第14練 閱讀理解 完型填空 語法填空 短文改錯.閱讀理解(2018山西三區(qū)八校二模)Ithasbecomeacertainbeliefamongthepublicdrinkatleasteightglassesofwateradaytoimprovehealthandwellbeing.Bottledwatercompaniesoftenrepeatittoincreasetheirsalesbutitisactuallyasillyidea.Thereisnoevidencetoprovetheadvantagesofdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday，scientistssay.Themisunderstandingiscausedfromthesuggestionthatadultsshoulddrink2.5litersofwaterdaily，whichwasstressedbytheBritishMedicalJournalinDecember.Theimportantpartofthesuggestionisthatmostofthisquantityofwateriscontainedinpreparedfoods，which，however，isusuallyignored.USresearcherswhoreviewedtheevidenceconcludedthatmostpeopledonotneedtoworryabouttheamountofwatertheydrinkeveryday.Besidesdrinkingwater，theywillbegettingplentyofliquidinotherways.Caffeinateddrinkssuchastea，coffeeandcolaandalcoholcanhelpreachthedailytotaliftheydontdrinktoomuch，thoughthesedrinkshelptheproductionofurine(尿)Lesswellknownarethedangersofdrinkingtoomuchwater，causingwaterpoisoning，lowsaltlevelsandevendeath.ThereviewofresearchbyDanNegoianu，fromtheUniversityofPennsylvania，foundthatnotasinglestudyincludedthesuggestionofdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday.Althoughonesmallstudysuggestedthatdrinkingwatercouldresultinfewerheadaches，theresultswerenotveryimportant.However，thebenefitsofdrinkingsomewatertopreventapaininheadafterdrinkingtoomuchalcoholare，separately，provedtobetrue.Nostudiesshowedanyadvantagestothecoloroftheskinbecauseoftheincreasedwatertakenintobodies.Dehydration(脫水)canmakeskinlesspleasant，buttherewasnoclearevidencetosupporttheideathatwaterhelpspeoplekeepayouthfulappearance.Theresearchersalsofoundnoevidencethatdrinkinglotsofwaterdoessomegoodtothebodysorgans.1Fromthepassage，weknowthatthesuggestionaboutdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday.AcausessomeseriousdiseasesBhasenoughscientificevidencetosupportitCismisunderstoodbypeopleinfactDwaspublishedbytheBritishMedicalJournal2Fromthepassagewelearnthatmanypeopledontknowthat.AtheproductionofurinecancausewatertoloseBhealthcanbeimprovedbydrinkingplentyofwaterCbetterskincanresultfromtheintakeofmuchwaterDcaffeinateddrinkscanprovidethewaterpeopleneed3Whatcanbeprovedaboutdrinkingalotofwateraccordingtothepassage?AReducingthebadinfluenceofdrinkingalcohol.BHelpingtokeepyouthfullooks.CMakingthebodysorgansstronger.DCausingbadheadaches.4Thewritersmainpurposeofwritingthispassageisto.ApersuadepeopletodrinkdifferentkindsofwaterBtellpeopledrinkingmuchwaterisnotashealthyasisconsideredCwarnpeopleofthedangerofdrinkingmuchwaterDhelppeoplerealizetheimportanceofdrinkingenoughwatereveryday.