Unit 3 A healthy life一、閱讀理解。If you want to slow aging, you might want to eat less. This finding is good news-if you were a mouse. The researchers studied mice, not people.John Price and other researchers studied two groups of mice. One group was able to eat as much as it wanted. The researchers limited what the mice in the other group ate. Their diet had 35 percent fewer calories than the first group of mice.Price says the mice with the diet restrictions were “more energetic and suffered fewer disease.” They were not just living longer but seemed to stay younger for a longer period of time.The researchers found that fewer calories slow down a natural mechanism in cells called ribosomes. Price explains that ribosomes are responsible for making important proteins in the cells. But with fewer calories, they slow down. This gives the cells more time to repair themselves.The researchers say ribosomes use from 10 to 20 percent of the cells energy to make those proteins. Price wrote that “because of this, it is impractical to destroy an entire ribosome” when it starts to break down. However, “repairing individual parts of the ribosome on a regular basis enables ribosomes to continue producing high quality proteins for longer than they would otherwise. This top quality production, in turn, keeps cells and the entire body functioning well.”Price said, “ribosome is a very plex machine, like a car.” They need “maintenance to replace the parts that wear out the fastest. When tires wear out,” he explained, “you dont throw the whole car away and buy a new one. It costs less to replace the old tires.”“Food,” he said, “isnt just material to be burned-its a signal that tells our body and cells how to respond.” Price said the findings help to explain how exactly our bodies age. And this may “help us make more educated decisions about what we eat.”1.What can we know about the mice with limited calories from the study?A. They can keep healthy easilyB. They need more energy to be activeC. They can look younger than they areD. They will live a longer life like humans2.What will happen to ribosomes if there are fewer calories?A. They will pletely break downB. They make proteins in the cells slowlyC. They will produce high quality proteins moreD. They may need more time to repair themselves3.Price explained the ribosomes role of repairing themselves by _.A. telling a storyB. listing basic dataC. making parisonsD. experimenting on mice4.What does the text mainly deal with?A. Food decides how long you liveB. Can you slow down your aging process?C. Eating less may help you live longerD. Should your diet be reduced for your health?【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。通過研究實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)：吃的少會使你長壽。1.A 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中The researchers limited what the mice in the other group ate. Their diet had 35 percent fewer calories than the first group of mice.的提示可知他們能夠很容易保持健康，故選A。2.B 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中The researchers found that fewer calories slow down a natural mechanism in cells called ribosomes.的提示可知它們會在細胞中緩慢地產(chǎn)生蛋白質，故選B。4.C 【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段首句If you want to slow aging, you might want to eat less. This finding is good news的提示可知這片名文章的主旨是吃的少會使你長壽，故選C。 二、單句語法填空1No matter how busy he is, he makes it a rule_ (read) at least 20 minutes a day.答案：to read2We forgave his bad temper because we knew that his sons illness had put him under great_ (stressful)答案：stress3The new survey shows that the number of students _ (addict) to puter games has been on the increase in recent years.答案：addicted4_ spite of what has recently been done to provide more buses for the people，a shortage of public vehicles remains a problem.答案：In5The young couple had meant to travel abroad, but they cancelled the trip due _ the tough budget.答案：to6(江西卷)Ive got _ the habit of calling in on my grandparents on my way home from school.答案：into7The number of people infected with HIV may reach 50 million by 2020 unless _ (effect) measures are taken to prevent the spread of the disease.答案：effective8After decades of effort, the city is still trying to figure out how to ban _ (smoke) in public places.答案：smoking9It will be a long time before you are _ (accustom) to the local food.答案：accustomed10It is only when we cannot see perfectly _ we realize how important our eyes are.答案：that三、完形填空。