Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note李仕才一、閱讀理解Vinegar makes salad, fries and dumplings taste better, and you can even use it to clean your windows. And now, according to scientists, it may even the planets population survive climate change.Researchers from the RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS) in Japan found that growing plants in vinegar makes them more resistant to droughts. This could mean that in the future, worries about climate change affecting the worlds supply of food will be much lower. The discovery was made after the researchers studied the Arabidopsis, a plant known for its ability to survive in dry weather. It was found that when the plant was placed in drought-like conditions, it produced a chemical called acetate（醋酸鹽）the main component of vinegar.After discovering this, the scientists experimented further by adding acetate to the soil of other plants, before they stopped giving them water completely. After leaving the plants for 14 days, they found that the ones treated with acetate had survived, while the untreated plants had dried up and died.Its hoped that this simple method of survival could soon be used to help farmers in dry countries keep their crops alive. "In the experiment, we targeted the staple foods of the worldrice, wheat and maizeand the basic plant of breeding species, rapeseed（油菜籽）," Jong Myong Kim, co-author of the study, told Popular Science magazine.Kim also told the magazine hes already been in touch with people all over the world who are interested in trying this simple and cost-effective method out for themselves from flower growing companies to amateur gardeners. Although at this point keeping thirsty plants alive isnt as easy as just pouring vinegar over them, Kim said he and his team are working on making the process as simple as possible. "Now we are trying to cooperate with some farmers, and also some companies, to make a method to apply this system, "he said. And for those of us who always forget to ask our neighbors to water our plants when we go away, hopefully this means the end of returning home from a trip to find our favorite flowers have died.1.What is the article mainly about? A. The worlds food supply will be increased. B. Plants better survive droughts.C. The Arabidopsis is resistant to droughts. D. Vinegar could be used to fight droughts.2.It was discovered that acetate can .A. be used by farmers to replace soil B. only be produced by the ArabidopsisC. help plants survive dry conditions D. be used to improve poor soil3.What are the target plants of the experiment?A. all breeding species. B. wheat and Arabidopisis.C. rice and maize. D. rapeseed and Arabidopisis.4.Jong Myong Kims experiment of trying out the method .A. can make peoples trips pleasantB. turned out a worldwide successC. is as simple as pouring vinegar over the plantsD. appeals to many flower growing companies【文章大意】 本文屬于科普類文章。醋不僅使食物味道更好，還可以用它來清潔你的窗戶。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)醋中生長(zhǎng)的植物，使它們更耐干旱。1.D 【解析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知本文主要講述了醋能讓植物在干旱的環(huán)境中生存，即能抗擊干旱，故選D。3.C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“In the experiment, we targeted the staple foods of the worldrice, wheat and maizeand the basic plant of breeding species, rapeseed,”可知在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，主要針對(duì)大米，小麥和玉米等。故選C。4.D 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的第一句“Kimhes already been in touch with people all over the world who are interested in trying this simple and cost-effective method out for themselves from flower growing companies to amateur gardeners”分析本句可知Kim已與對(duì)此感興趣的花卉種植公司聯(lián)系，也就是吸引這些公司。故選D。二、完形填空Yesterday I was walking along a busy road when I noticed a young man standing near the pedestrian crossing, selling toys.Usually I would _1_ and hurry past such sellers before being approached to buy something. But I found this young man was _2_， so I stood for some time without crossing the street. I wanted to see _3_ he sold his toys. _4_， a young mother with a small child came by and the child was _5_ by one of the toys in a large box that made a noise. The young mother asked for the _6_ and it was charged at only one dollar. She _7_ a 10dollar note from her purse and told the young man that she was giving him 10 dollars and wanted the _8_ back. I was wondering how he was going to give it back. He told the young mother to put the money in the bag _9_ his neck and take out _10_ change he owed her. She then put her hand into the bag and took out the balance while I was _11_ her like a hawk(鷹)I realized that this young man depended on _12_ people not to cheat him. There was no _13_ of him knowing if someone took out more than they should have done. I was so _14_ by how this disabled man believed in people that I bought a toy from him I didnt _15_ at all. He said it cost one dollar and I, too, told him that I had only a 10dollar note. He told me to do the _16_ thing. So I put my 10 dollars in his _17_. I put my hand in, but didnt take any change. I hope he will find that he has more _18_ than he should when he gets home. As I walked down the street, I saw another kid walking with his father, _19_ I gave him the little toy. Then, I walked on, hoping that two people would have a _20_ smile on their faces that day.