Unit 3 A healthy life(一)課前自主學習.閱讀單詞知其意1cigarette n香煙；紙煙2adolescentn.青少年adj.縱聯(lián)1 青春期的3adolescence n. 青春期縱聯(lián)2 脾氣暴躁的；易怒的5pregnant adj. 懷孕的6packet n. 小包；小盒 7prehension n. 理解(力)8etc (et cetera) adv. 諸如此類的事物；等等9appendix n. 附錄；附件10pill n. 藥丸；藥片11fluid n. 流體；液體12needle n. 針；(注射器的)針頭13abortion n.流產(chǎn)；中途失敗14cigar n.雪茄煙.重點單詞寫其形1abuse n&vt. 濫用；虐待2ban vt.n. 縱聯(lián)3 3due adj. 欠款的；預(yù)定的；到期的4tough adj. 困難的；強硬的 5quit_ vt. 停止(做某事)；離開6effect n. 結(jié)果；效力；影響7withdrawal_ n. 收回；撤退；戒毒(或脫癮)過程8lung n. 肺9abnormal adj. 畸形的；異常的10desperate adj. 絕望的；拼命的11male_ adj. 男性的；雄性的n. 男人；雄性動(植)物12female_ adj. 女性的；雌性的n. 雌性的動(植)物；女人13prejudice n. 偏見；成見14judgement n. 看法；判決；判斷15embarrassed_ adj. 尷尬的；陷入困境的16awkward adj. 局促不安的；笨拙的.拓展單詞通其變1stress n壓力；重音vt.加壓力于；使緊張stressful adj.產(chǎn)生壓力的；緊張的stressed adj.焦慮不安的2addicted adj.入了迷的；上了癮的addictive adj.使人上癮的addiction n上癮；沉溺；嗜好addict vt.使上癮 n有癮的人3breathless adj.氣喘吁吁的；屏息的breath n呼吸breathe v呼吸4accustom vt.使習慣于accustomed adj.慣常的；習慣了的5automatic adj.無意識的；自動的automatically adv.無意識地；自動地6mental adj.精神的；智力的mentally adv.精神上；智力上7unfit adj.不健康的；不合適的；不合格的fit adj.健康的；合適的fitness n健康縱聯(lián)48strengthen vt.加強；鞏固；使堅強 vi.變強strength n力氣；力量；強項strong adj.強壯的；結(jié)實的9chemist n藥劑師；化學家chemical adj.化學的 n化學制品chemistry n化學10disappointed adj.失望的；沮喪的disappointing adj.令人失望的disappoint vt.使失望；使掃興disappointment n失望；沮喪11ashamed adj.感到慚愧或羞恥的shame n羞恥；羞愧shameful adj.可恥的；不道德的shameless adj.無恥的；厚顏的12weaken vi.(對某事的決心)動搖；減弱 vt.(使)變?nèi)鮳eak adj.虛弱的weakness n弱點13illegal adj.不合法的；違法的legal adj.合法的14survival n幸存survive v幸存survivor n幸存者15alcohol n酒；酒精alcoholic adj.酒精的縱聯(lián)1.人生歷程嬰兒：baby小孩：kid/child青少年：youth/teenager/adolescent 成人：adult中年人：a middleaged person老年人：senior citizen/the elderly/the aged縱聯(lián)2.性格多變，讓人難以捉摸badtempered 脾氣暴躁的；易怒的sweettempered 性情溫和的kindhearted 好心的openminded 虛心的easygoing 隨和的outgoing 外向的strongwilled 意志堅強的welleducated 受過良好教育的narrowminded 心胸狹窄的縱聯(lián)3.“禁止與允許”家族禁止：ban, forbid, prohibit允許：allow, permit, let縱聯(lián)4.否定前綴un高頻形容詞一覽unfit不合適的unfair不公平的unusual不尋常的 unfriendly不友好的unfortunate不幸的 unfortable不舒服的unimportant不重要的 uncertain不確定的單元話題健康生活子話題1疾病與殘疾disease/illness/sickness n病；疾病stroke n中風 depression n抑郁癥heart attack心臟病 dizziness n頭暈disabled adj.殘疾的 blind adj.瞎的infective adj. 有傳染性的子話題2病因bacterium n細菌 virus n病毒unhealthy adj.不健康的 poisonous adj.有毒的；致命的break down(身體)垮掉 be infected with傳染上子話題3藥物與救護drug n. 藥；藥物 capsule n. (藥)膠囊herb n草藥 tablet n藥片prescription n處方 ward n病房free medical service 公費醫(yī)療be under medical treatment 在治療中relieve the pain 減輕痛苦operate on sb. 給某人動手術(shù)學考對接活學活用高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用1(2014浙江高考閱讀C)Research has shown that natural environments can restore (恢復(fù)) our mental capacities. In Japan, patients are encouraged to “forestbathe”， taking walks through woods to lower their blood pressure.These health benefits apply to the workplace as well. Rachel Kaplan, a professor of environmental psychology, has spent years researching the restorative _ (effect) of natural environments. Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office even simple views of trees and flowers felt their jobs were less _ (stress) and more satisfying.