2020學(xué)年人教版英語精品資料Unit 4 Section .語法單項(xiàng)填空1He sat on a chair under the shade of the tree, _(read) a novel.答案：reading句意：他坐在樹蔭下的椅子上看小說。句子的主語he與read之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。2The boys and girls are walking along the street, each_(wear) a small yellow cap.答案：wearingeach wearing相當(dāng)于分詞作伴隨狀語，意思等同于and they each wear a small yellow cap。3When I reached home, my husband was lying on the floor, _(entertain) the kids with toys.答案：entertaining考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)我回到家時(shí)，丈夫正躺在地板上，用玩具逗孩子玩呢?，F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語表伴隨。my husband與entertain是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。4Chinadaily. com. cn is the largest English site in China, _(provide) news, business information and learning materials.答案：providing考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：“中國日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)”是中國最大的英語網(wǎng)站，提供新聞、商業(yè)信息和學(xué)習(xí)材料。5China became the 143rd member of the WTO on December 11,2001, thus _(realize) its 15year wish to join the global trade body.答案：realizing句意：中國于2001年12月11日成為世貿(mào)組織的第143個(gè)成員國，實(shí)現(xiàn)了其15年以來加入全球性貿(mào)易組織的夢(mèng)想。realizing在此為動(dòng)詞ing形式作結(jié)果狀語。6Do you know who is the patient _(operate) on now?答案：being operated考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。the patient與operate之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。另外，從now一詞可知?jiǎng)幼髡谶M(jìn)行，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，表“正在被”。7_(complete) the project on time, the staff are having a party to have a celebration.答案：Having completed考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：已經(jīng)按時(shí)完成工程，全體員工正在舉行宴會(huì)慶祝。完成工程發(fā)生在慶祝會(huì)之前，完成與主語為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。8_(fail) to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.答案：Having failed考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法?！癬 to reach them on the phone”在句中作狀語，邏輯主語we與fail之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，先是沒用電話聯(lián)系上，我們才發(fā)的郵件，fail發(fā)生在send之前，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。句意為“由于沒用電話聯(lián)系上他們，我們給他們發(fā)了電子郵件”。9_(come) from a mountain village, he couldnt afford a house in Shanghai.答案：Coming“_ from a mountain village”在題目中作原因狀語，come與邏輯主語he之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。句意為“因?yàn)閬碜杂谝粋€(gè)小山村，他在上海買不起房子”。10(2014福建，27改編)_(spend) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.答案：Having spent考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語。分詞的完成形式，表示發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前的動(dòng)作。句意為：去年作為一名交換生在香港大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)了一年之后，琳達(dá)看起來要比那些同齡的孩子更加成熟。.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1The storm left and has caused a lot of damage to this area. The storm left, _ this area.2Be careful when you cross the road.Be careful when _.3The building that is being built now is our new school.The building _ is our new school.4Who is the man that is reading over there?Who is the man _？5Because she did not know that the traffic accident happened to her husband, she was waiting for him to have supper._ that the traffic accident happened to her husband, she was waiting for him to have supper.6Because he is a student, he should study hard._， he should study hard.7Even though the farmer works hard on the farm all the year round, he still cant become rich._ all the year round, the farmer still cant become rich.8The boy sat on the sofa and watched TV.The boy sat on the sofa, _.答案：1.having caused a lot of damage to2.crossing the road3.being built now4.reading over there5.Not knowing6.Being a student7.Working hard on the farm8.watching TV.用所給動(dòng)詞的正確的非謂語形式填空1He has just experienced a _(terrify)experience.2The problem _(discuss) now is very important.3I like living in a room _(face) south.4The man _(speak) to our headmaster is my head teacher.5_(use)your head, you will find a way to solve the problem.6_(judge)from his appearance, we know that he has experienced much.7He went out _(close)the door behind him.8_(not know)what to do next, he had to go to his parents for help.答案：1.terrifying2.being discussed3.facing4.speaking5Using6.Judging7.closing8.Not knowing.