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1、2020學(xué)年人教版英語精品資料 B卷　能力素養(yǎng)提升 【說明】　本試卷滿分120分，考試時(shí)間100分鐘 Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分) A Over the years, the recommendations of my friend Philip have led me to work with three of my favorite clients (客戶). I am certain that my relationships with these three clients have helped me meet many other wonderfu

2、l people. Needless to say, I owe Philip a lot. Without him, these relationships wouldn’t have happened. Philip is bright, friendly, and inspiring. Sometimes his ideas pay off in a huge way. He is very successful. But this brilliant, creative, friendly man has a bit of difficulty when it comes to sm

3、all commitments. These little behaviors are annoying things — lastminute cancellations, missed phone calls, and the like. While they do trouble my life a little bit, it’s nothing really major that would make me back out of the relationship. Philip always apologizes for these minor defects. I always

4、accept his apology. When I take all the good things and weigh them against the times he’s let me down, he is so far ahead that he gets a “l(fā)ifetime pass”. And, I tell him so. When I do, he feels good and I feel better for forgiving him. To this day, we are friends. I am his friend because when I cons

5、ider someone’s actions, I ask myself, “Am I better off or worse off because of having this person in my life？” With Philip, the answer has always been, and will always be, in his favor. Philip has been such a good friend and having him in my life has been such a good thing that I am grateful. This

6、will always override (忽略) any of his “negative” behaviors. That’s a lifetime pass. How many people do you have in your life to whom you have given a lifetime pass? Is the number high or low in your opinion? Most people want a higher number. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了“我”的朋友Philip的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)以及他在“我”的生活中所起的作用。 1．Wh

7、y does the writer owe Philip a lot? A．Because Philip has never troubled him as a good friend. B．Because Philip has solved many of his annoying problems. C．Because Philip has helped him meet many wonderful people. D．Because Philip has offered him many good ideas that work well. 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段

8、第一、二句“Over the years, the recommendations ... meet many other wonderful people.”可知，因?yàn)镻hilip，“我”遇到了許多極棒的人。故答案選C。 2．Which of the following can best describe Philip? A．Every dog has its day. B．All that glitters is not gold. C．There are spots even on the sun. D．A friend in need is a friend indeed.

9、 解析：選C　推理判斷題。A項(xiàng)意為“凡人都有得意日”；B項(xiàng)意為“閃光的不都是金子”；C項(xiàng)意為“人無完人”；D項(xiàng)意為“患難之交才是真朋友”。根據(jù)第二段中的“Philip is bright ... missed phone calls, and the like.”可知，Philip有優(yōu)點(diǎn)也有缺點(diǎn)。由此可推知，人無完人。故答案選C。 3．What does the underlined word “defects” in Para. 2 mean? A．Praise that you give to someone for something they have done. B．A fa

10、ult or a lack of something that means that something is not perfect. C．Something that you wear to change your appearance and hide who you are. D．A very strong feeling that almost makes you sick, caused by something unpleasant. 解析：選B　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“These little behaviors are annoying things — lastmin

11、ute cancellations, missed phone calls, and the like.”以及本詞所在的句子可知，他總是為這些小缺點(diǎn)道歉。所以defect意為“瑕疵，缺點(diǎn)”。故答案選B。 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．Thanks and Apologizes B．A Higher Number for Most People C．A Good Friend’s Negative Behaviors D．My Friend Philip and the Lifetime Pass 解析：選D　標(biāo)題歸納題?？v觀全文可知

12、，文章主要講述了“我”的朋友Philip在“我”的生活中所起的作用。D項(xiàng)概括了文章主旨。故答案選D。 B Hybrid cars (混合動(dòng)力車) are cars that run on petrol and electricity. They have a small standard petrol engine and a battery electric motor to provide electric power. There are some differences between different models of hybrid cars, but the gener

13、al principle is that the car runs on petrol, and the electric motor kicks in when additional power is required, for example, when going uphill or accelerating. In some hybrid cars the petrol engine turns itself off when not needed, for example when the car has stopped at traffic lights, keeping only

14、 the electric engine running. Conventional cars have large engines to deal with driving uphill and accelerating. Hybrid cars have much smaller petrol engines, improved by electric motors when needed, so they use less petrol. Another way that fuel consumption is cut is by a system of “regenerative (

15、再生的) braking”. The electric motor is used to slow down the car, rather than conventional brakes. The energy produced by slowing the car is changed into electrical power, which is automatically stored in the battery. In effect, the battery recharges when you brake. In conventional cars the energy pro

16、duced when braking is wasted. In 1928, Ferdinand Porsche built an experimental hybrid car. The first massproduced hybrid car, the Toyota Prius, came out in Japan at the end of 1997. However, hybrid cars became available in the USA only in 1999. As they use less fuel, hybrid cars are cheaper to run.