【文章大意】本文通過講述作者一次在路邊買玩具的經(jīng)歷，啟迪讀者：信賴無價(jià)?！倦y句分析】Yesterday I was walking along a busy road when I noticed a young man standing near the pedestrian crossing, selling toys.分析：本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。句中when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；standing near the pedestrain crossing是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；selling toys是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。譯文：昨天，我正沿著一條繁華的街道走時(shí)突然注意到一名年輕男子站在人行道交叉口附近賣玩具。1A.ignore Blook Cpause Dhelp答案與解析：A根據(jù)下文的“hurry past such sellers”可知，作者在這種情況下通常是不理會(huì)、匆忙走過去的。2A.patient Bhonest Cblind Dstrange答案與解析：C根據(jù)下文的“this disabled man”可知，這個(gè)賣玩具的年輕人是個(gè)殘疾人，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知選C。3A.why Bwhether Cwhen Dhow答案與解析：D根據(jù)下文的“I was wondering how he was going to give it back.”可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)想一探究竟，看這個(gè)盲人是如何賣東西的。4A.Quickly BShortly CFinally DQuietly答案與解析：B根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，不一會(huì)兒就有人來光顧這名男子的攤位了。5A.attracted Bannoyed Ccaught Ddriven答案與解析：A由下文這位母親買玩具可知，小孩子被玩具吸引了。6A.bargain Breason Cdiscount Dprice答案與解析：D結(jié)合下文的“and it was charged at only one dollar”可知，這位年輕的母親是在詢問玩具的價(jià)格。7A.searched for Bpulled outCpicked up Demptied out答案與解析：B根據(jù)下文的“a 10dollar note from her purse”可推知，年輕的母親從錢包里掏出10美元。pull out“掏出”。8A.note Btoy Cchange Ddeal答案與解析：C根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及“wanted the 8 back”的提示可推知，此處表示要找回的零錢。change“零錢”。9A.tied to Bdropping fromCcarried on Dhanging around答案與解析：D根據(jù)下文的“his neck”可推知，年輕男子的脖子上掛著個(gè)袋子，是收錢用的。10A.whichever Bwhatever Chowever Dwhoever答案與解析：Bwhatever引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞change，符合語(yǔ)境。11A.watching Bsuspecting Cchecking Dfollowing答案與解析：A與下文的“l(fā)ike a hawk(鷹)”呼應(yīng)，作者當(dāng)時(shí)在仔細(xì)打量這位母親，watch sb. like a hawk為固定用法。12A.begging BconvincingCtrusting Dencouraging答案與解析：C根據(jù)下文的“this disabled man believed in people”可知，這個(gè)年輕人依賴于相信人們不會(huì)欺騙他。trust“信任，相信”。13A.point Bway Cchance Ddoubt答案與解析：B因?yàn)檫@個(gè)年輕商販?zhǔn)莻€(gè)盲人，因此別人多拿了零錢他也沒辦法知道。14A.demanded BsurprisedCtouched Dinfluenced答案與解析：C根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，殘疾的年輕商販對(duì)人們的信賴感動(dòng)了作者，所以作者也買了一個(gè)玩具。15A.need Bknow Cvalue Dstore答案與解析：A根據(jù)下文的“at all”可推知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)并不需要玩具，純粹是被年輕人的信賴所感動(dòng)。16A.opposite Bgood Cequal Dsame答案與解析：D根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可推知，年輕商販要作者和之前的買家一樣去自己拿零錢。17A.hand Bbag Cbox Dpocket答案與解析：B與上文的“He told the young mother to put the money in the bag 9 his neck”呼應(yīng)，作者也把錢放進(jìn)了商販掛在脖子上的袋子里。18A.money Bforgiveness Cconfidence Dappreciation答案與解析：A結(jié)合上文的“I put my hand in, but didnt take any change”可推知，作者沒有拿回零錢，那么商販回家后就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)多了錢。19A.but Bor Cso Dfor答案與解析：C根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，空處前后表示邏輯上的因果關(guān)系，這與上文作者買了根本不需要的玩具呼應(yīng)。20A.ready Bpolite Cgentle Dbroad答案與解析：D根據(jù)上文的“I gave him the little toy”可推知，作者贈(zèng)予了小孩兒玩具，小孩兒應(yīng)該很開心。broad smile表示“滿面的笑容”。三、七選五As warming continues，scientists warn the oxygen content of oceans across the planet could be more and more reduced，with serious consequences for the future of fish and other sea life. 1 One is the simple fact that as water gets warmer，it can hold less dissolved(溶解的)oxygen.The other reason is less obvious.The entire ocean gets its oxygen from the surfaceeither from the atmosphere，or from photosynthesizing algae floating at the top of the sea. 2 Global warming is expected to reduce the mixing of the ocean by making surface seawater lighter.Thats because in a warmer world we can expect more rainfall and more melting(融化)of glaciers，icebergs，and ice sheets. 3 The extra heat from the warming atmosphere will also make surface water expand and thus make it lighter still. 4 Instead，more of the oxygen will remain near the surface，where it will be used up by oxygenbreathing organisms.A lowoxygen ocean may become an inescapable feature of our planet.A team of Danish researchers wondered how long oxygen levels would drop if we could somehow reduce our carbon dioxide emissions to zero by 2100.They determined that over the next few thousand years oxygen levels would continue to fall，until they declined by 30 percent.The oxygen would slowly return to the oceans，but even 100，000 years from now they will not have fully recovered. 