Unit 3 A taste of English humour.閱讀理解(2017成都外國語學(xué)校高三模擬)Something that has always interested me about Abraham Lincoln is, not surprisingly, his sense of humor. As far as I can tell, hes the first American President to have one.Thats because the term “sense of humor” really wasnt in common usage until the eighteensixties and seventies. In the eighteenforties and fifties, it was called “the sense of the ridiculous”， and didnt have the positive connotations(隱含意義)that “sense of humor” has today. Back then, what was ridiculous was what invited ridicule(譏笑). Funniness and cruelty went hand in hand. Of course, they still do a lot of arminarm walking in our day as well.Lincolns humor was very different, because, for one thing, it was actually “humor”as what the word meant in his time. We dont make the distinction between “wit(風(fēng)趣)” and “humor” anymore; but in the nineteenth century people did. Wit was unpleasant and offensive while humor was pleasant and sympathetic. Its the difference we note now when we distinguish between “l(fā)aughing with” and “l(fā)aughing at”. Lincoln was much more about “l(fā)aughing with” than “l(fā)aughing at”. And when “l(fā)aughing at”， it was often himself he was teasing.In the famous LincolnDouglas debates, when Douglas accused Lincoln of being twofaced, Lincoln replied, referencing his plain looking, “Honestly, if I were twofaced, would I be showing you this_one？” And, in a way, Lincolns face itself tells us much about his sense of humor. You can comb through thousands of photographs of politicians, soldiers, and the like from Lincolns time and not find a single smile. True, the long exposures(曝光)required for photographs of that time made smiling difficult. Yet Lincoln alone, as far as I can tell, overcame that difficulty.Interestingly, while having a sense of humor, or at least the appearance of one provided by comedy writers has become a necessary characteristic for an American President in our time, in the nineteenth century, too much humor was considered problem. And that was the case for Lincoln. A journalist covering the LincolnDouglas debates commented that “I could not take a real personal liking to the man, owing to an inborn weakness. that he was extremely fond of jokes, anecdotes and stories.”1We can infer from Paragraph 2 that _.Athe American President could influence the use of English Bthe term “sense of humor” wasnt invented until the 1860s Cwhat is funny to someone might be offensive to someone else Dthe concept of humor remains the same despite the passing of time 2The underlined words “this one” in Paragraph 4 refer to “_”ALincolns unattractive face BLincolns sense of humor Cthe debate they were having Dcruelty that went with funniness 3We rarely see people from Lincolns time wear smile in their photos because _.Abeing humorous was considered inappropriate Bthey found it quite funny to smile before camera Cnot smiling for photographs was the fashion Dphotography technology then was not advanced 4What might the writer think of the journalist covering the LincolnDouglas debates?AHis comment accurately reflected his time. BHe created a false picture of Lincoln. CHe was prejudiced and selfcentered. DHe was brave to point out Lincolns weakness. 答案與解析本文主要介紹了林肯的幽默。1C段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段可推知，幽默對一些人來說是幽默，而對另外一些人來說可能就是冒犯。2A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段畫線部分所在句和后面的“And，in a way，Lincolns face itself tells us much about his sense of humor.” 可知，畫線詞指的是林肯那張不吸引人的臉。故選A項(xiàng)。3D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中的“True, the long exposures (曝光) required for photographs of that time made smiling difficult.” 可知，是因?yàn)榕恼占夹g(shù)不先進(jìn)。故選D項(xiàng)。4A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段首句中的“in the nineteenth century, too much humor was considered a problem”可知，下面的例子是為了證明作者的這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，即那個(gè)記者的評論具有時(shí)代性。.七選五(2017安徽省馬鞍山市第二中學(xué)模擬)TOP 4 WAYS TO IMPROVE YOUR BRAIN FITNESSBrain fitness has basic principles: variety and curiosity. When anything you do becomes second nature, you need to make a change. If you can do the crossword puzzle in your sleep, its time for you to move on to a new challenge in order to get the best workout for your brain. Curiosity about the world around you, how it works and how you can understand it will keep your brain working fast and efficiently. _1_Play gamesBrain fitness programs and games are a wonderful way to tease and challenge your brain. Suduko, crosswords and electronic games can all improve your brains speed and memory. These games rely on logic, word skills, math and more. _2_ Youll get benefit more by doing these games a little bit every dayspend 15 minutes or so, not hours.Think deeplyThinking deeply is perhaps the single greatest thing you can do for your mind or body health. _3_ By creating a different mental state, you engage your brain in new and interesting ways while increasing your brain fitness.Eat for your brainYour brain needs you to eat healthy fats. Focus on fish oils from wild salmon, nuts such as walnuts, seeds such as flax seed and olive oil. _4_ Remove trans fats(反式脂肪)completely from your diet._5_Stories are a way that we solidify memories, interpret events and share moments. Practice telling your stories, both new and old, so that they are interesting, attractive and fun. Some basic storytelling techniques will go a long way in keeping peoples interest both in you and in what you have to say.AThese games are also fun.BLearn something from a story.CEat more of these foods and less fats.DEat as much as you can.ETell good stories.FUse the ideas below to help obtain your seek for mental fitness.GIt not only relaxes you, but gives your brain a workout.答案與解析文章介紹四種鍛煉方法讓你的大腦更健康。1F根據(jù)上文的句子“its time for you to move on to a new challenge in order to get the best workout for your brain.”可知下文介紹一些幫助訓(xùn)練腦部的方法。故選F。2A根據(jù)上文的句子“These games rely on logic, word skills, math and more.”