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1、2020學(xué)年人教版英語(yǔ)精品資料 Section_ⅣGrammar_&_Writing 動(dòng)詞ing形式作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 一、動(dòng)詞ing形式作表語(yǔ) 1．表示主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容時(shí)，可以轉(zhuǎn)換到句首作主語(yǔ)。 Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. (＝Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.) 她的工作是盡量使報(bào)告廳保持干凈。 Her duty is taking care of the babies. (＝Taking ca

2、re of the babies is her duty.) 照看嬰兒是她的職責(zé)。 2．表示主語(yǔ)的某種性質(zhì)和特征時(shí)，通?？梢钥醋餍稳菰~。 The problem is quite puzzling. 這個(gè)問(wèn)題很令人困惑。 The film we saw last night was very moving. 我們昨晚看的那部電影非常感人。 [點(diǎn)津]　常用來(lái)作表語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞有astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesti

3、ng, surprising等。 二、動(dòng)詞ing形式作定語(yǔ) 1．表示名詞的屬性、作用或用途。 We are not allowed to speak aloud in the reading room. 在閱覽室里我們不準(zhǔn)大聲說(shuō)話。 There is a swimming pool in our school. 我們學(xué)校有一個(gè)游泳池。 2．表示所修飾的名詞的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。 The boy studying (＝ who is studying) in the classroom is our monitor. 在教室學(xué)習(xí)的那個(gè)男孩是我們的班長(zhǎng)。 Well

4、have an exam in the coming week. 下周我們將進(jìn)行一次考試。 3．當(dāng)分詞單獨(dú)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，放在所修飾的名詞前；如果是分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，則放在該名詞后。 They lived in a house facing south (＝ which faces south)． 他們住在一所朝南的房子里。 Do you know the boy playing basketball (＝ who is playing basketball)? 你認(rèn)識(shí)在打籃球的那個(gè)男孩嗎？ 4．用于with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中。 I couldnt do my homework with th

5、e noise going on. 由于噪聲不斷，我沒(méi)法做家庭作業(yè)。 With so many people looking at her, she felt nervous. 這么多人看著她，她感到很緊張。 1 ①(北京高考改編) Last night, there were millions of people watching(watch)the opening ceremony live on TV. ②(山東高考改編)There is a note pinned to the door saying (say) when the shop will open again.

6、 三、動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，與賓語(yǔ)之間是主謂關(guān)系，即賓語(yǔ)是其邏輯上的主語(yǔ)。它主要用于以下兩類動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 1．表示感覺(jué)和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞(詞組)，如see, hear, feel, smell, watch, find, listen to, look at, notice, observe等。 When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house. 我們回來(lái)的時(shí)候，發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)陌生人站在房子前。 Suddenly we heard someone knocki

7、ng gently on the window. 忽然我們聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人在輕輕地敲窗戶。 [點(diǎn)津]　在see, hear, feel, watch 等感官動(dòng)詞后，既可用動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，也可用省略to 的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。用動(dòng)詞ing形式時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；用省略to 的不定式時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作經(jīng)過(guò)從開(kāi)始到結(jié)束的全過(guò)程。 I saw a boy getting on the bus.(表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行) 我看見(jiàn)一個(gè)男孩在上公共汽車。 I saw a boy get on the bus.(表示動(dòng)作完成了) 我看見(jiàn)一個(gè)男孩上了公共汽車。 2．表示指使意義的使役動(dòng)詞，常見(jiàn)的有：h

8、ave, let, keep, get, leave 等。 We kept the fire burning all night long. 我們讓火整夜燃燒著。 I wont have you running about in the room. 我不允許你在房間里跑來(lái)跑去。 2 ①(四川高考改編)The manager was satisfied to see many new products developed (develop) after great effort. ②(全國(guó)卷Ⅱ改編)They use computers to keep the traffic run

9、ning (run) smoothly. Ⅰ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．Cleaning (clean) women in big cities usually get paid by the hour. 2．When he woke up, he found himself lying (lie) in hospital. 3．The man wearing (wear) a sad look said, “Ive lost my wallet.” 4．There was a terrible noise following (follow) the sudden burst

10、 of light. 5．In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet pointing (point) at another person. 6．Phoebe received an email the other day saying (say) her uncle was coming to visit her. 7．The music they are playing sounds so boring (bore)． 8．His concern for his mother is touching (touch)． Ⅱ.完成

11、句子 1．I found the girl playing_the_piano (正在彈鋼琴) when I came in. 2．The_girl_(who_is)_standing_there (站在那兒的那個(gè)女孩) will sing us a song. 3．His job is looking_after_the_patients (照顧病人)． 4．We kept the lights burning_all_night_long (整夜亮著)． 5．The old woman washing_the_dishes (正洗餐具) is my grandmother.

