第15練 語法填空 概要寫作題組一語法填空1Chinaisoneoftheworldsoldestcivilizations，1.isastatelocatedinEastAsia.Chinaisrichinhistory，ancientChinesearchitecture，cultureandhascontributed2.(wide) toglobalarts.ItiscommonknowledgethatgunpowderwasfirstmadeinChina，thoughitisamisunderstanding3.theChineseuseditonlyforfestivals.Infact，theChinesehadvariousweapons4.(use) gunpowder.CalligraphyisoneofthemajorartsofChina，andhasrecentlyenteredthewesternworld.Chineseliterature5.(exist) sincearound1,000BC.ItsestablishmentmeantthattheQingdynasty，thelastdynastyinChina，cameto6.end.ThetotalpopulationofChinaismorethanonebillion.Aroundafifthoftheworldspopulation7.(live) inChina.TheChineseconsiderredastheir8.(luck) color.RedisasymbolofhappinessforthemandiscommonlyusedatChinesefestivals，weddings，birthdaysandotherfestiveoccasions.ThegiantpandaisChinasmostlovedanimal.Pandasarealsoconsideredsymbolsof9.(brave)TheGreatWallofChinaisthelongestwallintheworld,10.(build) byQinShihuang，thefirstemperorofChina.Itisthelargestengineeringprojectevercarriedoutinthehistoryofmankind.2Therelationshipbetweenparentsandchildrenhasalwaysbeenahottopic.Manystudentsmayfeel11.(stress) becauseoftheirparents.Mostparentshavegoodintentions,12.someofthemarentveryhelpfulwiththeproblemstheirsonsanddaughtershavein13.(adjust) tocollege，andafewofthemseemtogooutoftheirwaytoaddtotheirchildrens14.(difficult)Foronething，parentsareoftennotawareofthekindsofproblemstheirchildrenface.Theydontrealizethatthe15.(compete) isstronger，thattherequiredstandardsofworkare16.(high)，andthattheirchildrenmaynotbepreparedfor17.change.Theymaybeupsetbytheirchildrenspoorgrades.Attheirkindest，theymay18.(gentle) askwhyJohnorMaryisntdoingbetter，whetherheorsheistryingashardasheorshecould，andsoon.Attheirworst，theymaythreaten19.(take) theirchildrenoutofcollegeorcutofflivingexpenses.Sometimesparentsthinkitrightandnaturalthattheydetermine20.theirchildrenshoulddowiththeirlives.Theyforgetthateveryoneisdifferentandthateachpersonmustdevelopinhisorherownway.3Doyouliketraveling？21.(stay) healthywhiletravelingcanhelptoensureyourtripisahappyandenjoyableone.Ifyouaretravelingabroad，herearethetipsyouneedtomakeyourtripmuch22.(easy)Makesureyouhavegotasignedpassportandavisa.Also,23.yougo，fillintheemergencyinformationpageofyourpassport！Maketwocopiesofyourpassportidentificationpage.Thiswillhelpalotifyourpassport24.(steal)Leaveonecopyathomewithfriendsorrelatives.Carrytheother25.youinaseparateplacefromyourpassport.ReadthePublicAnnouncementsorTravelWarningsforthecountriesyouplantovisit.Get26.(you) familiarwithlocallawsandcustomsofthecountriesto27.youaretraveling.Leaveacopyofyouritinerary(旅行計(jì)劃) withyourfamilyorfriendsathomesothatyoucanbecontactedincaseof28.emergency.Donotacceptpackagesfromstrangers.Donotcarrytoomuchmoneyor29.(necessary) creditcards.Ifwemakeenoughpreparations，wewill30.(success)Haveagoodtime!4Teenagersarefamousforbeingonthecuttingedgeofcurrentfads(時(shí)尚) andtrends.Theyareworkingontheiridentity.Theywanttoidentifywithsomethingthatmakesthemfeelgoodabout31.(them)Whensomethingnewcomesout，alltheteensandtheirpeerscheckitout.Ifitsticksforalittlewhile，itsafad.Ifitsticksarounda32.(long) time，itbecomesatrend.Manyfadsare33.(harm)Backinmyday，peoplecutthesleevesandcollarsofsweatshirtsoffand34.(wear) theminsideout.Nobigdeal.Thisfaddidnotbecomeatrend.Today，everyoneowns35.iPodandtextsfriendsontheircellphones.Thesefadswilleitherfadewithnewtechnology36.becomeatrendandstayaroundawhile.Wellhavetowaitandsee.Whilekeepingupwithteenfadscansometimesbeexhaustingforparents,37.(especial) forparentsofpreteenswhoarejustgetting38.(start)，itisaworthwhileeffort.39.youcantpickandchoosewhichfadsortrendsyourteenswillpickup，itdoesntmeanyoudontgettoaddyouropinionandusethefad40.ateachablemoment.題組二.