Unit 2 English around the world*閱讀理解The first potatoes were grown by the Incas of South America, more than 400 years ago. Their descendants(后代) in Ecuador and Chile continue to grow the vegetable as high as 14，000 feet up in the Andes Mountains. (Thats higher than any other food will grow.) Early Spanish and English explorers shipped potatoes to Europe, and they found their way to North America in the early 1600s.People eat potatoes in many waysbaked, mashed, and roasted, to name just three. However, in the United States most potatoes are eaten in the form of French fries. One fastfood chain alone sells more than $1 billion worth of fries each year. No wonder, then, that the pany pays particular attention to the way its fries are prepared.Before any fry makes it to the people who eat at these popular restaurants，it must pass many separate tests. Fail any one of these tests and the potato is rejected. To start with, only Russet Burbank potatoes are used. These Idaho potatoes have less water content than other kinds, which can have as much as 80 percent water. Once cut into “shoestrings” shapes，the potatoes are partly fried in a secret blend of oils, sprayed with liquid sugar to brown them, steam dried at high heat, then flash frozen for shipment to individual restaurants.Before shipping，every shoestring is measured. Forty percent of a batch must be between two and three inches long. Another 40 percent has to be over three inches. What about the 20 percent that are left in the batch? Well, a few short fries in a bag are okay，it seems.So，now that you realize the enormous size and value of the potato crop, you can understand why most people agree that this part of the food industry is no “small potatoes”【解題導語】本文介紹了土豆被引進美國的歷史及炸薯條在美國食物產業(yè)中舉足輕重的地位。1Potatoes in North America came directly from AChileBEuropeCEcuadorDthe Andes MountainsB解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據文中第一段最后一句可知，北美最早的土豆來自歐洲。故選B項。2Why does the pany pay special attention to the way the fries are prepared?ABecause selling fries is a big business.BBecause fries are not easy to prepare at all.CBecause Americans are particular about fries.DBecause the government has a strict rule for that.A解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段的One fastfood chain alone sells more than $1 billion worth of fries each year. No wonder, then, that the pany pays particular attention to the way its fries are prepared.可知，在美國，炸薯條是個很大的行業(yè)，所以會被特殊關注。故選A項。3In the last paragraph, the writer mainly wants to say Asmall potatoes cannot be used for friesBpotatoes are really important for AmericansCeating in America is the very first thingDfries are really important for food industryD解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的內容this part of the food industry is no “small potatoes”可知，在美國，炸薯條在食品產業(yè)中不是“小土豆”(無足輕重的東西)，由此可推測，炸薯條在食品產業(yè)中占有重要的地位。故選D項。4What is the main idea of this passage?AThe average American eats 50 pounds of potatoes a year.BFrench fries are made from potatoes.CPotato is a key vegetable in America.DThe various terms for potatoes have a long history.C解析：主旨大意題。根據全文內容可知，在美國，土豆可以有多種吃法，尤其是炸薯條，深受人們的歡迎，也因此帶來了強大的商業(yè)利潤，在食品產業(yè)中占有重要地位。因此，本文的主旨是，在美國土豆是很重要的蔬菜。故選C項。