閱讀理解Arabs consider it extremely bad manners to start talking business immediately. Even the busiest government official always takes extra time to be polite and offer refreshments(茶點(diǎn)). No matter how busy you are, you should make time for this.The conference visit is a way of doing business throughout the Arab world. Frequently, you will have to discuss your business in the presence of strangers, who may or may not have anything to do with your business. Do not be surprised if your meeting is interrupted several times by people who come into the room unannounced, whisper, or speak softly to the person with whom you are talking, and leave. Act as though you do not hear, and never show displeasure at being interrupted.Making decisions quickly is not an Arab custom. There is a vagueness(含糊)in doing business in the Middle East which will puzzle a newcomer. Give yourself lots of time and ask lots of questions.When an Arab says“yes”， he may mean“maybe”. When he says“maybe”，he probably means “no”. You will seldom get a direct“no”from an Arab because it is considered not polite. Instead of “no”， he will say“inshallah”，which means“if God is willing”. On the other hand, “yes” does not necessarily mean“yes”. A smile and a slow nod might like an agreement but in fact your host is being polite. An Arab considers it rude to disagree with a guest.1The main purpose of this article is to explain_.Awhy you need extra time when you visit Arab countriesBhow to be polite when doing business in the Arab worldCwhy Arab officials are so busyDwhat Arabs say when doing business答案：B推理判斷題。本文描述阿拉伯人在談生意時(shí)的禮儀，其目的是告訴人們?cè)诎⒗錾鈺r(shí)要按阿拉伯人的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣去做。2According to the article, which of the following would be considered polite?AYou leave angrily because of interruptions.BYou demand an immediate decision.CYou refuse a cup of tea and show pictures of your product right away.DYou look out of the window while a stranger comes in to speak with your host.答案：D細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段第三、四句Do not be surprised if your meeting is interrupted. never show displeasure at being interrupted.可知，對(duì)于被打斷對(duì)話等行為不要表現(xiàn)出吃驚，而應(yīng)該表現(xiàn)出不在意的樣子，因此，D為正確答案。3From this article we know that_.Awhen an Arab wants to say “yes”， he often says “maybe”Ban Arab seldom disagrees with a guest to his faceCwhen an Arab agrees, a smile and a slow nod will be givenD“inshallah”is an English word答案：B細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段的第三、四句.You will seldom get a direct“no”from an Arab because it is considered not polite. Instead of “no”， he will say“inshallah”， which means“if God is willing”可知，直接說“不”是不禮貌的，而應(yīng)該說“如果上帝愿意”，因此，B為正確答案。4Which of the following is NOT an Arab custom?ATo dislike being interrupted during their meeting.BOften to give you a vague answer.CSeldom to say “no” directly.DSeldom to hesitate to start talking business in the presence of strangers.答案：D細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。阿拉伯人在談生意前都不直接進(jìn)入主題，而D項(xiàng)與這一習(xí)慣相反，所以選D。.七選五Two brightly colored butterflies have just flown by. They seem to be exactly alike, but actually one is a little larger than the other. _1_ The smaller one has a wingspread of less than three inches and also a black line on its back wings.At first sight, it is hard to tell them apart. Would you guess from this that they are differentsized butterflies of the same species? _2_ If you said yes to either question, you would be wrong, for these lookalikes belong to quite different families.The larger insect is the monarch butterfly (黑脈金斑蝶). As a baby insect, the monarch feeds on milkweed, which seems to give the monarch a disagreeable taste and smell. _3_ Birds that eat butterflies soon recognize the monarch and quickly learn to leave it alone._4_ Birds would find this insect tasty, but because it looks like the monarch, birds keep away from it. The viceroys similarity to the monarch gives it some protection from its enemies and helps it survive.There are other pairs of lookalike butterflies, bees and moths. In each case, one either has a disagreeable taste or smell, or can give a painful sting (叮咬). The larger is called the model. _5_AThe smaller insect is the viceroy (副王峽蝶), which feeds on the leaves of trees.BThe larger insect has a wingspread (翼長) of up to four inches.CThe bright coloring of the monarch acts as a warning sign to its enemy.DBirds protect their babies from eating such dangerous enemies.EThe insect that imitates this model for protection is called the mimic(保護(hù)色)FOr that they are different species of butterflies but close relatives belonging to the same family?GDo you like this kind of special species?答案：本文介紹了各種蝴蝶為了保護(hù)自己所擁有的不同的保護(hù)色。1B根據(jù)下一句The smaller one has a wingspread of less than.