語法填空1(2018遼寧遼南協(xié)作校一模)Beijingwasonceacityofbikes，knownastheBicycleKingdom,1.carswerereservedforofficialbusinessandthepoliticallypowerful.However，decadesofeconomic2.(grow) ledtoahugeflowingofcarsinthecity.Owningonebecamenotjustamarkerofreachingthemiddleclassbutalsoarequirementformarriage.Astheeconomydeveloped，autospushedbikesofftheroads,3.(create) heavypollutionandmiserabletraffic.4(fortunate)，nowBeijingmaybereturningtoitsroots.Thankstoabout20technologycompanies，brightlycoloredsharedbikes5.(flood) intoBeijinginthelasttwoyears.Manylocalresidentswelcomethesharedbikes6.theflexibilityandfreedomtheyoffer.Theypickupthebikesandthenrideanddropthemoffanywheretheylike，lockingthebackwheel，withnoneed7.(find) afixedplace.AnalysesinChinasayitisthreefactorsthatcontributetobikes8.(increase) rapidly：alotofcashlookingforahome，agoodideaandgovernmentsupport.“Asthecityspopulationgrew，trafficjamsgot9.(bad)”Cai，theofospokeswoman，said，“Sharedbikescouldsolvethelastmileproblemin10.environmentallyfriendlyway.”2(2018安徽合肥聯(lián)考)IwastravelinginasmallplaceinNewYork.Thatplacehadnotaxiforashort11.(distant)Onehadtotakearickshaw(人力車)Icalledoutforanoldmaninthewaitingline.BeforeIgotontherickshaw，I12.(automatic) askedhowmuchhewouldchargetotakemeacrosstotheMall.I13.(tell) “10dollars”ThenIstartedbargaining.Hejustgaveahardsmileandsaid，“Whateveryoufeellike，pleasegiveme.Itisnotnecessary14.(bargain) onthissmallamount.”Iwasabitashamedatmyselfandkeptquietwhilehecontinued，“15.(like) thosetaxis，myvehicledoesnotrunonpetrolordiesel(柴油) orevengas；16.runsonmysweat.Sopleasegiveittome17.asmile，forthemoneyhastofeedsomany18.(hunger) mouthsathome.”WhenwereachedtheMall，Igavehimthemoneyandthesmile19.requestedandaddedagentlepatonhisback.HesmiledbackasiftogivemeareceiptandIwouldpreservehissmilefor20.longtime.概要寫作閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Anew，firstofitskindstudyexaminestheconnectionbetweenteacherburnoutandstudentsstresslevels.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofBritishColumbiacollectedsaliva(唾液) samplesfromover400elementaryschoolchildren，gradesfourtoseven，at17publicschools.Cortisol(皮質(zhì)醇) levelswerethenassessedfromthesamplesasthehormoneiscommonlyusedasabiologicalindicatorofstress.Correspondingly，teacherburnoutwasdeterminedthroughsurveyresults.Investigatorsfoundthatinclassroomsinwhichteachersexperiencedmoreburnout，orfeelingsofemotionalexhaustion，studentscortisollevelswereelevated(提升)Highercortisollevelsinelementaryschoolchildrenhavebeenlinkedtolearningdifficultiesaswellasmentalhealthproblems.ThestudyappearsinthejournalSocialScience&Medicine.“Thissuggeststhatstresscontagion(蔓延) mightbetakingplaceintheclassroomamongstudentsandtheirteachers，”saidEvaOberle，Ph.D.，thestudysleadauthor.Indeed，therelationshipbetweenstudentstressandteacherburnoutisachickenandeggquestion.“Itisunknownwhatcamefirst，elevatedcortisolorteacherburnout.Weconsidertheconnectionbetweenstudentandteacherstressacyclicalproblemintheclassroom.”O(jiān)berlesaidastressfulclassroomclimatecouldbearesultofinadequatesupportforteachers，whichmayimpactteachersabilitytoeffectivelymanagetheirstudents.Apoorlymanagedclassroomcancontributetostudentsneedsnotbeingmetandincreasingstress.Thiscouldbereflectedinelevatedcortisollevelsinstudents.Alternatively，stresscouldoriginatefromstudents，whomaybemorechallengingtoteachbecauseofincreasesinanxiety，behavioralproblems，orspecialneeds.Inthiscase，teacherscouldfeeloverwhelmedandreporthigherlevelsofburnout.“Ourstudyisareminderofthesystemicissuesfacingteachersandeducatorsasclassroomsizesincreaseandsupportsforteachersarecut，”saidOberle.“Itisclearfromanumberofrecentresearchstudiesthatteachingisoneofthemoststressfulprofessions，andthatteachersneedadequateresourcesandsupportintheirjobsinordertobattleburnoutandrelievestressintheclassroom，”saidUniversityofBritishColumbiaeducationprofessorKimberlySchonertReichl，Ph.D.