寫出mental在句中的含義：精神的；“身心健康”表達為physical_and_mental_health用effect的適當形式填空：effects用stress的適當形式填空：stressful2(2011湖南高考閱讀B)He was judged unfit to return to sea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war. For as long as I can remember, he had a _ (weaken) heart. Mother said it was caused by the torpedoes. He said it was because of the cigarettes.Whichever, he died suddenly in his early 50s.選出加彩詞在句中的含義：_B_A不健康的B不合適的用weaken的適當形式填空：weak，此處表示“心臟衰竭”高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞匯應(yīng)用(根據(jù)漢語及提示詞補全句子)1(2018天津高考書面表達)我們急切需要你的幫助，因此作為領(lǐng)隊，我真誠地邀請你加入。(desperate)We are_desperately_in_need_of_your_help. So as the group leader, I sincerely invite you to join us. 2(2017全國卷書面表達)我想強調(diào)的是，你能從剪紙中獲得許多樂趣。(stress)What_I_want_to_stress_is_that you can have a lot of fun.(二)課堂重點釋疑1stress n重壓；逼迫；壓力；重音；強調(diào)重要性vt.加壓力于；使緊張；重讀；強調(diào)記牢(1)under stress在壓力之下lay/put stress on sth. 強調(diào)某事物的重要性(2)stress the importance of 強調(diào)的重要性(3)stressful adj. 有壓力的(指物)stressed adj. 有壓力的(指人)練通單句語法填空When under stress, even a most gentle person can be badtempered and get angry easily.Cooperation or teamwork, the importance of which is_stressed (stress), plays an important part in football matches.It is also a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a petitive and stressful (stress) society.Nowadays more and more middle school students are getting stressed (stress) in their studies.一句多譯他強調(diào)了接受良好教育的重要性。He_stressed_the_importance_of_a_good_education. (stress v)He_laid/put_stress_on_a_good_education. (stress n)寫美翻譯句子(2018天津高考書面表達)我想強調(diào)的是我們小組目前正在招納新隊員。What_I_want_to_stress_is_that_our_group_is_looking_for_new_members_right_now._2due adj.欠款的；預(yù)定的；到期的；應(yīng)付的；應(yīng)有的辨清寫出下列句中due的含義The wages due to him will be paid tomorrow.欠款的She is due to make a speech on the economy next week.預(yù)定的The books must be returned before the due date or the kid cannot borrow other books.到期的When it es to giving due respect to the old people, she feels a bit uneasy.應(yīng)有的記牢due to由于；因為；歸因于be due to do sth. 預(yù)定做某事be due to sb. 應(yīng)付給/給予某人be due for sth. 應(yīng)用某物；應(yīng)得到某物練通 單句語法填空A great deal of money is due_to you; please give me your bank account.It is said that the spaceship is due to_arrive (arrive) three days later.寫美補全句子由于疏忽大意造成的錯誤可能帶來嚴重的后果。 Mistakes due_to_carelessness may have serious consequences. 3addicted adj.入了迷的；上了癮的記牢(1)be/get addicted to (doing) sth.沉溺于(做)某事(2)addict oneself to (doing) sth. 沉溺于(做)某事(3)addiction n. 上癮；沉溺；嗜好addiction to 癮(4)addictive adj. 使人上癮的練通單句語法填空Many kids are addicted to surfing (surf) the Net, so they have lost interest in study. Many kids addict themselves to surfing the Net, so they have lost interest in study.I discovered an addiction (addict) to housework which I had never felt before.句型轉(zhuǎn)換(把練習改成分詞短語作狀語)Addicted_to_surfing_the_Net,_many_kids_have_lost_interest_in_study.Addicting_themselves_to_surfing_the_Net,_many_kids_have_lost_interest_in_study.用準“addict; addicted; addiction”等在表示“沉迷于/熱衷于”時，都和介詞to連用。寫美補全句子(2017全國卷書面表達)得知你沉迷于乒乓球，我寫信真誠地邀請你加入我們學校的乒乓球隊。