Unit 2 Working the land(一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí).閱讀單詞知其意1statistic n數(shù)據(jù)；統(tǒng)計；統(tǒng)計數(shù)字；統(tǒng)計資料2sunburnt adj. 曬黑的3super adj. 特級的；超級的4output n. 產(chǎn)量；輸出5circulate vt.&vi. 循環(huán)；流傳6grain n. 谷物；糧食；顆粒7occupation n. 工作；職業(yè)；占領(lǐng)8personality n. 性格；個性；人格9organic adj. 有機(jī)的；器官的；組織的10fertile adj. 肥沃的；富饒的11fertilizer n. 肥料；化肥12bacteria n(bacterium的復(fù)數(shù)形式)細(xì)菌13nutrition n. 營養(yǎng)；滋養(yǎng)；食物14pest n. 害蟲；害獸；害鳥15mineral n. 礦物；礦石16skim vt. 瀏覽；略讀17underline vt. 畫底線標(biāo)出；強(qiáng)調(diào)18industrial adj. 工業(yè)的；產(chǎn)業(yè)的19chemical adj. 化學(xué)的；關(guān)于化學(xué)的20battle n. 戰(zhàn)役；戰(zhàn)斗；較量；斗爭vt.&vi. 搏斗；奮斗.重點單詞寫其形1decade n. 十年；十年期 2soil n. 土壤3summary n. 總結(jié)；摘要；概要4regret vt. 遺憾；惋惜n. 遺憾；懊悔5ment n.vi.&vt.縱聯(lián)1 6focus n. 焦點；中心點vt. 集中；聚焦7therefore adv.縱聯(lián)2 因此；所以；因而8reduce vt. 減少；減縮 9.struggle vi.&n. 斗爭；拼搏；努力10expand vt.&vi.縱聯(lián)3 使變大；伸展.拓展單詞通其變1hunger n饑餓；欲望vt.&vi.(使)饑餓hungry adj.饑餓的；渴望得到的2export vt.&vi.輸出；出口import vt.&vi.輸入；進(jìn)口縱聯(lián)43discovery n發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺discover vt.發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺discoverer n發(fā)現(xiàn)者4equip vt.&vi.配備；裝備equipment n設(shè)備(不可數(shù))5confuse vt.使迷惑；使為難confusing adj.令人迷惑的confused adj.感到迷惑的confusion n迷惑；困惑6nationality n國籍nation n國家；民族national adj.民族的縱聯(lián)57disturbing adj.引起煩惱的；令人不安的disturb v打擾；妨礙；使不安disturbed adj.煩惱的；不安的8freedom n自由；自主free adj.自由的縱聯(lián)1.紛紛發(fā)表“評論”ment評論；議論remark評論review回顧；復(fù)習(xí)；評論 criticism批評statement聲明；陳述 announcement聲明；通告縱聯(lián)2.“因此”需記住therefore adv.因此；所以 so conj.因此；所以thus adv.因此；于是 as a result結(jié)果；因此consequently adv.所以；因此as a consequence因此；結(jié)果縱聯(lián)3.“擴(kuò)大；擴(kuò)展”方式多變expand使變大；伸展 enlarge擴(kuò)大；放大spread拓展；蔓延；傳播 extend延伸；擴(kuò)大broaden使變寬；擴(kuò)展 widen加寬；使擴(kuò)大縱聯(lián)4.以ex為前綴的動詞export輸出；出口 express表達(dá)exchange交換；兌換 exhaust使筋疲力盡exhibit陳列；展覽 excuse原諒縱聯(lián)5.以ity結(jié)尾的名詞一覽nationality國籍 quantity數(shù)量quality質(zhì)量 curiosity好奇心ability能力 prosperity繁榮personality性格；個性；人格單元話題個人情況(2)子話題1個人品質(zhì)virtue n美德；品行dignity n. 尊貴；高尚mean adj. 小氣的generous adj. 慷慨大方的reliable adj. 可信賴的；可依靠的determined adj. 堅定的；有決心的shallow adj. 膚淺的；淺的considerate adj. 考慮周到的confident adj. 自信的；確信的diligent adj. 勤奮的strongwilled adj. 意志堅強(qiáng)的merciful adj. 仁慈的子話題2智力與能力intelligence n. 智力；才智；智慧disability n. 殘疾；無能intelligent adj. 聰明的；明智的talented adj. 有才能的outstanding adj. 杰出的creative adj. 創(chuàng)造性的capable adj. 有能力的；有才能的學(xué)考對接活學(xué)活用高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用1(2018江蘇高考完形填空)Wild camping is illegal in England. To avoid being caught, the Winns had to get their tent up late and packed it away early in the morning. The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot harder than they remember it was in their 20s.Raynor ached all over and desired a bath. Moth, meanwhile, after an initial struggle， found his symptoms were strangely (reduce) by their daily tiring journey.