Unit 1 A land of diversity.閱讀理解AA new study by the British government has discovered the mental health of the country's teenage girls has become worse.The survey, which included 30,000 14­year­old students in 2005 and 2014, showed 37 percent of girls with psychological stress, up from 34 percent in 2005. British boys' stress level was actually seen to fall over the same time period, from 17 percent to 15 percent.The report's authors pointed out the “advent of the social media age” could be a major contributing factor for increased stress among teenage British girls.“The adolescent years are a time of rapid physical，cognitive (認知的) and emotional development，”Pam Ramsden, a lecturer in psychology at the University of Bradford in the United Kingdom, wrote in a recent blog post.“Teenagers interact with people in order to learn how to become competent (有能力的)adults. In the past, they would engage with parents, teachers and other adults in their community as well as extended family members and friends. Now we can also add social media to that list of social and emotional development.”Throughout adolescence, girls and boys develop characteristics like confidence and self­control. Since teenage brains have not completely developed, teens don't have the cognitive awareness and impulse (沖動)control to keep from posting inappropriate content. Furthermore, this content can easily be spread far and wide with disastrous influences.Social media can also feed into girls' insecurities about their appearance, Ramsden said. These sites are often filled with images of people with body type unattainable to the normal person. However, these images and the messages tied to them gradually become societal standards.語篇解讀一項新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，英國少女的心理健康狀況變得更糟；分析表明，社交媒體時代的到來可能是造成英國少女心理壓力加大的主要因素。1The statistics in the second paragraph show that .Amore and more children in Britain have mental health problemsBfew girls in Britain suffered from psychological stress in 2005Cmore boys in Britain are suffering from mental pressure nowDmore British girls feel psychologically stressed than boys do now解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句可知，調(diào)查顯示，2014年37%的英國少女有心理壓力，而2005年只有34%；根據(jù)第二段的第二句可知，同期調(diào)查顯示，英國少年有心理壓力的從2005年的17%降到2014年的15%。據(jù)此可以判斷，英國少女有心理壓力的數(shù)量比少年多，故D項正確。答案：D2Contrary to traditional ways of interaction, social media .Ahelps teenagers develop qualities like confidence and self­controlBhas many negative effects on girls' characteristic developmentCmakes teens aware of potential danger of the inappropriate contentDteaches girls to care about their appearance to meet societal standards解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的最后一句“Furthermore，this content can easily be spread far and wide with disastrous influences.”和最后一段第一句的“Social media can also feed into girls' insecurities about their appearance”可知，由于青少年的思想還不成熟，自控能力有限，社交媒體對英國少女的心理健康和她們對外表美丑的判斷產(chǎn)生了消極的影響。故B項正確。答案：B3The underlined word “advent” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “ ”AarrivalBendCdisappearanceDinvention解析：詞義猜測題。結(jié)合該段內(nèi)容和下文關(guān)于傳統(tǒng)交流方式和社交媒體的比較可知，報告的作者指出，“社交媒體時代的到來”可能是造成英國少女心理壓力增加的主要因素。據(jù)此可知，畫線詞義為“到來”，故A項正確。答案：ABA teacher from Relax Kids in Tamworth, the UK, used two apples to show her students the damaging and often unseen consequences of bullying. And her post about the powerful lesson has gone viral.Rosie Dutton explained that during one of her classes she introduced two red apples to the children. What the kids didn't know was that prior to the lesson, Dutton had repeatedly dropped one of the apples on the floor. And yet, on the outside at least, both apples looked perfect.“I picked up the apple I'd dropped on the floor and started to tell the children how I disliked this apple, and that I thought it was disgusting, it was a horrible colour and the stem was just too short，”Dutton wrote.She then encouraged the students to do the same. Some of the children looked at her like she was “crazy”， but the students passed the apple around the circle, calling it names.Continuing the exercise, the teacher then passed the second apple around the circle. This apple, however, was showered with comments like “Your skin is beautiful！” and “What a beautiful colour you are！”Dutton then showed the students and both apples once again，highlighting that “there was no change, and both apples still looked the same.”That is, until she cut them open. “The apple we'd said unkind words to was bruised and all mushy inside，” she said. There was，she said, an immediate “l(fā)ight bulb” moment for her students. “They really got it. What we saw inside that apple is what is happening inside everyone of us when someone mistreats us with their words or actions.”Dutton explained how important it is to teach children to stand up for one another, and to stop any form of bullying.“Let's create a generation of kind caring children，” the teacher wrote. “The tongue has no bones, but is strong enough to break a heart. So be careful with your words.”語篇解讀本文為一篇記敘文。作者講述了一位老師用兩個蘋果給學生上了一節(jié)生動的有關(guān)倚強凌弱危害性的課。4What had the teacher done to the first apple before the lesson?AShe had introduced it to the kids.BShe had damaged it purposely.CShe had made it look perfect.DShe had coloured it brightly.