Learning that you_are_addicted_to_table_tennis,_I am writing to sincerely invite you to join the table tennis team in our school.4accustomed adj.經(jīng)常的；慣常的；習慣了的記牢(1)be/get/bee accustomed to (doing) sth.be/get/bee used to (doing) sth.習慣于(做)某事(2)accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth.使某人/自己習慣于(做)某事練通同義替換I am used (accustomed) to getting up early and taking an hours walk before breakfast.單句語法填空Knowing that you are not accustomed to the life here and are considering returning to America, I feel very upset.Accustoming himself to living (live) in the countryside, Mr. King found it hard to live in the city.寫美翻譯句子他很快適應(yīng)了大學里的濃厚的學術(shù)氛圍(strong academic atmosphere)和豐富多彩的活動。He_quickly_got_accustomed/accustomed_himself_to_the_strong_academic_atmosphere_and_colorful_activities_in_the_college.5effect n結(jié)果；效力；影響記牢(1)side effect副作用e into/take effect 生效；見效have an effect on/upon 對產(chǎn)生影響bring/carry/put . into effect 實施；使生效/ 起作用(2)effective adj. 有效的；有影響的練通單句語法填空Reading books of traditional culture can have a good effect on/upon the children.It wont be easy to put the changes into effect, so we must spare no effort to do it.One of the most effective (effect) ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.補全句子The agreement signed between the two panies last week will_e_into/take_effect soon.兩家公司在上周簽訂的這份協(xié)議將很快生效。寫美補全句子(2018北京高考書面表達)我介紹了制茶的歷史，這對幫助他們更好地理解我們的飲茶文化有很大的影響。I introduced the history of teamaking, which_has_a_great_effect_on_them_to_help better understand our teadrinking culture.6ashamed adj.感到慚愧或羞恥的記牢(1)be/feel ashamed of .對感到慚愧/羞恥be ashamed to do sth. 恥于做某事(2)shame n. 慚愧；羞恥；羞愧its a shame/pitywhat a shame/pity真可惜Its a shame/pity that . 真遺憾(3)shameful adj. 可恥的；不道德的練通單句語法填空The parents felt ashamed of their son when he was dismissed by the boss.It is shameful (shame) to break school rules, to be selfish or to make little effort to achieve progress.Its a shame that a good student should do something like that.一句多譯在課堂上，學生們不應(yīng)該恥于向老師問問題。In class, students should not be_ashamed_of_asking_the_teacher_questions.In class, students should not be_ashamed_to_ask_the_teacher_questions. 寫美補全句子讀了上面如此多的媽媽們的抱怨，我感到羞愧和內(nèi)疚。Having read about the above mon plaint from so many mothers, I feel ashamed and guilty. 詞匯過關(guān)綜合訓練 .單詞拼寫1Having abused (濫用) his position as mayor to give jobs to his friends, he is now under investigation.2The project is due (到期的) next month, and I am working seven days a week, often long into the night.3Typically, the preferred sleep cycle is delayed in adolescents(青少年), which leads to many students not feeling sleepy until much later in the evenings.4The virus (病毒) has infected the operating system of his puter.5With the debt problem worsening, it is going to be a tough (艱難的) test for EU to help the country out of trouble.6The woman tried desperately (拼命地)to push the man away when he tried to snatch the bag from her.7The shy girl felt awkward (局促不安的) and unfortable when she could not answer her teachers questions.8This is a hospital for those people who suffer mental (精神的) diseases.