完形填空(2018江西新余二模)Overtheyears，thankstomylifesobstacles，Iunderstoodthemeaningoffaithandthestrongwilltosurvive.ItwasHurricaneIkethatmademefully5thebeautyofourstrengthandahumansmotivationto6.Momhadatwoweek7insummer.WhileweenjoyedourholidayinSoutheastTexas，wedidntrealizethefactthatIke8causemonthsandlikelyyearsof“l(fā)abor”BySeptember7th，the“eyesofTexas”werewatchingHurricaneIkemore9，makingthetypicalmadrushforlastminutehurricane10.Twodayslater，bothoilandicewerein11demand.IntheearlyhoursofSeptember11th，someneighborswereplanningto12thestormintheirhomes，13othersweremakingfinalpreparationstogetaway.Atfirst，wedecidedtostay.Butthatafternoon，theHoustonGalvestonareawouldbeonthemore14sideofthestorm.MomandIpackedsomeofourmost15belongingsinthecarand16theEastTexastownofLufkin.AsIkepushedfartherinland，we17powerinLufkin.OnSunday，ournextdoorneighbortoldusviacellphonethatour18hadremainedwell.Ourhopescouldnothavebeen19.Butafewhourslater，theneighborsreportedthatourbrickchimneyhad20，anditwassittingonourlivingroom，21aholeintheroofbetweentwoskylights(天窗)Wewouldntbeallowedtoreturnhome22September17th.Iclimbedupstairs，andlookedtowardtheholeintheroofwhichshowedabeautifulbluesky.Withouthesitation，Ishouted，“Wow! Athirdskylight！”MyneighborscouldnotbelieveIwasmakingjokes23crying，but24isalwaysgoodmedicine.ItwaswiththatjokethatIknew，giventime，everythingwouldbeokay.5A.observeBexploreCappreciateDimprove6A.recoverBapologizeCworkDchange7A.meetingBjourneyCscheduleDvacation8A.mustBmightCwouldDshould9A.closelyBconstantlyCwarninglyDdifferently10A.adventureBsuppliesCequipmentDreports11A.basicBpureCneatDhigh12A.putawayBgetthroughCtestoutDsufferfrom13A.sinceBwhenCwhileDuntil14A.awesomeBabundantCpeacefulDdangerous15A.preciousBconcreteCavailableDpotential16A.setoutBheadedforCsettleddownDwatchedout17A.lostBreducedCproducedDprovided18A.gardenBpoolChouseDyard19A.clearerBhigherClowerDwilder20A.passedBstoodCfollowedDgone21A.diggingBfillingCleavingDkicking22A.byBbeforeCafterDuntil23A.inspiteofBinsteadofCapartfromDintermsof24A.laughterBwillCstrengthDfaith.語法填空Doyouknow25.astorygetsintothenewspaper？Hereisanexample.Imaginethatacitybushasturnedoverinaditch，injuringsomeofthepassengers.Aneyewitnesscallsthenewspaper.Thenareporterissenttothescene，at26.hetalkstopassengers，driverandwitnesses.Hefindsoutwhattheysaw,27.(set) downtheiranswersorcomments.Meanwhile，a28.(profession) photographerisbusytakingpictures.Manyreportersuseportablecomputerswhichallowthem29.(write) thestoryonthespotandthensenditbacktotheoffice.Next，aneditorconcentrates30.thestory，checkingfacts，grammarandspelling.Atthesametime，apictureischosen.Thestoryissetinprint.Onmostnewspaperstoday，this31.(do) withacomputer.Thecomputermakessetsofcolumnsoftype，whicharepassedontoasheetofpaper32.