寫出加彩詞在本單元中的同根名詞：discovery寫出struggle在句中的含義：掙扎用reduce的適當(dāng)形式填空：reduced2(2016四川高考閱讀C)“I have a special love for the French Guianese people. I have worked there on and off for almost ten years，” says Gin. “Ive been able to keep firm friendships with them. Thus I have been allowed to gain access to their living environment. I dont see it as a lawless land. But rather I see it as an area of (free)”用本單元的詞匯替換加彩詞：a_decade;_decade表示“十年”，decades意為數(shù)十年寫出加彩詞在本單元中的同義詞：therefore用free的適當(dāng)形式填空：freedom高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞匯(根據(jù)漢語及提示詞翻譯句子)1(2018全國卷書面表達(dá))因為我們學(xué)校新體育館配備了現(xiàn)代化的設(shè)施，因此我們可以在體育館里舉辦各種各樣的活動。(equip)As_our_new_stadium_is_equipped_with_modern_facilities,_we_can_organize_a_variety_of_activities_in_it.2(2013四川高考書面表達(dá))如果我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那些材料有趣，我們的注意力就會長時間集中在它們身上。(focus)If_we_find_those_materials_interesting,_well_focus_our_attention_on_them_for_a_long_time. (二)課堂重點釋疑1struggle vi.&n.斗爭；拼搏；努力；掙扎記牢struggle for 為而斗爭struggle with 與斗爭；與并肩作戰(zhàn)struggle against 為反對而斗爭；與斗爭struggle to do sth. 努力做某事struggle to ones feet 掙扎著站起來練通單句語法填空At present, China has to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad.Workers are struggling for a clean canteen and healthy food.Helen Keller became deaf and blind when she was 19 months old, but she never gave up and struggled to_lead (lead) an active life. 寫美句式升級Mary had struggled for months to find a job, and finally took a position at a local advertising agency.Having_struggled_for_months_to_find_a_job,_Mary finally took a position at a local advertising agency.(分詞作狀語)2equip vt.&vi.裝備；配備記牢(1)equip .with .用裝備be equipped with 配備著equip sb./sth. for 為而武裝某人；為而裝備某物be equipped to do sth. 能夠勝任做某事(2)equipment n. 裝備；設(shè)備(不可數(shù)名詞)a piece of equipment 一件裝備練通單句語法填空It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to_speak (speak)In addition, they spend money on fishing equipment (equip), fuel and boat repairs.We want our son to have a good education that will equip him for future life. 用準(zhǔn)(1)短語be equipped with常用過去分詞作狀語。(2)牢記equipment是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。寫美句式升級He is equipped with much experience in teaching, so he is well respected by all his students.Equipped_with_much_experience_in_teaching,_he is well respected by all his students.(過去分詞作狀語)Equipping_himself_with_much_experience_in_teaching,_he is well respected by all his students.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)3confuse vt.使迷惑；使為難；使混亂；混淆記牢(1)confuse .with/and .混淆；辨別不清be confused by 被弄混；糊涂(2)confused adj. 困惑的；煩惱的confusing adj. 令人費(fèi)解的；使人困惑的confusion n. 困惑練通單句語法填空I always confuse John with/and his brother; they are so much alike.I would often get confused (confuse) when I came across new words with a similar spelling.There was a confused look on his face when he met with a confusing problem.(confuse)To avoid confusion (confuse), please write the childrens names clearly on all their school clothes.寫美補(bǔ)全句子(2018江蘇高考書面表達(dá))例如，有大量的參考書，我經(jīng)常會對選擇感到困惑。For example, there are huge amounts of reference books which I am often confused to choose from.4regret vt.遺憾；惋惜；可惜；后悔n.遺憾；懊悔記牢(1)regret 后悔做了某事regret to do sth. 對要做的事情感到遺憾regret that . 很遺憾(委婉表示不能做某事)(2)with great regret 非常遺憾have no regrets 沒有遺憾to ones regret 令某人抱歉/遺憾的是練通單句語法填空Li Ping did not regret giving/having_given (give) the ment but felt that she could have expressed it differently.Much to our regret, we will not be able to visit you next year.