6miss the deadline 錯過最后期限7take notes 做筆記8an experienced journalist 一位有經(jīng)驗的記者1Never_will_Zhou_Yang_(ZY)_forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.周陽永遠不會忘記他在一家暢銷英語報紙的第一項工作任務。2His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin (HX), was_to_strongly_influence his life as a journalist.他同新上司胡欣的討論對他的記者生涯必將產生強烈的影響。3Not_only_am_I_interested_in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.對攝影我不僅只是感興趣，在大學里我還選修過業(yè)余攝影課來更新我的攝影技術。4Only_if_you_ask_many_different_questions_will_you acquire all the information you need to know.只有提很多不同的問題，你才能收集到你所需要的信息。5Have you ever had a_case_where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?你們有沒有過這樣的情況：別人控告你的記者，說他(她)們的報道完全失實？學考對接活學活用高考采擷(一)閱讀中的短語(補全句子)1(2017全國卷語法填空)She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate_on_her_studies (集中精力學習)2(2016浙江高考閱讀A)The effects of gossip vary depending_on (取決于) the situation.3(2016全國卷完形填空)Damaged but not defeated, he was still ahead_of_me (在我的前面)高考采擷(二)寫作中的短語和句式(翻譯句子)1(20186月浙江高考寫作)我的確期望盡快收到你的回信。(look forward to)I_do_look_forward_to_receiving_your_reply_letter_as_soon_as_possible.2(2017全國卷書面表達)如果你不了解唐朝的歷史，你是永遠不會學好唐詩的。(否定詞置于句首)Never_will_you_learn_Tang_Poetry_well_if_you_dont_know_anything_about_the_history_of_Tang_Dynasty.3(2015浙江高考書面表達)通過這樣做，我不僅能與他人分享好的想法，而且還學會清楚地表達自己。(not only . but also .倒裝句)By_doing_so,_not_only_can_I_share_good_ideas_with_others_but_also_learn_to_express_myself_clearly.(二)課堂重點釋疑短語集釋1concentrate on集中；全神貫注于記牢(1)concentrate on (doing) sth.專心于(做)某事concentrate ones mind/attention/energy on集中注意力/精力于；致力于；專心于(2)concentration n. 集中；專心練通單句語法填空Playing puter games can give us some relaxation after school, but as students we must concentrate on our studies.He concentrated his energy on studying (study) the history of Britain.Speaking on the phone requires concentration (concentrate) and takes a drivers attention from the road.寫美一句多譯你若集中精力學習英語，你會掌握這門語言的。(concentrate)If you concentrate_your_energy_on English, you will master the language.Concentrate_your_energy_on English, and you will master the language.(祈使句)Concentrating_your_energy_on English will enable you to master the language.(動名詞作主語)2depend on依靠；依賴記牢(1)depend on sb. to do/ones doing sth.依靠某人做某事depend on sb. for sth. 依靠某人供給某物depend on/upon it that .指望；對深信不疑(2)That depends./It (all) depends.視情況而定。練通單句語法填空The teacher will put forward a variety of questions, depending (depend) on your different answers.You can never depend on his arriving (arrive) on time.He depends on his parents to_take (take) care of his children. Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.補全句子You can depend_on/upon_it_that such a boring thing will never happen again.放心好了，這種無聊的事絕不會再發(fā)生的。寫美翻譯句子一個小孩是否能健康成長取決于他生活的環(huán)境。Whether_a_child_can_grow_up_healthily_or_not_depends_on_the_surroundings_in_which_he_lives.句式集釋1否定詞置于句首的部分倒裝教材原句Never_will_Zhou_Yang_(ZY)_forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.悟拓展例句(1)Never_will_I_forget (我永遠不會忘記) the accident that happened in my own childhood, which left a deep impression on me.(2)Hardly_had_we_left_the_dormitory (我們剛離開宿舍) the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.(3)On_no_condition_can_we_give_up_our_dreams (我們決不能放棄夢想); only if we can stick to our dreams will we be able to get over all kinds of challenges.析用法規(guī)則(1)否定副詞never置于句首，句子需用部分倒裝結構，即把助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或系動詞be提到主語之前。(2)常用否定副詞和含有否定意義的介詞短語還有：not, little, seldom, hardly, scarcely, neither, nor, at no time, by no means, in no case, in no way, on no condition等。背寫作佳句(1)(2018北京高考書面表達)To be frank, never is studying for a degree easy in a different culture.(要點句)(2)Never have I seen such a moving film before.(要點句)2先行詞為抽象地點名詞的定語從句教材原句Have you ever had a_case_where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?