17、 There are also many voices in place to encourage people to buy them. In some countries, hybrid car owners pay a lower rate of tax, and don’t have to pay on certain roads. In some cities, hybrid cars are allowed to park for free. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇科普說明文。文章介紹了以汽油和電為動(dòng)力的混合動(dòng)力車，它是一種節(jié)約能源的汽車。 5．Hybrid cars consu

18、me less energy than conventional cars because hybrid cars have ________. A．large engines to deal with accelerating B．conventional brakes to slow down the car C．no energy consumption when stopping D．electric power to assist when needed 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Hybrid cars have much smaller ... use

19、less petrol.”可知，混合動(dòng)力車必要時(shí)有電力支持，所以消耗較少的能源。 6．In regenerative braking, ________. A．the conventional brakes are used to slow down the car B．energy wasted in conventional cars is stored in the battery C．the battery charges itself when the car is accelerating D．the petrol engine is usually turned off

20、 automatically 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段可知，混合動(dòng)力車用電動(dòng)馬達(dá)減速而不是用傳統(tǒng)的剎車，電動(dòng)馬達(dá)降低車速時(shí)產(chǎn)生的電能會(huì)被自動(dòng)儲(chǔ)存在電池里，而傳統(tǒng)汽車?yán)速M(fèi)了剎車時(shí)產(chǎn)生的能量，由此可知B項(xiàng)表述正確。 7．From the last paragraph we can learn that hybrid cars ________. A．will gain more popularity B．were first available in the USA C．free their owners from tax D．a(chǎn)re free to park anywher

21、e in the city 解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“As they use less fuel, hybrid cars ... for free.”可推知，使用混合動(dòng)力車有很多好處，所以混合動(dòng)力車會(huì)很受歡迎。 8．The main purpose of this text is to ________. A．show how hybrid cars slow down B．encourage people to buy hybrid cars C．inform people of a kind of energysaving car D．explain why

22、hybrid cars use less energy 解析：選C　寫作意圖題。本文主要介紹了一種節(jié)約能源的車——混合動(dòng)力車，故應(yīng)選擇C。 C Complete the following sentence：“You go to the library to check out ...？” The obvious answer is “books”．But a harder question might be, “What do we mean by ’books’？” Nowadays, electronic books, or “ebooks”， have become more a

23、nd more popular in American society. The biggest online bookseller Amazon, for example, recently announced that less than four years after introducing them to its catalog, it is now selling more electronic versions of its book titles than printed ones. Last week, Pew Internet Project released a su

24、rvey about the use of ebooks by library customers.It found that 12% of Americans aged 16 and older who read ebooks say they had borrowed at least one from a library within the past year.But the survey found that the broader public, including 58% of those who have library cards and 53% of people who

25、own electronic book readers, are not aware that they can find and check out ebooks from public libraries, even though three quarters of the libraries offer that service. Pew Internet Project director Lee Rainie noted that ebook borrowing is becoming more popular at the same time that publishers, wh

26、o are selling plenty of ebooks and fewer hardcopy editions, are worried that free ebook checkouts at the library will hurt sales.In February, for example, the big publisher Penguin Books stopped supplying new ebooks and audio books to libraries.Penguin just reached an agreement to resume supplying o

27、ne big library system in New York City but not until six months after new titles are released.That way, those who want the latest books will have to buy them. So things are a little murky (陰暗的) in the library world when it comes to electronic books.More and more customers want them, but publishers

28、are giving the libraries a hard time about offering them.Demand is not the problem.Supply may soon be. 9．What is the function of the two questions in the first paragraph? A．To introduce the topic of the passage. B．To stress the popularity of ebooks. C．To show what the author cares about. D．To

29、 remind us of the change at the library. 解析：選A　推理判斷題。從第一段的兩個(gè)問題和文章的內(nèi)容可知，通過第一段的兩個(gè)問題，作者引出了自己即將在文章中討論的話題，故選A項(xiàng)。 10．According to Paragraph 2, what can we know about Amazon? A．It has sold ebooks for five years. B．Its ebooks are cheaper than printed books. C．It has the best ebooks among all libraries.