寫美一句多譯我很遺憾地告訴你我不能在約定的時間和你去北京了。I_regret_to_tell_you that I cant travel to Beijing together with you at the appointed time.(regret vt.)Much_to_my_regret/To_my_great_regret,_I cant travel to Beijing together with you at the appointed time.(regret n)It_is_with_great_regret_that I tell you that I cant travel to Beijing together with you at the appointed time.(regret n；強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)5focus n焦點；中心點vt.集中；聚焦記牢(1)focus on集中于focus ones attention/eyes/energy on 集中注意力/目光/精力于(2)the focus of . 的焦點/中心練通單句語法填空(2018全國卷)Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions.With his attention focused (focus) on his homework, he forgot all about what I had told him.With so many people focusing (focus) their eyes on him, he felt very nervous. 寫美翻譯句子這表明當(dāng)今社會的一個普遍現(xiàn)象：孩子是家庭的中心，承載著父母的希望。It_shows_a_mon_phenomenon_nowadays_that_children_are_the_focus_of_families,_shouldering_the_hope_of_their_parents.詞匯過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練 .單詞拼寫1The past decade (十年) has seen a huge rise in the number of puter owners.2The scientist has been trying to increase the output (產(chǎn)量) of rice to meet peoples demands.3Each of us is equal in the world in spite of his or her sex, religion or nationality (國籍)4It is known that a chemical (化學(xué)的) change will take place when a candle is burned.5The number of people suffering from heart disease will be greatly reduced (減少) if they are persuaded to eat more fruit and vegetables.6Health and environmental problems have increasingly bee the focus (焦點) of attention.7Every year, India exports (出口) a lot of tea and cotton to many different countries.8She has had much food high in fibre recently. Therefore (因此), she bees slim.9This disturbing (令人不安的) news really upset me so that I couldnt sleep well.10We should equip (裝備) our students with wide knowledge so that they can do more for the country when they grow up.單句語法填空1(2017北京高考)She asked her mother why he did that, and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry (hunger)2We should help those who are still struggling for freedom.3The government calls on the public to go to work by bicycle instead of by car to_reduce (reduce) air pollution.4Id appreciate it if you could make helpful ments on/about my work.5Its disturbing (disturb) that I cant get along well with my new neighbour.6Confused (confuse) by the question, the boy turned to his teacher for further explanation.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子1我們很遺憾地通知您，您的申請未通過。(regret)We regret_to_inform_you_that your application has not been successful.2當(dāng)別的孩子在玩耍時，很難想象一個學(xué)生能集中精力在課本上。(focus)It is hard to imagine a student focusing_his_attention_on_the_textbook while other children are playing.3如果你想減肥，請盡量減少飲食中的脂肪含量。(reduce)If you want to lose weight, please_try_to_reduce_the_amount_of_fat in your diet.