單句語法填空1Being_addicted (addict) to puter games can be harmful to you in many ways.2A regular and busy life is wonderful, although its hard and stressful (stress)3Its reported that passengers are banned from eating and drinking on subway trains.4Professor Smith is due to_give (give) us a lecture at eight tomorrow morning.5After living there for one year, they have been accustomed to working (work) there.6I was once ashamed to_admit (admit) my weakness, but now I have no such feeling.7Keeping a diary in English is one of the effective (effect) ways to improve our English.8I was disappointed to_see (see) what had happened.9Doing some exercise earlier in the day should make you feel physically as well as mentally (mental) tired.10Just quit plaining (plain). What matters now is how to get rid of such an embarrassing situation.根據(jù)提示補全句子1英語老師強調(diào)了學好英語的重要性。(stress)The English teacher stressed_the_importance_of_learning_English_well.2在這些地方禁止停車。(ban)People are_banned_from_parking in these places.3布萊克先生由于身體不佳而退出政治(生涯)。(due)Mr Black dropped out of politics due_to_poor_health.4他醉心于拉小提琴，沒有注意到小偷進屋。(addicted)Addicted_to_playing_the_violin,_he didnt notice a thief walk into his house.5我習慣了早起進行晨練。(accustomed)I am_accustomed_to_getting_up_early_for exercise.語境辨義根據(jù)語境選出名詞withdrawal的詞義1You can make withdrawals of up to 250 a day._C_2He got withdrawal symptoms after giving up smoking._D_3They are in favour of the withdrawal of the UN troops from the country._A_4The withdrawal of government aid had a bad effect on the earthquakehit area._B_(一)課前自主學習1due_to 串記1由于；因為2addicted_to 對有癮3accustomed_to 習慣于4decide_on 對作出決定5feel_like_(doing) 想要(做)6in_spite_of 不顧；不管；盡管7take_risks_(a_risk) 冒險8get_into串記2 陷入；染上(壞習慣)9at_risk 串記3 處境危險；遭受危險10out_of_breath 上氣不接下氣同根短語串記串記1.“因為；由于”短語薈萃due to由于；因為thanks to多虧；由于because of由于；因為 on account of由于owing to由于；因為 as a result of由于的結(jié)果串記2.get into 相關(guān)短語面面觀get into debt 負債累累get into trouble 陷入困境get into shape 使身體好起來串記3.“at名詞”構(gòu)成的短語串燒at risk處境危險；遭受危險 at length最后at cost按成本 at present目前；現(xiàn)在at ease安逸；自在 at sea在海上；茫然1the flu virus_ 流感病毒2immune_system_ 免疫系統(tǒng)3chances of survival 生存幾率4bee infected 受感染5in two weeks time 再過兩個禮拜6do damage to 對造成傷害/損傷7feel_badtempered 感到煩躁8on_the Internet 在網(wǎng)上1As_you_know,_if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically. 正如你所知道的，如果你反反復(fù)復(fù)地做同一件事，你就會開始自動地做它。2When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it_was_time_to quit smoking. 當我因為身體不健康而被學校足球隊除名時，我知道該是戒煙的時候了。3I do_hope so because I want you to live as_long_and_healthy_a_life_as I have.我的確希望如此，因為我想讓你能像我一樣活得健康長壽。4. but eventually HIV will damage your immune system so_much_that your body can no longer fight disease.但是最終艾滋病病毒會使你的免疫系統(tǒng)嚴重受損，以致你的身體不能再抵抗疾病。 5Do not share anything else that a person has used while_injecting_drugs. 在注射藥物時，不要使用別人用過的其他任何東西。學考對接活學活用高考采擷(一)閱讀中的短語補全句子1(2015安徽高考完形填空)Our appetite for new products also contributes to the problem. We are_addicted_to_buying_new_things (對買新東西上癮)2(2013天津高考完形填空)Dad is also a living example of real love. From dawn to dusk, he works countless hours to support our family. He always puts our happiness before his own, and never fails to cheer me on at my sports games in_spite_of_ (不管) his exhaustion after long days.