(exact) thesamesizeasanewspaperpage.Onlyafteraproofreaderchecksthestoryformistakes33.(be) thenewspaperreadyforprinting.Thenthepresses(印刷機) begintorun.Milesofpaperareturnedintothousandsof34.(print) newspapers.Theyarecountedandplacedinwaitingtrucks.Withinafewhours，peoplecanreadaboutthebusaccidentintheirdailynewspaper.短文改錯(2018四川南充一診)Theenvironmentpollutionwasmoreandmoreserioustoday.Wehavenocleanwatertodrinkitbecauseofwaterpollution.Andwhentreescutdown，someanimalsdisappear.Thereismoreandmoredirtysmokeintheair.Peopleshealthhasbeengreataffectedbyair，noiseandwaterpollution.Manypeoplehavediedofdiseasescausingbypollution.Inordertolivethebetterlife，itstimeforustoprotectourworld.Weshouldrecycle，reduceandreusethings，whatsavesmoneyandreducespollution.Usethingssolongaspossible.Dontuseplasticbag.Besides，wemustplantmoretreesandstoppeoplecuttingitdown.Wehopeourworldwillbemoreandmorebeautiful.答案解析.語篇解讀本文介紹了一項新的研究結果：人們“每天喝八杯水來保持健康”是一種誤導性的認識，沒有證據(jù)表明“每天喝八杯水”有什么好處，相反飲水過多會導致水中毒、低鹽甚至死亡。1C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“There is no evidence to prove the advantages of drinking eight glasses of water a day，scientists say.”科學家說沒有證據(jù)來證明“每天喝八杯水”的好處，可知選C。2D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Besides drinking water，they will be getting plenty of liquid in other ways.Caffeinated drinks such as tea，coffee and cola and alcohol can help reach the daily total.”除了喝水，他們還能用很多其他方式得到大量的液體，諸如茶、咖啡、可樂及酒等含咖啡因的飲料能幫助人們達到日常所需的總量可知選D。3A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“However，the benefits of drinking some water to prevent a pain in head after drinking too much alcohol are，separately，proved to be true.”可知，飲酒過多之后喝一些水可以防止頭疼卻被證明是真的。故答案為A。4B主旨大意題。本文在第一段點出主題：“Bottled water companies often repeat it to increase their sales but it is actually a silly idea.There is no evidence to prove the advantages of drinking eight glasses of water a day，scientists say.”，下文進行了具體的介紹。故選B。.語篇解讀作者通過講述颶風Ike來臨前人們的準備和颶風走后的情況，告訴讀者笑是一劑良藥。給點兒時間，一切都會變好的。5C從上文的“Over the years，thanks to my lifes obstacles(障礙)”，可知，是颶風Ike讓我充分領略了我們的力量之美和人類恢復的動力。observe觀察；explore 探索；appreciate欣賞，感激；improve提高。故選C。6A颶風之后，人們會盡量恢復。recover恢復；apologize道歉；work工作；change改變。故選A。7D根據(jù)下句“While we enjoyed our holiday”可知，夏天媽媽有兩個星期的假期。meeting會議；journey旅行；schedule時刻表；vacation假期。故選D。8C我們在德克薩斯東南部度假的時候，我們沒有意識到Ike將會導致幾個月可能幾年的勞動。must必須；might可能；would將會；should應該。故選C。9A“eyes of Texas”更密切地觀察颶風Ike。closely密切地；constantly連續(xù)地；warningly警告地；differently不同地。故選A。10B從下一句中的“Two days later，both oil and ice were in demand.”可知，人們?yōu)榈钟Z風在做典型的最后一分鐘瘋狂購買供應品。adventure冒險；supply供給；equipment設備；report報告。故選B。11D根據(jù)上一句中的關鍵詞mad rush for可知人們的購買程度。所以兩天后，油和冰都需求量很高。basic基本的；pure純的；neat整潔的；high高的。故選D。12B根據(jù)題后的“the storm in their homes”可知，一些鄰居計劃在家里度過風暴。