語境辨義根據(jù)語境選出hunger的詞性和詞義1The child was weak from hunger and almost fell._A_2As is known to us, the whole world hungers for peace._C_3Nothing seems to satisfy his hunger for knowledge._B_(一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí)1thanks_to 幸虧；由于；因為2rid_._of 使擺脫或除去3be_satisfied_with串記1 對感到滿意4would_rather 寧愿；寧可5build_up 逐漸增強(qiáng)；建立；開發(fā)6lead_to 導(dǎo)致；造成(后果)7focus_on 串記2 集中(注意力、精力等)于8be_rich_in 盛產(chǎn)；富含9keep_.free_from/of 串記3 使免受(影響、傷害等)； 使不含(有害物)10in_addition 另外同根短語串記串記1.“beadj.with”高頻短語集錦be satisfied with 對滿意be content with 對滿意be pleased with 對滿意be familiar with 對熟悉be bored with 對厭煩be busy with 忙于be popular with 受歡迎be patient with 對耐心be strict with 對嚴(yán)格要求串記2.“集中注意力”聚焦focus on 集中注意力于be absorbed in 全神貫注于pay attention to 注意concentrate on 集中精力于fix ones attention on 集中注意力于put ones heart into 全神貫注于串記3.各有各的自由(free)keep .free from/of 使免受(影響、傷害等)； 使不含(有害物)as free as a bird 自由自在free and easy 自由自在的set free 釋放for free 免費(fèi)1mean little to sb.對某人來說無意義2make a difference 有關(guān)系；有影響3wash off 將洗掉；洗凈4turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向；向求助5care about 關(guān)心；在乎6lead a fortable life 過著舒適的生活7with the hope of 抱有的希望8cause damage to 給造成損害1If_so,_what did you do to grow them?如果是這樣的話，你怎樣來種植這些植物？2In 1973, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to_grow_rice that has a high output.1973年，他成為世界上第一位種植高產(chǎn)水稻的農(nóng)業(yè)先驅(qū)。3This special strain of rice makes_it_possible_to_produce 20% more of the crop in the same fields.這種特殊的稻種使得同樣的田地多收獲20%的產(chǎn)量。4He would_much_rather_keep time for his hobbies.他寧愿把時間花在自己的愛好上。學(xué)考對接活學(xué)活用高考采擷(一)閱讀中的短語(補(bǔ)全句子)1(2017全國卷閱讀D)Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and wellbeing among older people, leading_to (導(dǎo)致；造成) them being more isolated (隔絕) and inactive.2(2014全國卷閱讀D)Thanks_to (多虧) digital technology and the widely available Internet, Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech munities.高考采擷(二)寫作中的句式(翻譯句子)1(2017全國卷書面表達(dá))你愿意加入我們校乒乓球隊嗎？如果愿意，請盡快給我發(fā)郵件。(if so)Would_you_like_to_join_our_school_table_tennis_team？If_so,_please_email_me_as_soon_as_possible.2(2015全國卷書面表達(dá))我們更喜歡自己動手包美味的餃子而不是給老人們買一些。(would rather .than .)We_would_rather_make_delicious_dumplings_with_our_own_hands_than_buy_some_for_the_elderly.(二)課堂重點釋疑短語集釋1build up逐漸增強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)的體質(zhì)；建立；開發(fā)；積累辨清寫出下列句中build up的含義To learn a language well you must build up a useful vocabulary.積累His confidence built up gradually as he gained more and more experience in teaching.逐漸增強(qiáng)You ought to take more sports after school so as to build up your strength.增強(qiáng)的體質(zhì)Therefore, lets take the responsibility to build up a lowcarbon city by riding bicycles.建立記牢pick up撿起；(無意中)學(xué)會；接收；搭載take up 拿起；開始；從事；占據(jù)(時間或空間)make up 虛構(gòu)；彌補(bǔ)；組成break up 分裂；打碎；結(jié)束；解體；分手；放假練通選用以上短語填空A neighbour downstairs asked for the music to be turned down and the party broke_up.It didnt take me long to pick_up the basic knowledge of the language.I must get rid of this large table it takes_up too much room.There are more than two million farmers, making_up two thirds of the total population of the province.寫美翻譯句子積極參加體育和戶外活動確實有助于強(qiáng)身健體和豐富我們的學(xué)校生活。Taking_an_active_part_in_sports_and_outdoor_activities_is_really_helpful_to_build_up_our_body_and_enrich_our_school_life.2lead to導(dǎo)致；造成(后果)；通向記牢lead sb.to do sth.