*語法填空Theres no such thing _1_ living alone. Never mind if youre the only person in your house and have no dog, no cat, or even no fish. You still have got several billion _2_ (roommate) and so do we all. Some of them are harmless, some are _3_ (actual) helpful and some could even kill you. They are, of course, bacteria, fungi (霉菌) and viruses, and whether you like it or not, theyre on you, around you, and deeply within you. The fact _4_ bacteria are everywhere is not surprising. Its something you _5_ (learn) from your childhood when your mother told you not to drink water from someone elses glass. There are lots of bacteria _6_ are living in your tea kettle. There are bacteria _7_ (sleep) with you on your bed. Scientists are beginning _8_ (realize) the richness of the microbiome (微生物群系), which is as plex as the ones _9_ (find) in oceans, rainforests, deserts and woodlands. Your house has a microbiome and _10_ do you.1_2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。世上沒有真正獨自的生活，即使你單獨在家，家里沒有狗、貓或者魚，你身邊還是有成千上萬的陪伴者各種細菌、霉菌和病毒。1as考查固定結構。There is no such thing as . “沒有像這樣的事”。2roommates考查名詞的復數。roommate為可數名詞，由several billion可知，應用復數形式。3actually考查詞性轉換。此處應用副詞修飾形容詞helpful。4that考查同位語從句的連接詞。根據語境可知，本句中含有由that引導的同位語從句，解釋說明The fact的具體內容。5learned/learnt考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據下文中的told可知，應用一般過去時。6which/that考查定語從句的引導詞。分析句子結構可知，空處引導定語從句，先行詞為bacteria，指物，關系詞在從句中作主語，故用which或that。7sleeping考查非謂語動詞。bacteria與sleep存在邏輯上的主謂關系，故用現在分詞作后置定語。8to realize考查非謂語動詞。start和begin后跟表示心理狀態(tài)或精神活動的動詞時，如understand和realize等，常用不定式。9found考查非謂語動詞。the ones與find是被動關系，應用過去分詞作后置定語。10so考查特殊句型。“so助動詞主語”表示“也如此”。*完形填空My daughter(now 18)was born with a hemangioma tumor(血管瘤)by her eye.At first it was small, and hardly _1_.After five months，it became the _2_ of a coin._3_ I took her out，people could not _4_ their ments to themselves.“Who hit her？”，“Is that a bug bite？” I never could think of a(n) _5_ response for these people.I was _6_ to be kind and understanding，and assumed that other people had also been taught these _7_.One day I was at the _8_，with my 3yearold son，my daughter，and at this time pregnant with my third child.A woman _9_ me，I thought here we go _10_.She said that God must not have wanted my daughter to _11_ him，as he left her with a _12_.She went on to say that _13_ with these kisses were always surrounded by angels.I was astonished.What a _14_，more loving approach to someone with a problem!My daughter will _15_ this year from High School.She is beautiful.Her early years were spent in and out of _16_.Finally the tumor was removed，because it _17_ her vision.It is not noticeable _18_ in the bright sun.She spent this year as the dance scholar for our school.She danced for 4 years on our dancedrill team.She had _19_ many scholarships.Her life is wonderful.The woman in the mall made me a better parent.Perhaps，this _20_ will help make someone else a better parent，too.1A.noticeableBbearableCrecognized Daccepted2A.colour BweightCsize Dwidth3A.One day BEvery timeCLater DRecently4A.make BhelpCtell Dhold5A.exact BappropriateCrude Dpractical6A.learned BbroughtCconsidered Dtaught7A.qualities BprinciplesCquestions Dopinions8A.party BofficeCmall Dmeeting9A.approached BsawCappreciated Dcalled10A.now BlaterCagain Dquickly11A.understand BleaveChate Dremember12A.scar BkissCmark Dsign13A.mothers BgodsCfaces Dbabies14A.stranger BclevererCkinder Dhappier15A.develop BsucceedCgraduate Dimprove16A.hospitals BschoolsCillness Dsight17A.blocked BstoppedCinjured Ddeepened18A.despite BexceptCalthough Dbecause19A.given BprovedCleft Dreceived20A.lesson BstoryCadventure Dtumor【解題導語】本文是一篇記敘文。