12、 故事類文章 (福建高考)假定你是某中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)報(bào)的小記者，以下漫畫內(nèi)容是你的所見(jiàn)所聞，請(qǐng)根據(jù)要求寫一篇英語(yǔ)短文投稿。 內(nèi)容要求： 1．描述漫畫內(nèi)容；　2.發(fā)表個(gè)人感想。 注意： 1．短文標(biāo)題與開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)； 2．考生可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，使文章內(nèi)容充實(shí)、連貫； 3．詞數(shù)：100左右； 4．文中不能出現(xiàn)考生的具體信息。 參考詞匯：告示牌sign Mind Your Behavior in Public Places Last Sunday, I went sightseeing with my friends in the Fairy Lake Park

13、.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Mind Your Behavior in Public Places Last Sunday, I went sightseeing with my friends in the Fairy Lake Park. The park was full of freshness and bea

14、uty of spring, ①with the sun shining and birds singing. When I was enjoying the fantastic scenery around, something unpleasant caught my eye. A young couple in a boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world. ②Whats worse, they spat and even threw rubbish

15、 into the lake, totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby. What a shame! Such behavior left me deep in thought. If all visitors to the Fairy Lake Park do as the couple did, the lake will be severely polluted and soon turned into a huge dustbin. I think all of us should mind our beh

16、avior in public places. ③Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings. 本文是一篇記敘文，記敘自己的所見(jiàn)所感，故用第一人稱，時(shí)態(tài)以一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)為主，其他時(shí)態(tài)為輔。 第一段：簡(jiǎn)要描述公園的景色，重點(diǎn)描寫湖中兩個(gè)人的所作所為與湖邊告示牌的內(nèi)容。 第二段：發(fā)表個(gè)人感想。 亮點(diǎn)一：本篇文章要點(diǎn)全面、邏輯性強(qiáng)，句與句之間使用了正確的連接詞；還運(yùn)用了一些高級(jí)表達(dá)，行文流暢、邏輯性強(qiáng)是本文的一大亮點(diǎn)。 亮點(diǎn)二：①使用了高級(jí)句型with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)“with the

17、 sun shining and birds singing”；②使用了銜接句“Whats worse” 以及現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)“totally ignoring the noticeable sign ...” 作伴隨狀語(yǔ)；③倒裝句“Only in this way can we live in more comfortable ...” 的使用也是本文的亮點(diǎn)。以上句式都給文章增彩不少。 如何寫故事類文章 故事類文章屬于記敘文文體。這種文體相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)常見(jiàn)易寫。不過(guò)在寫作過(guò)程中一些技巧需要靈活地掌握和運(yùn)用： 1．要把握住記敘文的六個(gè)要素，即時(shí)間(when)、地點(diǎn)(where)、人物(who)

18、、事件(what)、原因(why)和結(jié)果(how)。把握好這六個(gè)要素，寫故事性記敘文就成功了一半。 2．要把握故事性記敘文的結(jié)構(gòu)。在文章開(kāi)頭要交代故事發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和人物，然后寫事件的原因及發(fā)展過(guò)程，最后寫結(jié)果。同時(shí)在結(jié)尾處要盡量自然，點(diǎn)明文章主題。并且要有一條線索貫穿全文，使整個(gè)文章融為一體。 3．要把握好人稱。在寫此類文章時(shí)通常用第一人稱或第三人稱。 4．要注意時(shí)態(tài)的運(yùn)用。在故事寫作過(guò)程中，一般用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。在描寫背景或景象時(shí)，常用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，這樣顯得更加形象生動(dòng)。 5．要潤(rùn)色簡(jiǎn)單句，增加過(guò)渡性詞匯，使文章前后通順自然，成為一個(gè)有機(jī)整體。 1．long long ago, l

19、ong ago, once upon a time, many years ago, one day, one afternoon/morning/evening 2．There was /were ... 3．sb. be fond of .../like/love ...very much 4. ...known as .../named .../called .../whose name was .../with the name of ... 5．When he heard .../On hearing .../As soon as he heard .../When the

20、news reached ... 6．When he saw this .../At the sight of .../Seeing this ... 7．He was doing ... when .../He was about to do ...when .../He had done ...when ... 8．then, suddenly, hardly ...when ..., no sooner ...than ..., not until ... 請(qǐng)閱讀下面圖畫，按要求用英語(yǔ)寫一篇詞數(shù)為100左右的短文。 內(nèi)容要求： 1．描述畫面； 2．概述其含義； 3．談

21、談個(gè)人感想。 注意： 1．短文開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)； 2．可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，使文章內(nèi)容充實(shí)、行文連貫； 3．文中不能出現(xiàn)考生的具體信息。 參考詞匯：鑿，鉆bore In the picture，_________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

22、_________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 參考范文： In the picture, we can see a boy in worn clothes, sitting at

23、 a shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it. A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he was absorbed in his reading. This is a wellknown story from an ancient Chinese idiom. The boy, being poor, couldnt afford even a candle, so he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” l

24、ight from his neighbors house to read at night. The moral of the story is: spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be. Of course, things are totally different today. It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts. Hard work pays off. We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.