，thestudyscoauthor.“Ifwedonotsupportteachers，weriskthedamageofstudents.”答案精析組合練題組一1which考查定語從句。此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾China，且在從句中作主語。2widely考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處修飾動(dòng)詞has contributed, 故用副詞形式。3that考查名詞性從句。此處引導(dǎo)同位語從句，說明了misunderstanding的內(nèi)容，從句中不缺主語或賓語。4using考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處作定語，the Chinese與use之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。5hasexisted考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的since可知，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。6an考查冠詞的用法。come to an end是固定短語，意為“結(jié)束”。7live/are living考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。此處描述現(xiàn)在的情況，所以可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。8lucky考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處修飾名詞，故用形容詞形式。9bravery考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處作介詞大寫of的賓語，故用名詞形式。10built考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處作后置定語，the Great Wall與build之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故此處用過去分詞表示被動(dòng)。11stressed考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處是作表語，故用形容詞形式。12but考查連詞的用法。句意為：大多數(shù)父母出發(fā)點(diǎn)是好的，但是他們的一些打算是沒有幫助的。前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折。13adjusting考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。介詞in后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語。14difficulties考查名詞的用法。名詞所有格后用名詞，根據(jù)該空前的their可知此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式。15competition考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。冠詞后接名詞。16higher考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)上文的stronger可知，此處用比較級。17the考查冠詞的用法。此處特指上文提到的變化。18gently考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處是副詞作狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞ask。19totake考查動(dòng)詞固定搭配。threaten to do sth.威脅做某事。20what考查名詞性從句。句意為：他們決定他們的孩子怎樣處理生活。do with處理，與what連用。21Staying/Tostay22.easier23.before24.isstolen25.with26.yourself27.which28.an29.unnecessary30succeed31.themselves32.longer33.harmless34.wore35.an36.or37.especially38.started39.Although/Though/While40.as題組二.1where考查定語從句。本句是一個(gè)定語從句。先行詞為Beijing，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故填where。2growth考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。被形容詞economic修飾，作介詞of的賓語，因此要用其名詞形式，故填growth。3creating考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。汽車代替了自行車，導(dǎo)致了嚴(yán)重的污染與糟糕的交通。故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語表示結(jié)果。4Fortunately考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處是副詞位于句首修飾整個(gè)句子。5haveflooded/have been flooding考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的“in the last two years.”，可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。6for考查介詞的用法。句意為：因?yàn)樗鼈兲峁┑撵`活和自由。介詞for在此的意思為“因?yàn)椤薄?tofind考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處不定式作后置定語，修飾名詞need。8increasing考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。contribute to導(dǎo)致，to為介詞，后面接動(dòng)名詞作賓語。9worse考查形容詞比較級。句意為：隨著城市人口的增長，交通擁堵變得更糟，可知要用比較級。10an考查冠詞的用法。句意為：共享單車可以以一種環(huán)保的方式解決最后一英里的問題。因此表示數(shù)量“一”，environmentally是以元音音素開頭的，故填an。11distance12.automatically13.wastold14.tobargain15.Unlike16.it17.with18.hungry19.as20.a.參考范文Anewresearchshowsthatstudentstrainoftencoexistswithteacherexhaustion.Students，whofindtheirrequirementsunsatisfiedasaresultofteacherslowlevelmanagementoverclass，mayfeeloverwhelminglystressed.Conversely，teachers，whoencountergreatteachingchallengefromstudents，tendtobeburnedout.Therefore，moresufficientresourcesandsupporttoteachersshouldbeguaranteed，orstudentsarelikelytoberuined.