悟拓展例句單句語法填空(1)I can think of many cases where students knew quite a few English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.(2)(20186月浙江高考)Then I got to the point where I was staying up really late at night to get my work done.(3)(2015天津高考)The boss of the pany is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work.(4)He is in a dangerous situation that/which he doesnt know how to deal with. 析用法規(guī)則(1)當先行詞為抽象地點名詞case, system, point, stage, occasion, position, situation, condition, activity, race, job, scene, petition, atmosphere等，且關系詞在從句中作狀語時，常用where來引導定語從句。(2)抽象地點名詞后的定語從句中如果缺少主語或賓語則需用關系代詞that或which。背寫作佳句(1)Have you ever had a case where you could not get along well with reading with much grammar？(開頭句)(2)(2017江蘇高考書面表達)China has reached a stage where its economy is expected to grow at a medium speed in the ing years, so an increase of the boxoffice ine is possible.(要點句)詞塊、句式過關綜合訓練 .選詞填空1I am looking_forward_to meeting you tomorrow.2You must keep_in_mind that there is no such thing as a free lunch in the world, so dont be lazy.3The noise of the construction in the neighborhood was so loud that Jane had some difficulty concentrating_on her study.4The World Bank president says the most important issue now is to act quickly so_as_to reduce economic losses.5Thanks to your hard work, we can finish the task ahead_of schedule.6Some experts think that reading is the fundamental skill which school education depends_on.根據(jù)提示補全句子1因為你既聰明又勤奮，你當記者的夢想一定會實現(xiàn)的。(be to do)Your dream of being a journalist is_to_e_true because you are wise and hardworking.2講座將涉及許多英語初學者不能正確使用語言的情況。(抽象地點名詞定語從句)The lecture will cover a_number_of_cases_where_beginners of English fail to use the language properly.3她不僅重視閱讀，而且她每天至少抽出20分鐘來閱讀。(倒裝句)Not_only_does_she_attach_importance_to_reading,_but also she spares at least 20 minutes every day to read.4只有我們用正確的方式處理和克服大量的困難，我們才會實現(xiàn)夢想。(倒裝句)Only if we deal with and overe large numbers of difficulties in a correct way will_we_achieve_our_dreams.5在昨天的考試中他沒有犯一個錯誤。(否定詞置于句首的倒裝句)Not_a_single_mistake_did_he make in yesterdays exam.應用文分步寫作假定你是李華，某英文報社招聘記者，你打算應聘。請按以下要求給負責人John寫一封申請信，內容包括：1寫信目的；2自身優(yōu)勢；3表達愿望。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。第一步：準確審題，理行文脈絡，擬寫作要點本文屬于應用文中的申請信，時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，人稱為第一人稱。本文可分為三個層次：開頭自我介紹并點明寫信的目的應聘記者，為下文介紹自身優(yōu)勢做好鋪墊；主體部分應介紹自身優(yōu)勢(屬于半開放作文)，考生應根據(jù)成為優(yōu)秀記者的優(yōu)點適當發(fā)揮想象，如：對新聞有敏感的嗅覺；精通英語；容易相處等；結尾表達愿望并表示感謝。要點1：我是李華，新華中學的一名學生。Im_Li_Hua,_a_student_from_Xinhua_Middle_School.要點1：我寫信申請記者職位。Im_writing_to_apply_for_the_position_as_a_journalist.要點2：我精通英語，而且容易相處。(mand)I_have_a_good_mand_of_English_and_I_am_easy_to_get_along_with.要點2：我對新聞有敏感的嗅覺，以至于被派去采訪過發(fā)生在校園里的一些故事。(have a nose for)I_have_so_good_a_nose_for_news_that_I_have_been_sent_to_cover_the_stories_happening_in_the_campus.要點2：我細心又勤奮。Im_careful_and_diligent.要點3：如果您能批準我的申請我將感激不盡。(approve)I_would_appreciate_it_if_you_could_approve_my_application.第二步：添加細節(jié)，文意更豐滿，表達更亮眼為使要點在內容上和形式上更豐滿，需要添加適當?shù)男揎椪Z并增加細節(jié)或使用高級表達。如：要點2使用so .that .倒裝句型增加文章的亮點；要點2可增加細心勤奮的結果。升級要點2：我對新聞有敏感的嗅覺，以至于被派去采訪過發(fā)生在校園里的一些故事。(so .that .倒裝句型)So_good_a_nose_for_news_do_I_have_that_I_have_been_sent_to_cover_the_stories_happening_in_the_campus.拓展要點2：我如此細心又勤奮以至于我堅信我可以成為一名好記者。(so .that)Im_so_careful_and_diligent_that_I_firmly_believe_I_can_be_a_good_journalist.第三步：連句成文，排語句順序，重銜接過渡結合文章要點，本寫作可分為三段來行文。寫作時可對各要點進行適當整合，并根據(jù)上下文邏輯關系在要點2中可添加連接詞in addition等做好文章的過渡銜接。Dear_John，Im_Li_Hua,_a_student_from_Xinhua_Middle_School.Im_writing_to_apply_for_the_position_as_a_journalist.I_have_a_good_mand_of_English_and_I_am_easy_to_get_along_with.So_good_a_nose_for_news_do_I_have_that_I_have_been_sent_to_cover_the_stories_happening_in_the_campus._In_addition,_Im_so_careful_and_diligent_that_I_firmly_believe_I_can_be_a_good_journalist.I_would_appreciate_it_if_you_could_approve_my_application.