使某人做某事lead sb. to/into someplace 帶領(lǐng)某人進(jìn)入某地lead/live a . life 過的生活lead the way 引路；帶路練通單句語法填空As the old saying goes, “All roads lead to Rome.” In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to_practice (practice) speaking English in an interesting way.The discovery of new evidence led to the thiefs being_caught (catch)用準(zhǔn)(1)lead to中的to是介詞，后接名詞、代詞或v.ing形式。(2)表示“導(dǎo)致”的短語還有：result in, contribute to, bring about, account for等。寫美一句多譯眾所周知，成功在于努力，而懶惰導(dǎo)致失敗。As we all know, success lies in hard work while_laziness_leads_to_failure.(lead)As we all know, success lies in hard work while_laziness_results_in_failure.(result) 句式集釋1if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的省略形式教材原句If_so,_what did you do to grow them?悟拓展例句(1)If_so,_please respond to me as quickly as possible.如果是這樣的話，請盡快給我回信。(2)If_possible,_try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.如果可能的話，嘗試每天都在同一時間睡覺和起床。(3)(2014福建高考)The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, if_ever,_reaching 30 in summer.這里的氣候非常宜人，氣溫，如果有的話，在夏天很少達(dá)到30攝氏度。析用法規(guī)則if so為“if it is so”的省略形式，if為連詞，so指代上文的內(nèi)容，意為“如果是這樣的話”，表示肯定意義；如果表示否定意義，則用if not。if ever 如果有過/發(fā)生過的話if any 如果有的話if possible 如果可能的話if necessary 如果有必要的話背寫作佳句(1)(2018全國卷書面表達(dá))Im Li Hua. Im wondering if you are available at the weekend. If so, lets have a facetoface talk about Chinese table manners.(要點句)(2)If the steps you take are working, keep it up. If not, take another look at other methods you could try.(要點句)2would rather do sth.“寧愿做某事”教材原句He would_much_rather_keep_time for his hobbies.悟拓展例句(1)Nowadays more and more people would_rather_not_live in big cities.現(xiàn)在越來越多的人寧愿不住在大城市里。(2)簡是一個文靜的女孩，她寧愿待在圖書館也不愿去看電影。Jane is a quiet girl, who would rather stay (stay) in the library than go to see a movie.Jane is a quiet girl, who prefers to_stay (stay) in the library rather than go to see a movie.Jane is a quiet girl, who prefers staying (stay) in the library to going to see a movie.(3)She would rather you came (e) tomorrow than today.(4)I would rather you had_finished (finish) your homework yesterday.析用法規(guī)則用法歸納(1)would rather (not) do sth.意為“寧愿(不)做”(3)would rather that主語did sth.表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼奶摂M(4)would rather that主語had done sth.表示對過去的虛擬注意事項(1)使用would rather . than .句型時要注意平行結(jié)構(gòu)，即than的前后要用兩個同類的詞或詞組，如兩個名詞、兩個介詞短語等。(2)牢記would rather 后跟that從句要用虛擬語氣。背寫作佳句(1)To live a low carbon life, some people would rather ride a bike than drive a car to work.(要點句)(2)I stayed at home last night, but Id rather I had gone to the theatre with my friends.(要點句)詞塊、句式過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練 .選詞填空1Thanks_to their support, we were able to finish our work in time.2Im sure that modern medical technology will rid us of this terrible disease.3He learned later that it was his carelessness that led_to his failure in the exam.4Mr. Brown works hard to keep his families free_from worries in their life. 5All of us were_satisfied_with the perfect service of the restaurant after we had dinner there. 6Taking exercise helps us build_up our body and keep a clear mind.補(bǔ)全句子1這個周日你有空嗎？