2020學(xué)年人教版英語精品資料unit 3 Computers 規(guī)范訓(xùn)練（1） （人教版必修2，課標(biāo)通用）(時(shí)間：45分鐘).課文縮寫The computer began as a_1_machine in 1642 in France. It could_2_difficult_3_.In 1936 Alan Turing built a“_4_ machine” to_5_ any mathematical problem.At the beginning，the computer was as large as a room. This_6_worried the designer. As time went by，it became smaller and smaller. With_7_intelligence，it is getting cleverer and cleverer，quicker and quicker.In the early 1960s，computers could be connected by a network，which enables their users to share information with others. Since the 1970, computers have many new_8_and become very important in communication，_9_， trade and even been put into space rocket and sent to_10_the Moon and Mars. 答案1.calculating2.simplify3.sums4.universal5.solve6.reality7.artificial8.applications9.finance 10explore.單詞拼寫1In most maths examinations senior high school students are allowed to use _(計(jì)算器)in the exams.2I don't like_(假的)flowers, which cannot purify(凈化)the air.3He's very clever. He's got quite high_(智商) quality.4Try to_(簡化)your explanation to the students to help them understand better.5I am afraid I _(徹底) forgot about it.6He liked to_(探險(xiǎn))the World Wide Web.7Please fill in the _(申請), and you'll get a good job.8However, in _(事實(shí)上), I don't know her well.9Don't lose heart._(無論如何), you can try.10_(網(wǎng)絡(luò))can connect some computer systems together.答案1.calculators2.artificial3.intelligence4.simplify5.totally6.explore7.applications8.reality9.Anyhow10.Network.翻譯與仿寫1Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told!翻譯：_仿寫：香港的環(huán)境如此好，所以它當(dāng)選為世界最宜居城市之一。_2I began as a calculating machine in 1642. 翻譯：_仿寫：我在美國時(shí)一開始當(dāng)老師。_3As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851. 翻譯：_仿寫：由于天氣的原因，越來越少的人外出玩了。_4Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. 翻譯：_仿寫：自從那時(shí)以來，許多的新項(xiàng)目就被迫停了下來。_5Things will get easier as time goes by.翻譯：_仿寫：隨著時(shí)間的推移，天氣變得越來越暖和了。_答案1.隨著時(shí)間的推移，我的記憶能力發(fā)展得如此之快，就像一頭大象一樣，從來不會(huì)忘記告訴我的任何事情！The environment of Hong Kong is so outstanding that it is chosen as one of the world's most livable (宜居) cities.21642年我在法國誕生時(shí)是一臺計(jì)算機(jī)器。I began as a teacher while in America.3由于這些問題，(愛爾蘭的)人口從1841年的820萬降到了1851年的660萬。As a result of then weather, fewer and fewer people go outside for play.4從二十世紀(jì)七十年代起，我又被開發(fā)出了很多新的用途。Since then many new projects have been stopped.5隨著時(shí)間的推移，情況會(huì)有所改善。As time goes on, it's getting warmer and warmer. .句型轉(zhuǎn)換1From now on you should pay attention to improving your methods. _ _ you should pay attention to improving your methods.2He was seriously ill. As a result，he didn't go to work._ _ _ _seriously illness, he didn't go to work.3Though they are sisters, they have nothing in common.Though they are sisters, they_ _ alike at all. 4As years went by, he got worse and worse.With _ _ _， he got worse and worse.5He is so weak that he can't put the bag up.He is _weak _put the bag up.答案1.Since now2.As a result of3.don't look4years going by5.too；to.單項(xiàng)填空1_children get older, they become more and more interested in the things around them.AWhile BWhen CAs DWith解析as表示兩個(gè)同步發(fā)展的動(dòng)作或行為，意為“隨著”；while表示一段較長時(shí)間或過程內(nèi)主從句謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，通常與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用；when作“當(dāng)時(shí)候”講時(shí)，指較短的一段時(shí)間或時(shí)間點(diǎn)；with為介詞，不能引導(dǎo)從句。句意：隨著年齡的增長，兒童會(huì)對他們周圍的事物越來越感興趣。答案C2If you want to_the narrow alleys (胡同) of old Beijing, you'd better use the pedicab (三輪車)Aexplore Bexpress Cexchange Dexplode解析考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你想探索北京胡同，最好是坐三輪車。explore “探索”，符合句意。express“表達(dá)”；exchange“交換”；explode“爆炸”。答案A3So hard_that he passed the examination easily.Ahe studied Bdid he studyChe had studied Dhas he studied解析句意：他學(xué)習(xí)那么努力，因而輕松地通過了考試。so .that .引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，當(dāng)so置于句首時(shí)主句用部分倒裝，由從句的時(shí)態(tài)判斷，主句應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。答案B4I can't tell you the exact time when I will get there._， I'll be there as early as I can.ASo BAnyhow CTherefore DBesides解析考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我無法告訴你到達(dá)的準(zhǔn)確時(shí)間，無論怎樣，我將盡早到達(dá)。so“因此；所以”；anyhow “無論如何；即使如此”；therefore“因此”；besides“此外；況且”。故B項(xiàng)符合句意。答案B5Now a lot of new technology can_ problems in industry.Abe applied to solve Bbe applied to solvingCapply to solve Dapply to solving解析考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)及動(dòng)詞搭配。apply . to .“把應(yīng)用到上”，其中to為介詞，故不選A；句子主語new technology與動(dòng)詞apply之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故不選C、D。答案B6He took _ for granted that the problem is easy_.Ait；to be solved Bit；to solveCthat；to be solved Dthat；to solve解析take it for granted that .“認(rèn)為理所當(dāng)然”， it此處為形式賓語，而真正的賓語為that從句。從句為“sb/sthbeadj.to do”結(jié)構(gòu)，easy作表語，故應(yīng)用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。