Falling off a boxcar and landing on my head，I lost my sight when I was four years old. Now I am thirtytwo. I can 1 remember the brightness of sunshine.It would be wonderful to see again， 2 a tragedy can do strange things to people.It 3 to me that I might not have e to love life as I do now if I hadnt been blind.My parents and my teacher saw something 4 me, and they made me want to 5 against blindness.The hardest 6 I had to learn was to believe in myself. If I hadnt been able to do that, I would have 7 down for the rest of my life.When I say 8 in myself I am not talking about 9 the kind of selfconfidence that 10 me down an unfamiliar staircase(樓梯) alone. But I mean something bigger than that: the assurance that I am a real positive person 11 imperfections.It took me years to obtain this 12 . It had to start with the 13 . Once a man gave me an indoor 14 “I cant use this，” I said.“Take it with you，”he 15 me，“and roll it around.” The 16 stuck in my head.“Roll it around！”By rolling the ball I could hear where it went.This gave me an idea how to achieve a goal I had thought 17 At the school for the blind I 18 a new kind of baseball called the“ground ball”All my life I have set a series of goals and then tried to reach them，one at a time.I had to learn my 19 . I would fail sometimes anyway but on the average I made 20 【解題導語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了“我”在四歲的時候失去了視力，但通過一件小事，“我”學會了自信，并逐漸取得進步的過程。1A.randomly BabruptlyCroughlyDpletelyC解析：“我”四歲時失去視力，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)三十二歲了。由此可推知，此處表示“我”粗略地記得，故選C。roughly“粗略地，大致上”。2A.soBbutCthusDandB解析：根據(jù)語境可知，上下文之間是轉折關系，故選B。3A.occurredBreferred CbroughtDturnedA解析：“我”想到如果“我”沒有失明，“我”可能不會像現(xiàn)在這樣熱愛生活。It occurs to sb.that.為固定句型，意為“某人想到”。4A.ofBfor CtoDinD解析：“我”父母以及老師看到了“我”內在的一些東西，他們讓“我”想要與失明作斗爭。根據(jù)語境可知，此處應選D。5A.getBfight CfindDdropB解析：參見上題解析。fight against.“與作斗爭”。6A.methodBexperience ClessonDmannerC解析：“我”學到的最困難的一課(lesson)就是要相信“我”自己。7A.brokenBput CsettledDlayA解析：如果“我”做不到那樣的話，“我”可能已經(jīng)精神崩潰了。break down“(在健康或精神等方面)垮掉”。8A.courageBambition CbeliefDpowerC解析：根據(jù)上文中的“to believe in myself”可知，此處應選C項與上文相照應。9A.firmlyBsimply CfairlyDslightlyB解析：“我”說的信心并不僅僅(simply)指幫助(helps)“我”走下陌生樓梯的自信。10A.stopsBhelps CfindsDgivesB解析：參見上題解析。11A.despiteBbesides CwithoutDunlikeA解析：盡管“我”是一個不完美的人，但是“我”是一個積極的人。despite“盡管”，符合語境。12A.descriptionBexistenceCaccusationDrecognitionD解析：“我”花了很多年才認識到這一點。A項意為“描述”；B項意為“存在”；C項意為“控告”；D項意為“認識”。13A.intelligenceBincidentCtroubleDdeterminationB解析：這得從一件小事開始。A項意為“智慧”，B項意為“小事”；C項意為“麻煩”；D項意為“決心”。14A.chairBbaseball CgameDdesignB解析：根據(jù)下文中的“a new kind of baseball”可知，此處指棒球。15A.urgedBblamed CgreetedDteasedA解析：根據(jù)語境可知，此處指他一直在敦促“我”。urge “強烈要求，敦促”。16A.goalsBwords CimagesDideasB解析：他所說的話(words)印在“我”的腦海中，故選B。17A.valuableBreasonableCimpossibleDunbearableC解析：這給了“我”一個如何實現(xiàn)“我”認為不可能(impossible)的目標的想法。A項意為“有價值的”；B項意為“合情理的”；C項意為“不可能的”；D項意為“無法容忍的”。18A.discoveredBequippedCformedDinventedD解析：在盲人學?！拔摇卑l(fā)明(invented)了一種新的被稱為“地滾球”的棒球。A項意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；B項意為“配備”；C項意為“形成”；D項意為“發(fā)明”。19A.limitationsBadvantagesCpuzzlesDpersonalitiesA解析：“我”不得不了解自己的不足之處。limitation“(某人或某物的)局限性，不足之處”。20A.senseBprogressCmistakesDdecisionsB解析：“我”有時會失敗，但一般說來“我”取得了進步。make progress“取得進步”。四、單句改錯1(2018湖南省重點中學聯(lián)考)When we does make a mistake, we must correct it fully, openly, and as quickly as possible._ 答案：doesdo2The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism to the wildlife in the area._ 答案：第二個toon/upon3Accustoming to living in Tianjin for quite a few years, Mr.Park had little difficulty understanding Chinese._ 答案：AccustomingAccustomed或Accustoming后加himself4Im not a little tired today after giving the room a thorough cleaning and I have never had as more tiring a day as today._ 答案：去掉more5Experts are concerned that Britains youth are prepared to take risk with their health. _ 答案：risk risks或在risk前加a五、單元語法it的用法1(2018陜西西安83中階段考試)I think _ possible that he has got the ticket for tonights concert.So do I. He seemed very happy for the whole afternoon.答案：it2(2018安徽江南十校聯(lián)考)_ was only when I watched the film a second time that I had a better understanding of what it was talking about.答案：It3You may depend on _ that they will look after your daughter when you are away.答案：it4From the teachers patient explanation, I have learnt what a big responsibility _ is to educate us.答案：it5(2015廣東卷)Its a waste of time playing games and _ will have a bad effect on their study.答案：it