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“What the kids didn't know was that prior to the lesson，Dutton had repeatedly dropped one of the apples on the floor.”可知答案為B項。答案：B5What does the underlined part “calling it names” in Paragraph 3 mean?ASaying rude things. BMaking fun of it.CCheering for it.DShouting at it.解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第二句中的“said unkind words to”可知答案為A項(辱罵)。答案：A6What did the teacher instruct the kids to do with the second apple?ADrop it. BPraise it.CIgnore it.DObserve it.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Your skin is beautiful！”and“What a beautiful colour you are！”可知那位老師讓那些孩子贊美第二個蘋果，故答案為B項。答案：B7What's the purpose of the teacher's using two apples in class?ATo draw the kids' attention.BTo explain her personal preferences.CTo make a comparison between them.DTo help the kids understand the results of bullying.解析：推理判斷題。由全文可知老師在班上用兩個蘋果的目的是幫助孩子們懂得倚強凌弱的危害，故答案為D項。答案：D.閱讀七選五You may have grown up living with sisters and brothers, or this may be your first time to share your living space with someone else.1 However, it can also be a great part of your college experience. Follow these tips to make sure you and your roommate keep things pleasant and supportive throughout the year.Be clear from the beginning.Maybe you hate it when someone interrupts you when you are sleeping every morning. Maybe you need ten minutes to yourself before talking to anyone after you wake up. 2 It's not fair to expect him or her to pick up on them right away, and communicating what you need is one of the best ways to get rid of problems before they become problems.3This may seem simple, but it's probably one of the biggest reasons why roommates experience conflicts. Don't you think he'll mind if you borrow his shoes for a quick soccer game? For all you know, you just stepped over the line. Don't borrow, use, or take anything without getting permission first.Be open to change.You should expect to learn, grow and change during your time at school.4 As the term progresses, you should realize things will change for both of you. Be comfortable addressing things that unexpectedly come up, setting new rules, and being flexible to your changing environment.Follow the golden rule.5 No matter what your relationship is at the end of the year, you can take comfort knowing you acted like an adult and treated your roommate with respect.ARespect your roommate's things.BLet your roommate know about your preferences.CTreat your roommate like you'd like to be treated.DLiving with a roommate is really a wonderful thing.EHaving a roommate surely has its challenges.FYou should correct your bad habits first.GAnd the same should happen to your roommate, if all goes well.語篇解讀本文為一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了在上學時和室友交往應該注意的事項。1解析：根據(jù)設空處后的However可知，前后兩句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，由此可知答案為E項。答案：E2解析：根據(jù)設空處后的“It's not fair to expect him or her to pick up on them right away，and communicating what you need is one of the best ways to get rid of problems before they become problems.”可知，指望他們能立即察覺出你的喜好是不公平的。告知他們你的需要是在問題出現(xiàn)前就把問題解決掉的最佳方法之一，故設空處應選B項。答案：B3解析：本段作者告誡讀者在沒有得到室友允許的情況下，不能使用對方的東西。由此可見本段的主題是：要尊重室友的東西，故答案為A項。答案：A4解析：設空處前的意思為：在校期間你應該期望學習、成長和變化。設空處后的意思為：你應該意識到，隨著這一學期逐漸過去，事情會隨你們變化。由此可推出答案為G項。答案：G5解析：根據(jù)主題句中的“the golden rule”，再根據(jù)設空處后的內(nèi)容可知答案為C項。答案：C.語法填空When Dad told me I was going to take a scuba diver training course, I was really excited. I thought I'd be like those people on TV，1. (play) with fish.In the pool, Rob, my instructor, demanded that we do what he did. One of the drills 2. (be) to take our masks off at the bottom of the deep end，replace them，3. clear them of water. I wasn't doing that because I couldn't open my eyes underwater or keep water out of my nose. I 4. (terrify) and made excuse after excuse about 5. I couldn't do it. Rob walked over and said, “Alaya, you don't have to do this if you don't want to. Nobody is forcing you.”Though I said I wasn't going to do it, my 6. (foot) carried me toward the pool.With my eyes tightly 7. (close), I dived in and made my way to 8. other end. The water felt unnatural against my face. I 9. (quick) threw on my mask and started clearing it of water. Rob gave me thumbs up. I learned a big lesson: there is nothing to fear but fear 10. (it)語篇解讀本文主要講述了作者初次學潛水的經(jīng)歷及感悟。1解析：考查非謂語動詞。play和句子謂語thought之間沒有連詞，故用非謂語動詞。play和句子主語I構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。答案：playing2解析：考查動詞時態(tài)。與上文的demanded和本文的整體時態(tài)呼應，此處用一般過去時。答案：was3解析：考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知，take off，replace和clear是三個連續(xù)的動作，故用連詞and。答案：and4解析：be terrified表示“感到害怕”，再結(jié)合下文的made可知，應填was terrified。答案：was terrified5解析：考查連接詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示邏輯上的因果關(guān)系，故用why引導賓語從句，在從句中作原因狀語。答案：why6解析：考查名詞復數(shù)。foot是可數(shù)名詞，且沒有被冠詞修飾，故用復數(shù)形式。答案：feet7解析：考查非謂語動詞。此處是with的復合結(jié)構(gòu)，即：with名詞/代詞非謂語動詞，在句子中作狀語。close和其邏輯主語my eyes構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式。答案：closed8解析：考查冠詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“另一端”，故用定冠詞the。答案：the9解析：考查副詞。應用副詞quickly修飾動詞。答案：quickly10解析：考查代詞。此處應填代詞itself作第二個fear的同位語，表示強調(diào)。答案：itself6EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F375