答案B7The UN has_ that the world's population will be over 9,400 million by 2050.AnumberedBcalculated Cincluded Ddesigned解析句意：聯(lián)合國已估算出，到2050年世界人口將超過94億。calculate “估計(jì)”，符合句意。number“達(dá)到之?dāng)?shù)；共計(jì)”；include“包含；包括”；design“設(shè)計(jì)”。答案B8_， the cost of the various repairs amounts to just over a hundred pounds.AIn common BIn general CIn total DIn particular解析考查介詞短語辨析。句意：加起來，各種修理費(fèi)用僅僅超過一百英鎊。in common共同的，共有的；in general一般；in total加起來，總計(jì)；in particular特殊地。答案C9What a beautiful day!Yes, it's_that I'd like to take a walk.Asuch nice weather Bso a nice weatherCsuch a nice weather Dso nice weather解析考查固定句式。句意：多么好的天氣！是的，天氣如此的好以至于我想去散步了。weather 是不可數(shù)名詞，故用 suchadj.weather。答案A10. He_me to come, but he hasn't come yet.Awanted Ballowed Cpromised Dlet解析考查動(dòng)詞。句意：他答應(yīng)我來，但是仍然沒有來。根據(jù)句意可知此處為“承諾”。答案C11(2012·九江高二檢測)The girl stood there，keeping her eyes_and her mouth_.Aclose；open Bclose；openedCclosed；opened Dclosed；open解析句意：那個(gè)女孩站在那里，眼睛閉著，嘴巴張著。keep one's eyes closed and one's mouth open中closed用過去分詞，open用形容詞。答案D12. Football is played all over the world, so it is considered a _ game.Ausual Bhealthy Ccommon Duniversal解析考查形容詞。句意：全世界都在玩足球，所以足球被認(rèn)為是普及的比賽。依據(jù)全世界的語境推知“普通；普及”。答案D13He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them _ in his lectures.Ainterested BinterestingCinterest Dto interest解析考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他深受學(xué)生的歡迎，因?yàn)樗偸亲屗麄儗λ闹v座感興趣。此處“對感興趣”用interested。答案A14The weather was _cold that I didn't like to leave my room. Areally Bsuch Ctoo Dso解析考查副詞。句意：天太冷了以至于我不喜歡離開我的房間。此處so修飾形容詞cold構(gòu)成soadj.that句型。答案D15Great changes_ in the countryside, and a lot of new buildings _.Ahave been happened；have set up Bhave taken place；have been set upChave taken place；have builtDwere taken place；were built解析考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在鄉(xiāng)下發(fā)生了巨大的變化，許多新樓房建了起來。根據(jù)語境可知已經(jīng)發(fā)生，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語與動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系為邏輯上的被動(dòng)，但take place發(fā)生，無被動(dòng)形式。答案B.閱讀理解When Boris left school, he could not find a job.He tried hard and pestered (糾纏) his relatives, but they had problems of their own. He answered advertisements until he could not afford to buy any more stamps. Boris grew annoyed, then depressed, then a little hardened.Still he went on trying and still he failed.He began to think that he had no future at all.“Why don't you start your own business？” one of his uncles told him. “The world is a money­locker. You'd better find a way of opening it.”“But what can I do？”“Get out and have a look round.” advised his uncle in a vague sort of way. “See what people want；then give it to them, and they will pay for it.”Boris began to cycle around the town and found a suitable piece of a waste ground in the end.Then he set up his business as a cycle repairer. He worked hard, made friends with his customers and gradually managed to build up his goodwill and profit. A few months later, he found that he had more work than he could deal with by himself. He found a number of empty shops but they were all no good: in the wrong position, too expensive or with some other snag(障礙). But at long last, he managed to find an empty shop on a new estate where there were plenty of customers but no competition.Boris and his assistant taught themselves how to repair scooters and motor­cycles. Slowly but surely the profits increased and the business developed.At last, Boris had managed to open the money­locker and found bank notes and gold coins inside.【語篇大意】文章介紹了一位尋找職業(yè)而走投無路，后經(jīng)叔叔指導(dǎo)最后通過個(gè)人努力成為一位打開錢柜的人。1Which of the following best describes Boris' job­hunting experience?ASurprising. BEncouraging.CBoring. DDisappointing.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章描述Boris尋找工作的情況可知他沒有找到，聯(lián)系文中第一段“Still he went on trying and still he failed. He began to think that he had no future at all.”信息推出“失望”。答案D2Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?AGoodwill is the key to successBThe world is a money­lockerCNo education, no futureDDifficulty of starting a small business解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段叔叔給Boris “The world is a money­locker. You'd better find a way of opening it.”的建議以及最后一段提到的他成為打開錢柜之人可以推出本文標(biāo)題為“The world is a money­locker”。答案B3Boris started his career by_.Arepairing cyclesB.developing a waste groundCcycling around the town Dbuying empty shops解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段提到的“Then he set up his business as a cycle repairer.”可知他開創(chuàng)事業(yè)從修理自行車開始。答案A4Boris finally chose an empty shop on a new estate because_.Ait was not so expensive Bhe had a lot of old customers thereCthere were good opportunities thereDhe could make good use of his skills there解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段提到的“But at long last, he managed to find an empty shop on a new estate where there were plenty of customers but no competition.”可知他面臨著許多機(jī)遇。答案C