講述的小一點(diǎn)的蝴蝶的情況，說明本句講述的應(yīng)該是大一點(diǎn)的蝴蝶的情況，故B符合上下文。2F根據(jù)上一句Would you guess from this that they are differentsized butterflies of the same species？他們是同一種類的不同尺寸，還是不同種類的近親關(guān)系。故F項(xiàng)符合上下文結(jié)構(gòu)。3C根據(jù)下一句Birds that eat butterflies soon recognize the monarch and quickly learn to leave it alone.說明這種明亮的顏色是對(duì)敵人的一種警告，故C項(xiàng)正確。4A根據(jù)上一段The larger insect is the monarch butterfly.說明本段應(yīng)該講述的是smaller butterfly，故A正確。5E這句話是一個(gè)歸納總結(jié)的話，所有的蝴蝶的顏色都屬于保護(hù)自己的保護(hù)色。故E項(xiàng)符合上下文。.語法填空閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容(不多于3個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式?！救珖抡n標(biāo)卷題型】There was a man who had four sons. He wanted his sons to learn not to judge things too_1_(quick). So he sent them each to go and look at a pear tree that was far_2_.The first son went in the winter, the second in the spring, the_3_in the summer, and the youngest son went in the autumn. _4_they had all gone and came back, he called them together to describe what they_5_(see)The first son said that the tree was ugly. The second son said noit was covered with green buds and full of promise.The third son_6_(agree). He said it was full of flowers that looked very beautiful.The last son said it was full of fruit.The man then explained to his sons that they were all wrong，_7_they had each seen just one season in the trees life.He told them that you cannot judge what a tree is, or how a person is，_8_only one season. The_9_(please), joy and love come from that life can only be measured at the end.If you give up when its winter, you will miss_10_promise of your spring, the beauty of your summer and the fruit of your fall.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._答案：本文通過講述父親讓四個(gè)兒子尋樹并描繪他們各自的發(fā)現(xiàn)，告誡人們：不可以一季來判斷樹，更不可以一時(shí)來判斷人。1quickly修飾動(dòng)詞judge應(yīng)用副詞quickly。2awayfar away“遙遠(yuǎn)”。3third老人共有四個(gè)兒子，前面說了the first，the second，后面有the youngest，所以此空應(yīng)填third。4Whenwhen引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。5had seensee發(fā)生在called them together之前，故用過去完成時(shí)。6disagreed下一句描述的“樹上開滿了鮮花，看起來很美麗”，和二兒子描述的情況不同，說明三兒子不同意二兒子的說法。7because說明四個(gè)兒子都錯(cuò)了的原因。8byjudge.by.“通過判斷”。9pleasure與joy，love并列做主語，應(yīng)用名詞pleasure。10thepromise后有of your spring限定，是特指“春天的希望”，用定冠詞the。【遼寧卷題型】Mr. White: Sir, youve been using the online catalogue for quite a while. Is there anything I can do to help you?Mark: Well, I have to write a paper on Hollywood in_1_1930s and 1940s, and Im really_2_(confuse). There are hundreds of books, and I just dont know_3_to begin.Mr. White: Your topic sounds pretty big. Why dont you narrow_4_down to something like. uh. the history of the studios during that time? And you could cut that down even further by_5_(list) the specific years you want. Try adding “1930s” or “1940s” or maybe “Golden Age”Mark: “Golden Age” is a good idea. Let me type that in. Hey, look, just 6 books this time. Thats a lot_6_(good)Mr. White: Oh. Another thing you might consider. Have you tried looking for any articles in the magazine_7_newspaper?Mark: No, Ive only been_8_(search) for books.Mr. White: Well, you can look up articles in the magazine in the Readers Guide to Periodical Literature. And we do have the Los Angeles Times available over there. You might go through their indexes_9_see if theres anything you want.Mark: OK, I think Ill get started_10_these books and then Ill go over the magazines.Mr. White: If you need any help, Ill be over there at the Reference Desk.Mark: Great, thanks a lot.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._答案：Mark想寫一篇論文，他在查詢資料時(shí)遇到了Mr.White，并得到了他的建議和幫助。1the考查年代的表示方法。此處表示“關(guān)于二十世紀(jì)三四十年代的好萊塢”，表示在二十世紀(jì)三四十年代，應(yīng)該用“in the 1930s and 1940s”。2confused考查形容詞作表語。此處表示“我真的感到很困惑”。形容詞confused表示“迷惑的”，一般用來形容人。3where考查賓語從句。此處表示我只是不知從何開始。從句中使用了省略形式，此處相當(dāng)于“where I should begin”。4it/that考查代詞。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，此處表示你的話題太大，你應(yīng)該縮小它的范圍，所以此處應(yīng)用代詞it/that指代前文的“Your topic”。5listing考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)前面的介詞by可知，后面的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞形式。6better考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，此處表示那就好多了。再根據(jù)“a lot”可知，此處要使用比較級(jí)形式。7or考查連詞。此處表示你有沒有試過尋找一些雜志或報(bào)刊上的文章呢？根據(jù)句意可知填or。8searching考查時(shí)態(tài)。此處表示沒有，我只是一直在尋找書籍。根據(jù)句意可知本句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。9to考查動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，此處表示目的。此處表示來看看是否有你想要的東西。10with考查介詞的用法。此處表示用這些書我就可以開始寫論文了。此處介詞with表示“用，使用”。