30、 D．Its ebooks sell better than printed books. 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段中的“it is now selling more electronic versions of its book titles than printed ones”可知它的電子書比紙質(zhì)書暢銷。 11．We know from the survey done by Pew Internet Project that ________. A．few library customers know how to read ebooks B．the promotional

31、 effort at ebook readers is not big enough C．library customers should be reminded about the ebook service D．more library cards should be offered to readers free of charge 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段的內(nèi)容可知，很多人還不知道他們可以在圖書館里借閱電子書，因此圖書館應(yīng)該多推廣電子書的借閱，故選C項(xiàng)。 12．Why did Penguin Books NOT supply new ebooks to librarie

32、s? A．Because they are not allowed to offer ebooks. B．Because they wanted to increase the sales of printed books. C．Because they didn’t want their ebooks to be copied. D．Because their products were not welcomed there. 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第四段的“free ebook checkouts at the library will hurt sales”和“That w

33、ay, those who want the latest books will have to buy them.”這兩句話可知，Penguin Books 停止向圖書館提供電子書是為了保證紙質(zhì)書的銷售，故選B項(xiàng)。 D You know how wonderful you are, and you know that others know how wonderful you are, but what do you do when admiration crosses over the line into jealousy (嫉妒)? For most teens there will

34、 come a day when you realize that one of your friends is jealous and that this jealousy is hurting your friendship. When this happens it can seem like there is nothing that you can do, but the good news is that there is. Don’t let jealousy spoil your friendship. Deal with it confidently and you migh

35、t be back to normal much sooner than you think. It can be hard to walk up to a friend and ask them what the problem is, but if you want to save your friendship you’ll have to do just that. Don’t approach them and ask why they are jealous of you unless of course you want to appear totally conceited

36、(逞能的), just take some time alone with them and let them know that you’ve been feeling like there’s been something coming between you. If they refuse to respond, then use the opportunities to explain how you have been feeling. Chances are that something you say will strike a nerve and your friend wil

37、l open up as well. When you figure out what is annoying your friend, ask him or her what (s)he thinks would make the situation better. If, for example, (s)he says that (s)he feels like (s)he doesn’t get to spend any time with you because of your being off with your new friends from the swim team th

38、en maybe you could invite him or her along the next time or block off one day a week for just the two of you. Remember, though, that whatever solution you decide on should be a compromise. Don’t limit your own talents or opportunities simply because your friend is unhappy. Try instead to include him

39、 or her in your new life and see how that works out. Even the best of friendships can be ruined by jealousy. This destructive emotion is rarely productive and can turn best friends into worst enemies. Before taking extreme action, chat with your jealous friend to see if the two of you can work out

40、a compromise. If you can’t, be prepared to know exactly how far you will go to keep your friend and how far you won’t. 語篇解讀：本文是關(guān)于人際關(guān)系的話題。尤其是青少年朋友之間會(huì)因?yàn)榧刀识瓜嗷ラg的友誼被破壞，本文著重講述如何處理被朋友嫉妒及處理過程中可能遇到的困難。 13．What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 2? A．How to solve the problem of jealousy. B．Wh

41、y we need to solve the problem of jealousy. C．How to explain your jealousy to your friends. D．Why it is hard to deal with the problem of jealousy. 解析：選A　段落大意題。本段內(nèi)容主要講的是處理有嫉妒心朋友的方法，據(jù)此判斷答案選A。 14．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A．There’s always a solution to solve the problem of

42、 jealousy. B．Jealousy can turn best friends into worst enemies. C．You may lose a friend to keep your own gifts, chances or selfdevelopment. D．You should go a long way with your friend to work out a solution. 解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后兩句“Don’t limit your own talents ...that works out.”可知。 15．This pas

43、sage is mainly intended for ________. A．female readers　　　　 B．students C．teenagers D．best friends 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“For most teens there will come a day when you realize that one of your friends is jealous and that this jealousy is hurting your friendship.”中的關(guān)鍵詞 teens可知答案是C。 Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(共5小題

44、；每小題2分，滿分10分) Benefits of Summer Camps for Kids Summer camps are great for children of all ages. If you went to a summer camp as a child, you are likely to have good memories of things you did and people you met. With more and more children sitting inside playing computer games, the importance of