如果有，我們?nèi)ヒ盃I吧。Will you be free this Sunday？If_so,_lets go camping.2(2018全國卷書面表達(dá))更重要的是，老人是第一個品嘗美食的人，因為在中國老人受到尊重。Most importantly, the elderly are the_first_to_taste_the_delicious_food because they are well respected in China.3集中精力到一個任務(wù)上，直到它被完成再去做下一個任務(wù)。Focus_on_one_task_until_its_done,_then move to the next.4不是坐公共汽車去，我寧愿走著去那里。Rather_than take a bus, I would_walk there.5我明確向你表示過，在聚會上你應(yīng)該舉止得體。I made_it_clear_to_you_that you should behave yourself at the party.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個完整的故事。We have a pit_bull (比特犬)We found him a few weeks ago, walking along the road in a rural area. He was jumping on cars, and we thought maybe his family was camping somewhere nearby, so we passed him by. A few hours later, on our return trip, he was still in the same place, again, trying to get folks to stop for him. When he saw us, he lay_down in the middle of the road, so we were unable to get around him.We stopped the car and looked around for a few minutes, trying to figure_out if anyone was around from whom he was separated. It didnt appear so. Then we took a good look at the_dog. He had no collar and he was really thin. We decided he was abandoned. My_husband said, “If he doesnt bite me when I try to pick him up to put him in the car, then we have a new dog.” The dog happily joined us with no fight at all.The only thing we were in_danger_of was getting licked (舔) to death. He kept sticking his head between the two front seats and thanking us for picking him up.The dog was clearly on the road for some time. He was extremely under weight. He was covered in scars_and_new_wounds. We have guessed that some of the scars were from when he was on the road. We were thinking possible fights with coyotes (土狼), but he also looks as though he was used for fighting other dogs. We figured his incredibly sweet personality was the reason he was abandoned. He can not have been a good fighting dog.So, we fed him a lot over the course of the next two weeks and he gained over twenty pounds.注意：1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2至少使用5個短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語；3續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；4續(xù)寫完成后，請用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語。Paragraph 1：We took him to the vet， 寫作步驟第一步：速讀全文文本大意：文章講述了一只被人遺棄的比特犬如何成為作者家里的一員的故事。他們在鄉(xiāng)村旅行時，發(fā)現(xiàn)一只狗躺在路中間不肯挪開。這只狗沒有頸圈，瘦骨嶙峋，顯然被人遺棄有一段時間了。最后作者一家收留了這只性情溫順的狗。敘述意圖：文章告訴我們要善待動物、尊重生命。第二步：細(xì)讀全文1所給短文情景模式分析。whopit bull, my husband, wewhatA dog lay down in the middle of the road and we picked him up.whena few weeks agowherealong the road in a rural areawhyThe dog was abandoned.2對原文所提供的下劃線詞語進(jìn)行分類。人物/動物：pit bull, the dog, my husband 事件：in danger of, scars and new wounds, sweet動作與心理描寫：lay down, figure out, abandon, fight第三步：精心謀篇1Paragraph 1：We took him to the vet，我們把他帶到了獸醫(yī)那里，情節(jié)分析由續(xù)寫首句提供的信息以及全文的意思可知下文應(yīng)說明獸醫(yī)診斷的結(jié)果如何，采取了哪些措施，然后描寫之后小狗發(fā)生的變化。2Paragraph 2：Now we all love the dog very much. He once helped save me from trouble.如今我們都十分喜歡這只狗。有一次，他幫助我脫離險境。情節(jié)分析由所給首句內(nèi)容可知下文要說明這只狗是如何幫助作者脫離險境的，進(jìn)而使作者一家更加喜歡它，最后它成了作者家庭的一員。第四步：初寫成文Paragraph 1：1我們帶他