用本單元短語升級句中加彩的詞匯3(2009安徽高考閱讀B)Because of the contribution of oxen in their lives, the Chinese people are very grateful to the animal. Due_to4(2009四川高考閱讀B)At first we tried to push on through.We didnt want to move the children out of home, so we camped upstairs.feel_like_moving5(2013安徽高考閱讀B)Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger, but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways. at_risk高考采擷(二)寫作中的句式(補全句子)1(2017北京高考書面表達)正如我們知道的，長江是亞洲最長河流，擁有許多景點。(as引導非限制性定語從句)As_we_know,_the Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and has many attractions. 2(2017全國卷書面表達)我的確希望你能和我一起參觀這個剪紙展覽。(do動詞原形)I_do_hope that you can visit the papercutting exhibition with me. 3(2015北京高考書面表達)他做的面人是如此漂亮，以至于我們迫不及待地想親自試一試。(so .that .)The dough figurine he made was_so_beautiful_that_we couldnt wait to have a try ourselves.4(2013遼寧高考書面表達)人們可以一邊吃月餅一邊賞月，月餅是這個節(jié)日的特殊食品。(狀語從句的省略)People can enjoy the full moon while_eating_mooncakes,_which are the special food for this festival. (二)課堂重點釋疑短語集釋1take risks (a risk)冒險記牢(1)at risk遭受危險；處境危險at the risk of . 冒著的危險run the risk (of doing sth.) 冒險(做某事)put .at risk 讓處于危險之中(2)risk doing sth.冒險做某事；冒的危險練通單句語法填空He was determined to get there even at the risk of his life.The national parks are very important for the protection of these wild animals, which would otherwise run the risk of being extinct.He got wellprepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk losing (lose) the good opportunity.補全句子We do not expect untrained people to take_risks/a_risk.我們不希望未經(jīng)訓練的人去冒險。寫美翻譯句子(2015江蘇高考書面表達)交通問題不僅影響我們的日常生活，而且還使人們的生命處于危險之中。Not_only_does_the_traffic_issue_affect_our_daily_life,_but_it_also_puts_peoples_lives_at_risk.2get into陷入；染上(壞習慣)記牢get into the habit of養(yǎng)成的習慣get across (使)通過；(使)被理解；(把) 講清楚get away 逃脫；離開get over 爬過；越過；克服(困難)；痊愈get through 熬過(困難時期)；通過；接通電話get along with 進展；相處get down to 開始做某事練通單句語法填空Im sorry to hear that you have got into the habit of smoking. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.Looking back on my past few years, friends gave me so much help that I could get over difficulties which I had to face with.After Christmas Im going to get down to some serious jobhunting.寫美補全句子(2018全國卷書面表達)我已經(jīng)養(yǎng)成了打籃球的習慣，因為它一直給我力量來面對生活中的挑戰(zhàn)。I have_got_into_the_habit_of_playing_basketball since it has been giving me strength to face the challenges in my life. 句式集釋教材原句I do_hope_so because I want you to live_as_long_and_healthy_a_life_as I have.1“do動詞原形”的強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)悟拓展例句(1)The baby is generally healthy, but every now and then she does_catch_a_cold.那孩子的健康狀況尚好，但就是偶爾患感冒。(2)Im sorry. I shouldnt have been rude to you.You did_lose_your_temper but thats all right.很抱歉，我不該對你粗魯?shù)?。你確實發(fā)脾氣了，但沒關(guān)系。析用法規(guī)則用法歸納“do/does/did動詞原形”構(gòu)成強調(diào)句，意為“確實；的確”，用來加強謂語動詞的語氣，但須符合以下兩個條件：(1)句子是肯定句；(2)句子的時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時。注意事項在“do/does/did動詞原形”中，動詞原形常常被誤用成其他形式，需要特別注意。背寫作佳句(1)I do cherish the educational opportunity and I always adopt the proverb to serve as a reminder.