45、camps has never been greater. __16__ Getting in touch with nature is an exciting experience. __17__ They will enjoy the experiences of camping, hiking and exploring in forests, deserts or on the seashore. They can also enjoy the beauty of nature and learn about the importance of environmental pr

46、otection. Activities at summer camps stress the importance of teamwork. __18__ Throughout life, people have to be comfortable operating as part of a team in order to be successful. Summer camps teach kids how to be productive members of a team. __19__ Whether they are afraid of heights, water

47、, the dark or being away from home, they are encouraged to face them and deal with them in an environment surrounded by supportive people. __20__ It is also a valuable life lesson that will help them through adulthood. Summer camps are perfect ways for kids to have fun and develop themselves.

48、So parents should try to find out what interests their kids, and choose the right camp for them. A．Kids can make friends there. B．Many activities there are designed to stress it. C．Kids can learn about the natural world at camps. D．So kids gain courage and confidence by challenging themselves.

49、E．In fact, staying healthy is not the only benefit kids can get from it. F．Learning to live on their own may be an extremely hard lesson for kids. G．Having the courage to face fears is another skill kids can learn at camps. 答案：16～20　ECBGD Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分) Shortly after I started out

50、as a professional baseball player in the TriState League, I was fired. “Frank，” the manager said __21__， “whatever you do after you leave here, put some __22__ and enthusiasm into your work！” Well, that was the __23__ thing I expected him to say. A week later, __24__， I was introduced to the

51、New Haven. My first day here will always __25__ in my memory as a great event in my life. No one knew me in the league, so I was __26__ to make myself the most enthusiastic ball player they’d ever seen. From the minute I __27__ on the field, I acted like a man electrified. And I acted as if I were a

52、live with a million __28__. My biggest thrill came the following morning __29__ I read in the New Haven newspaper: “This __30__ player, Frank, has a barrel (桶) of enthusiasm. He __31__ our boys. They looked better than at any time this season.” The newspaper began __32__ me the life of the

53、 team. Within two weeks, enthusiasm took me from $250 a month to $1,850 a month — it __33__ my income by 700 percent! Two years after that, I was __34__ third base for the St. Louis and multiplied my income by thirty times. Enthusiasm __35__ did it; nothing but enthusiasm. Enthusiasm is by far t

54、he highest paid __36__ on earth. It helps you become more successful, and __37__ a healthier, richer and happier life. “To become enthusiastic — act enthusiastically.” Put this rule into __38__ for thirty days and be prepared to see astonishing __39__. It may easily change your entire life. Can yo

55、u acquire enthusiasm — or must you be born __40__ it? Certainly you can acquire it! 語篇解讀：本文講述的是一位職業(yè)壘球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的故事。退役后，他充滿熱情地投入到新的工作中，繼續(xù)自己的事業(yè)，并獲得成功。把熱情付諸于行動(dòng)就會(huì)見到令人驚訝的結(jié)果。 21．A.carefully　　　　　　 B．casually C．quickly D.firmly 解析：選D　考查副詞。carefully“仔細(xì)地”；casually“隨便地，偶然地，臨時(shí)地”；quickly“快速地”；firmly“堅(jiān)定地，堅(jiān)決地，堅(jiān)

56、固地”。根據(jù)上句“我被解雇了”可知經(jīng)理堅(jiān)定地說：你離開這里之后無論做什么，把一些活力和熱情放進(jìn)你的工作！故選D。 22．A.curiosity B．life C.experience D．pleasure 解析：選B　考查名詞。curiosity“好奇心”；life“活力”；experience“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”；pleasure“快樂”。句意：把一些活力和熱情放進(jìn)你的工作！故選B。 23．A.proper B．other C.last D．only 解析：選C　考查形容詞。句意：那是我最不期盼他說的。故選C。 24．A.meanwhile

57、 B．therefore C.otherwise D.however 解析：選D　考查副詞。meanwhile“與此同時(shí)”；therefore“因此”；otherwise“否則”；however“然而”。句意：然而，一周后我被介紹去了the New Haven。故選D。 25．A.give out B．keep up C.stand out D．look up 解析：選C　考查動(dòng)詞短語。give out“分布，放出”；keep up“保持高漲”；stand out“突出”；look up“向上看，查閱”。句意：作為我生活當(dāng)中一件大的事情，在我記