5 AIts not known why the oxygen level of oceans has reduced.BScientists point to two reasons to expect a drop in ocean oxygen.CFresh waters inpouring will make the water at the oceans surface lighter.DThe oxygen then spreads to the deep ocean as the surface water slowly sinks.EGlobal warming has caused the reduction of the oxygen content of oceans worldwide.FThe light surface water will be less likely to sink so the deep ocean will get less oxygen.GIf they are right，we have every reason to worry about the major effect it has on sea life.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章簡(jiǎn)要介紹了海水中氧氣含量主要原因及其可能對(duì)海洋生物帶來的長(zhǎng)期的影響。1B從文章篇章結(jié)構(gòu)分析，本空為段落主旨句。本段介紹了全球變暖使海洋含氧量降低的原因，并且“One”“The other reason”與B項(xiàng)中的“two reasons”相呼應(yīng)，故選B。2D根據(jù)段落主旨和空前的“The entire ocean gets its oxygen from the surface.at the top of the sea.”可知，此處是通過說明海洋中氧氣的來源與循環(huán)來解釋海洋含氧量下降的原因的，故D項(xiàng)“然后，隨著表層海水的慢慢下沉，氧氣擴(kuò)散至海洋深處”符合語(yǔ)境。3C根據(jù)空前的內(nèi)容和常識(shí)可知，雨水和冰川、冰山及冰原融水都屬于淡水，海洋中的水是咸水，而淡水的密度比咸水的小，因此淡水的注入會(huì)使海洋表面的水變得更輕。故C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。C項(xiàng)中的“make the water.lighter”與下文中的“make it lighter”的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系亦是提示。4F根據(jù)空前的“The extra heat from the warming atmosphere will .”和空后的“Instead，more of the oxygen will remain.”可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)與空前的句子的句式相同，且與空后的句子的內(nèi)容存在語(yǔ)意上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。5GG項(xiàng)中的“they”與上文中的“A team of Danish researchers”相呼應(yīng)，且上文講到即使我們把二氧化碳的排放降低到零，海洋含氧量也需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能恢復(fù)，其對(duì)海洋生物造成的影響將是長(zhǎng)期的，故G項(xiàng)“如果他們是對(duì)的，那么我們完全有理由對(duì)它對(duì)海洋生物的重大影響感到擔(dān)憂”符合語(yǔ)境。 四、短文改錯(cuò)Dear Lisa，Im glad to receive your letter asked about the present holiday life of Chinese students. Learning together with entertainment still take up most of our time.Besides，we often help our parents with the housework or farm work，that makes us realize how hard we work every day and develop a great love for work.Meanwhile，we take active part in social activities，such as voluntary work. We went out to the streets to collect rubbishes or to the hospitals to cheer up the sick children.We try our best to help those who are in need or make our hometown a lot of more beautiful. We find greatly pleasure in these activities.Yours，Li Ming【答案】Dear Lisa，Im glad to receive your letter about the present holiday life of Chinese students. Learning together with entertainment still up most of our time.Besides，we often help our parents with the housework or farm work， makes us realize how hard work every day and develop a great love for work.Meanwhile，we take active part in social activities，such as voluntary work. We out to the streets to collect or to the hospitals to cheer up the sick children.We try our best to help those who are in need make our hometown a lot more beautiful. We find pleasure in these activities.Yours，Li Ming第一處：askedasking?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。我很高興收到你詢問中國(guó)學(xué)生目前的假日生活的來信。ask和其邏輯主語(yǔ)letter之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)。第二處：taketakes?？疾橹髦^一致。學(xué)習(xí)和娛樂仍然占據(jù)了我們大部分的時(shí)間。此處是together with連接的名詞在句中作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與句子原來的主語(yǔ)Learning保持一致，即應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)，故改為takes。第三處：thatwhich?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。此外，我們經(jīng)常幫助我們的父母做家務(wù)或者干農(nóng)活，這使我們意識(shí)到他們每天工作得多努力。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在此引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代前面的整個(gè)句子，故用which。注意：that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。第四處：wethey?？疾榇~。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指代的是上文中的“our parents”，故應(yīng)用they。第五處：在active前加an。考查冠詞。同時(shí)，我們積極參加社會(huì)活動(dòng)，比如志愿工作。take an active part in為習(xí)慣用法，表示“積極參加”。第六處：wentgo?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。我們?nèi)ソ稚鲜占蛘呷メt(yī)院安慰生病的孩子們。全文的基本時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。第七處：rubbishesrubbish。考查名詞。rubbish表示“垃圾”，是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，故改為rubbish。第八處：orand?？疾檫B詞。由語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示并列的順承關(guān)系，故用and表示“和，與”。or表示選擇關(guān)系，意為“或，或者”。第九處：去掉of?？疾楣潭ù钆?。此處指使我們的家鄉(xiāng)變得更加美麗。根據(jù)句中的“more”可知，此處修飾比較級(jí)，故應(yīng)用a lot。a lot of表示“許多”，修飾名詞。第十處：greatlygreat?？疾楦痹~。在這些活動(dòng)中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了極大的樂趣。此處修飾名詞pleasure，故應(yīng)用形容詞。 6EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F375