(要點句)(2)(2015北京高考書面表達)We did hope there would be more meaningful activities in the ing future.(總結(jié)句)2“asadj.a(n)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞as .”結(jié)構(gòu)悟拓展例句(1)Our neighbour has as_big_a_garden_as ours.我們的鄰居有一個和我們一樣大的花園。(2)Youve made as_many_mistakes_as I have.你和我犯了一樣多的錯誤。(3)I can carry_as_much_paper_as you can.我能和你搬動一樣多的紙。(4)In many sports physical fitness is not as_important_as technique. 在許多體育運動中，體能沒有技巧重要。析用法規(guī)則用法歸納(1)asadj.a(n)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞as . (2)as many復(fù)數(shù)名詞as . (3)as much不可數(shù)名詞as . (4)asadj./adv.as .注意事項否定句中“as .as .”結(jié)構(gòu)中第一個as也可換成so。背寫作佳句(1)(2018全國卷書面表達)Playing pingpong is as popular an activity as playing football in our campus. (要點句)(2)The newlybuilt school has as big a plastic track as yours.(要點句)詞塊、句式過關(guān)綜合訓練.選詞填空decide on， get into， be addicted to， be accustomed to， feel like， in spite of， at risk， due to 1If you take the risk of drunk driving, you are at_risk.2In_spite_of great efforts, we failed to carry out our plans through.3I am_accustomed_to listening to some soft music before bed.4Tom feels_like being a cook because he thinks cooking delicious food for others is interesting and happy.5Generally speaking, boys are_addicted_to playing puter games while girls prefer chatting online.6Due_to the fast rhythm of modern life, more and more people are living under great stress.7How do you find Qingdao, Mary?Its a beautiful seaside city. I have decided_on it for my next holiday.8Mr. Bean constantly gets_into awkward and absurd situations, which greatly amuses audiences regardless of their nationalities and culture.根據(jù)提示補全句子1對不起，我的確忘了要告訴你會議的時間了。稍后我將把相關(guān)信息告訴你。(do動詞原形)Sorry! I did_forget_to_tell you about the time of the meeting.Ill tell you the information mentioned later.2這個小伙子希望和他爺爺一樣過儉樸的生活。asadj.a(n)n.asThe young man hopes to live as_simple_a_life_as his grandpa.3正如你們許多年齡足夠大的人記得的那樣，披頭士樂隊來自利物浦。(as引導的非限制性定語從句)The Beatles, as_many_of_you_are_old_enough_to_remember,_came from Liverpool.4是說再見的時候了，是回憶我們一起度過的那些美好時光的時候了。(its time to .)Its_time_to_say_goodbye. Its_time_to_recall those beautiful days we spent together. .概要寫作閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Each day is a new chapter in your life, no matter where you start or how you begin. You are writing your lifes story. It has all the possibilities you can imagine or you havent thought of yet. We are so eager to reach these possibilities that we sometimes forget to love today.Loving today just as it is isnt easy. Many of us are not where we want to be. We are not seeing things e as quickly as we wish. We are in a hurry to get somewhere in our future. We have to first learn to love today just as it is. We also need to learn to stop plaining about where we are right now. We need to change the way we see today, and look for all of the great things that exist in the present.Even if the circumstances are not ideal or our present place is far away from where we want to be, we must have gratitude for where we are right now and find