58、憶中我在這里的第一天是突出的。故選C。 26．A.determined B.delighted C．excited D.moved 解析：選A　考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我下決心使我成為他們見過的最熱情的棒球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。故選A。 27．A.glanced B．a(chǎn)ppeared C．queued D．cheered 解析：選B　考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我從出現(xiàn)在場地的那一刻，就像一個(gè)帶電的人。故選B。 28．A.batteries B.machines C．players D.balls 解析：選A　考查名詞。句意：

59、我表現(xiàn)得好像帶著一百萬電池，充滿活力。故選A。 29．A.till B．before C．when D．though 解析：選C　考查狀語從句。句意：我最興奮的是第二天早上，當(dāng)我讀報(bào)紙的時(shí)候。故選C。 30．A.healthy B．popular C．familiar D.new 解析：選D　考查形容詞。句意：這名新選手充滿極大的熱情。故選D。 31．A.inspired B．satisfied C．upset D．disappointed 解析：選A　考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)上句：這名新選手充滿極大的熱情。可知這

60、里的意思是：他鼓舞了我們男孩們。故選A。 32．A.showing B．calling C.giving D.bringing 解析：選B　考查動(dòng)詞。句意：報(bào)紙開始把我稱為團(tuán)隊(duì)的生命。故選B。 33．A.included B.made C．took D．increased 解析：選D　考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我的收入增長了700%，故選D。 34．A.introducing B．leaving C.playing D．starting 解析：選C　考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我為圣路易斯打三壘并且我的收入增加了30倍。故選C。 35．A.alone B.

61、once C．a(chǎn)lso D．indeed 解析：選A　考查副詞。句意：只有熱情做到了它。故選A。 36．A.reputation B．quality C.theme D．profession 解析：選B　考查名詞。reputation“名聲”；quality“質(zhì)量”；theme“主題”；profession“職業(yè)”。句意：熱情是迄今為止地球上薪酬最高的品質(zhì)。故選B。 37．A.change B．enjoy C．spoil D．a(chǎn)dmire 解析：選B　考查動(dòng)詞。句意：它幫助你變得更加成功，享受更健康、更富有、更幸福的生活。故選B。

62、38．A.field B.memory C．a(chǎn)ction D．idea 解析：選C　考查名詞。句意：把這種規(guī)則付諸行動(dòng)30天。故選C。 39．A.efforts B.events C．factors D．results 解析：選D　考查名詞。句意：把這種規(guī)則付諸行動(dòng)30天，并準(zhǔn)備看看令人驚訝的結(jié)果。故選D。 40．A.with B.in C．without D．a(chǎn)t 解析：選A　考查介詞。句意：你能獲得熱情嗎？你生來就有熱情嗎？故選A。 Ⅳ.語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分) Restaurants in Europe,

63、 the United States and Japan are testing technology to let diners order their food __41__ (direct) from a screen at their table instead of depending __42__ a waiter to note their choice. The “emenu” can attract younger customers and make diners want to order __43__. In Israel, a company has alread

64、y used __44__ emenu technology in its sushi bars (壽司店), pubs and family restaurants. The system is based on touch screens already used in selfservice canteens (自助餐廳) or for __45__ (sell) tickets in airports and cinemas. “It’s about impulsebuying (沖動(dòng)消費(fèi))，” said Adi, the company’s chief manager.“__46_

65、_ a person starts looking at pictures of chocolate cake, the chances are he’ll order __47__. The company has also supplied its systems to restaurants in France, South Africa and Belgium. Frame, a fashionable sushi restaurant __48__ has used the system said sales on tables with the emenu __49__ (i

66、ncrease) by about 11 percent. “Customers often call ahead to arrange for places __50__ (equip) with the screens，” manager Edry told reporters. “It’s more visual (視覺的)，” said a customer. “We can still choose, and we can still argue — but it’s much easier when you can all see it.” 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。“電子菜單”正走進(jìn)餐館，“直觀的視覺感受”吸引了更多食客，他們點(diǎn)的菜肴也更多了，快來感受一下吧。 41．directly　修飾詞order應(yīng)用direct的副詞形式directly。 42．on　而不是“依賴”服務(wù)員來記錄他們的選擇。depend on“依靠，依賴”。 43．more　考查比較級。顯然電子菜單可以讓食客點(diǎn)的菜更多。