put away收好，儲存；get through接通，度過；test out檢驗；suffer from遭受。故選B。13C根據(jù)上文中的some neighbors和該空后的others可知，此處是兩種人的不同做法。since自從；when當時候；while然而；until 直到。然而，其他的人在做最后的準備離開，這里表示對比，故選C。14D根據(jù)上文的“At first，we decided to stay.”以及表示轉折意義的but可知HoustonGalveston地區(qū)將處于風暴的更危險的地帶。awesome可怕的；abundant大量的；peaceful寧靜的； dangerous危險的。故選D。15A根據(jù)常識可知：危難關頭肯定只帶貴重物品，所以，媽媽和我收拾了一些最重要的物品。precious珍貴的；concrete具體的；available可獲得的；potential有潛力的。故選A。16B句意為：前往德克薩斯州東邊的Lufkin小鎮(zhèn)。set out出發(fā)；head for前往；settle down定居下來；watch out當心。故選B。17Alose失去；reduce減少；produce制作；provide提供。隨著Ike深入內陸，我們在Lufkin時停電了，故選A。18Cgarden花園；pool水池；house房子；yard院子。星期天，我們的隔壁鄰居通過電話告訴我們，我們的房子還在。故選C。19Bclearer更清楚；higher更高的；lower更低的；wilder更野蠻的。我們不會期望更高了，故選B。20Dpass通過；stand站；follow跟隨；go消失。幾小時后，鄰居通知我們的煙囪沒有了，故選D。21Cdig挖；fill填滿；leave離開，遺留；kick踢。在兩個天窗之間留了一個洞，故選C。22Dby通過；before在前面；after在后面；until直到。我們到9月17號才被允許回家。故選D。23Bin spite of雖然；instead of代替，而不是；apart from除了；in terms of依據(jù)，就而言。我的鄰居簡單不敢相信我是在開玩笑而不是在哭。故選B。24Alaughter笑聲；will 意志；strength力量；faith信念。從上文作者的玩笑可知，面對災難作者沒有哭泣而是笑對人生。故選A。.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了發(fā)生在現(xiàn)實生活中的事情是怎樣經過一步步的程序，最終刊登在報紙上的。25how考查賓語從句的引導詞。句意為：你知道新聞是怎樣刊登在報紙上的嗎？分析句子結構可知，動詞know后面的從句是賓語從句；從句中主謂賓俱全，但是根據(jù)句意和下文故事見報的過程可知，該句缺少方式狀語，表示“怎樣”應用how。故填how。26which考查定語從句的引導詞。分析句子結構可知，此處是“介詞關系代詞”引導的定語從句，修飾先行詞the scene。關系代詞在從句中作賓語。故填which。27setting考查非謂語動詞。分析句子成分可知，句中已有謂語動詞finds out，因此此處為非謂語動詞；又因動詞短語set down與其邏輯主語he之間是主謂關系，且其動作發(fā)生的時間與句子謂語finds out發(fā)生的時間幾乎同時，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式作狀語。故填setting。28professional考查詞性轉換。此處修飾名詞photographer，需用形容詞。故填professional。29towrite考查非謂語動詞。allow sb. to do sth.允許某人做某事，是固定用法。故填towrite。30on考查介詞。concentrate on專心于，集中精力在，是固定搭配。故填on。31isdone考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)及主謂一致。此處敘述報紙的印刷過程，應用一般現(xiàn)在時；又因動詞do和主語this之間是動賓關系，因此需用被動語態(tài)；再由于this是單數(shù)第三人稱，所以be動詞應用is。故填is done。32exactly考查詞性轉換。分析句子成分可知，所填詞在句中作狀語，應用副詞形式。故填exactly。33is考查動詞時態(tài)及主謂一致?！癘nly狀語”位于句首時，句子需用部分倒裝；由此可知，所填詞為句子的謂語。根據(jù)“checks”可知，此處需用一般現(xiàn)在時，且主語the newspaper為單數(shù)第三人稱。故填is。34printed考查非謂語動詞。分析句子成分可知，此處為非謂語動詞作定語修飾newspapers；又因print與newspapers之間是邏輯上的動賓關系，因此需用過去分詞。故填printed。.Theenvironmentpollutionmoreandmoreserioustoday.Wehavenocleanwatertodrinkitbecauseofwaterpollution.Andwhentreescutdown，someanimalsdisappear.Thereismoreandmoredirtysmokeintheair.Peopleshealthhasbeenaffectedbyair，noiseandwaterpollution.Manypeoplehavediedofdiseasesbypollution.Inordertolivebetterlife，itstimeforustoprotectourworld.Weshouldrecycle，reduceandreusethings，savesmoneyandreducespollution.Usethingslongaspossible.Dontuseplastic.Besides，wemustplantmoretreesandstoppeoplecuttingdown.Wehopeourworldwillbemoreandmorebeautiful.