介紹這些游戲的好處，可知，下面進(jìn)一步說明這些游戲也是有趣的。故選A。3G根據(jù)上文的句子“Thinking deeply is perhaps the single greatest thing you can do for your mind or body health.”可知這是介紹深層思考的好處，接下來是：這不僅讓你放松，也讓你的大腦鍛煉。故選G。4C根據(jù)上文的句子“Focus on fish oils from wild salmon, nuts such as walnuts, seeds such as flax seed and olive oil.”介紹一些健康食品，可知這里是，多吃這些食物，少一些脂肪。故選C。5E根據(jù)下文的句子“Stories are a way that we solidify memories, interpret events and share moments.”可知這段主要介紹講故事，說明小標(biāo)題是：講好的故事。故選E。.語法填空(2016四川高考)The giant panda _1_ (love) by people throughout the world.Chinese scientists _2_ (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.She was a very _3_ (care) mother.For 25 days，she never left her baby，not even to find something _4_ (eat)! She would not let any other pandas come near.She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean. Any smell might attract natural _5_ (enemy)that would try to eat the little panda.The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does. _6_ it cried，she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats. The mother continued to care for the young panda _7_ more than two years. By that time，the panda no longer needed _8_ (it) mother for food.However, it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest.Then，after two and a half years，the mother _9_ (drive) the young panda away. It was time for her to have a new baby, _10_ it was also time for the young panda to be independent.答案與解析本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了一只熊貓媽媽對熊貓寶寶的體貼和關(guān)愛。1is loved考查動詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。此處陳述客觀事實(shí)，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語“The giant panda”和動詞love之間是被動關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)；且主語“The giant panda”是單數(shù)形式。故填is loved。2recently考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處在句中作時(shí)間狀語，故用recent的副詞形式。故填recently。3caring/careful考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空格后的名詞“mother”可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞作定語；既可意為“關(guān)心的，有同情心的”，用caring；也可意為“細(xì)心的”，用careful。故填caring/careful。4to eat考查非謂語動詞?？崭裉幮揎棽欢ù~something，所以用不定式作后置定語，意為“吃的東西”。故填to eat。5enemies考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。此處指熊貓的天敵，因?yàn)樗奶鞌巢恢挂环N，所以用enemy的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填enemies。6When/If考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指當(dāng)熊貓寶寶哭叫時(shí)，熊貓媽媽就會安撫它，用連詞when；也可看作條件狀語從句，意為“如果小熊貓哭叫”，此時(shí)用連詞if。故填When/If。注意首字母大寫。7for考查介詞?！敖樵~for時(shí)間段”表示持續(xù)一段時(shí)間。故填for。8its考查代詞。修飾名詞“mother”應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。9drove考查動詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文可知，文中敘述熊貓媽媽對熊貓寶寶的關(guān)愛時(shí)都是用一般過去時(shí)，故此處也用一般過去時(shí)。故填drove。10and考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指是熊貓媽媽該生育新的熊貓寶寶的時(shí)候了，同時(shí)也是熊貓寶寶該獨(dú)立的時(shí)候了。此處是并列分句，故用連詞and表示順承和并列關(guān)系。故填and。.短文改錯(cuò)(2017海南省瓊海市嘉積中學(xué)月考)As we know，Charlie Chaplin brightened the lives of Americans and British during the period of silent films.Up to now nobody had been able to do this well than Charlie Chaplin. He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed，so they could feel more content in their lives.His charming character，the little tramp，was wellknown all over the world.It was a poor and homeless person wearing large trousers，wornout shoes and a small round black hat，and carried a walking stick.This character was social failure and he was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties.In the famous film The Gold Rush，Chaplin managed to make the situation entertained. Charlie Chaplin wrote，directed and produced the films he starred in them.He is loved and remembered as a great actor which could inspire people with great confident.答案As we know，Charlie Chaplin brightened the lives of Americans and British during the period of silent films.Up to now nobody been able to do this than Charlie Chaplin. He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed，so they could feel more content their lives.His charming character，the little tramp，was wellknown all over the world.It was a poor and homeless person wearing large trousers，wornout shoes and a small round black hat，and a walking stick.This character was social failure he was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties.In the famous film The Gold Rush，Chaplin managed to make the situation . Charlie Chaplin wrote，directed and produced the films he starred in .He is loved and remembered as a great actor could inspire people with great .書面表達(dá)(2017湖南省衡陽市第八中學(xué)月考)假定你是李華，上周日是你的外國朋友Anne 的生日。你本來答應(yīng)參加她的生日聚會，但是你當(dāng)時(shí)正忙于準(zhǔn)備月考，不小心忘了赴約。請寫信向Anne表達(dá)你的歉意，說明原因，并提出補(bǔ)救辦法。注意：1詞數(shù)100詞左右；2文章中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)學(xué)校與班級；3可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。_答案Dear Anne, I am very sorry that I didnt attend your birthday party last Sunday. I feel awful about it and want to apologize to you.It was nice of you to invite me to your party. I should have come and celebrated the precious moment with you, but the monthly test is around the corner, so I was so busy preparing for the test that I forgot the appointment. I hope you understand my situation and forgive me. Is it possible for you and me to have a private meeting after the test? I do long for a pleasant chat with you.It is much to my regret that I missed the chance of a happy gettogether. Once again, please accept my sincere apology.Yours，Li Hua我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展進(jìn)入新常態(tài)，需要轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，改變粗放式增長模式，不斷優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)，實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展進(jìn)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，推進(jìn)新型城鎮(zhèn)化，推動城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化因：我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展還面臨區(qū)域發(fā)展不平衡、城鎮(zhèn)化水平不高、城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展不平衡不協(xié)調(diào)等現(xiàn)實(shí)挑戰(zhàn)。