一個陌生人的暖心話語使作者在女兒的問題上成為了更好的家長，她希望這個故事能夠使其他的父母也成為更好的家長。1A考查形容詞辨析。根據前面的“At first it was small”可知，此處應指血管瘤剛開始很小，幾乎不能被注意到。A項意為“明顯的”，符合語境。B項意為“可忍受的”；C項意為“公認的，經過驗證的”；D項意為“可接受的”，均與語境不符。故選A項。2C考查名詞辨析。上文提到，剛開始，血管瘤很小，幾乎不能被注意到；由“After five months”可知，此處與上文形成對比，指五個月后，血管瘤長到硬幣那樣大。C項意為“大小，尺寸”，符合語境。A項意為“顏色”；B項意為“重量”；D項意為“寬度”，均與語境不符。故選C項。3B考查狀語從句。根據語境可知，此處指每次“我”帶她出去玩的時候；分析句子結構可知，空格處引導時間狀語從句，every time意為“每當的時候”，可引導時間狀語從句，符合題意，而其他三項無此用法。故選B項。4D考查動詞辨析。根據語境可知，此處指人們看到“我”的女兒總是無法停下他們的評論。D項意為“停下”，符合語境。故選D項。5B考查形容詞辨析。由語境可知，此處指“我”從沒想出一個適當的回應給這些人。B項意為“適當的”，符合語境。A項意為“精確的”；C項意為“粗魯的”；D項意為“實用的”，均與語境不符。故選B項。6D考查動詞辨析。根據下文“assumed that other people had also been taught these”中的“taught”可知，“我”被教導要善良，要體諒別人，所以“我”認為其他人也被這樣教導。故選D項。7A考查名詞辨析。根據上文中的“kind and understanding”可知，此處指他們也被教導這樣的品質。A項意為“品質”，符合語境。B項意為“原則”；C項意為“問題”；D項意為“觀點”，均與語境不符。故選A項。8C考查名詞辨析。根據最后一段倒數第二句“The woman in the mall made me a better parent.”中的“mall”可知，此處指一天懷孕的“我”帶著女兒和3歲的兒子在商場買東西。故選C項。9A考查動詞辨析。根據下文可知，此處指有一個女人向“我”走來。A項意為“靠近”，符合語境。B項意為“看見”；C項意為“欣賞，感激”；D項意為“給打電話”，均與語境不符。故選A項。10C考查副詞辨析。根據上文人們看見“我”的女兒就會進行評論可知，此處指“我”想在這里“我們”會再次遭遇同樣的經歷。故選C項。11B考查動詞辨析。根據下文內容可知，此處指那個女人說，上帝一定是不想讓“我”的女兒離開他。B項意為“離開”，符合語境。A項意為“理解”；C項意為“憎恨”；D項意為“記得”，均與語境不符。故選B項。12B考查名詞辨析。根據下文中的“with these kisses were always surrounded by angels”可知，此處指上帝在“我”女兒的臉上留下了一個吻。B項意為“吻”，符合語境。A項意為“疤痕”；C項意為“標記”；D項意為“跡象”，均與語境不符。故選B項。13D考查名詞辨析。根據語境可知，此處指有這樣吻痕的孩子會永遠被天使圍繞著。故選D項。14C考查形容詞辨析。根據“more loving”可知，此處指這與那些總是進行評論的人相比是更友善、更有愛意的方式。C項意為“更友善的”，符合語境。A項意為“更奇怪的”；B項意為“更聰明的”；D項意為“更快樂的”，均與語境不符。故選C項。15C考查動詞辨析。根據“from High School”可知，此處指“我”的女兒今年會高中畢業(yè)。C項意為“畢業(yè)”，符合語境。A項意為“發(fā)展”；B項意為“成功”；D項意為“改善”，均與語境不符。故選C項。16A考查名詞辨析。根據上文內容可知，作者的女兒患有血管瘤；由此可推知，為了看病，女兒早些年一定是進進出出于醫(yī)院。故選A項。17A考查動詞辨析。根據上文中的“Finally the tumor was removed”可知，最后，血管瘤被摘除了，因為它阻礙了她的視力。A項意為“阻礙”，符合語境。B項意為“停止”；C項意為“傷害”；D項意為“加深”，均與語境不符。故選A項。18B考查詞義辨析。根據語境可知，此處指現在，如果不是在明亮的陽光下，她那小小的傷疤一點也不明顯。B項意為“除了”，符合語境。A項意為“不管”；C項意為“盡管”；D項意為“因為”，均與語境不符。故選B項。19D考查動詞辨析。根據空格后的“many scholarships”可知，此處指女兒得到了許多獎學金。D項意為“收到，拿到”，符合語境。A項意為“給”；B項意為“證明”；C項意為“離開”，均與語境不符。故選D項。20B考查名詞辨析?？v觀全文可知，本文作者敘述的是一個關于自己和女兒的故事。故此處表示，那個在商場里遇到的女人讓“我”成為一個稱職的家長?；蛟S，這個故事也能夠使其他人成為更好的家長。B項意為“故事”，符合語境。A項意為“課，教訓”；C項意為“冒險經歷”；D項意為“腫瘤”，均與語境不符。故選B項。長難句分析：She said that God must not have wanted my daughter to leave him, as he left her with a kiss.(第二段第一句)分析：本句是復合句。that引導賓語從句，作said的賓語；must not have done表示對過去事實的否定推測，意為“一定不”；as引導原因狀語從句。譯文：她說上帝一定是舍不得讓我的女兒離開他，因為他留給了她一個吻。詞匯積累：tumor n瘤pregnant adj.懷孕的vision n視力，視線scholarship n獎學金*短文改錯Three years ago I became a student in an ordinary school. Disappointing as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorlyequipped classroom, I found the teachers patiently and considerate. Beside, I enjoyed the friendly atmosphere in class. I decided to make the best of it. I worked hardly and got along well my teachers and classmates. Whenever I had difficulties, they are always available. Soon, I became one of the top student in our class, that greatly increased my confidence and I got more motivated. My experience tells me that it is not what you are given but how you make a use of it what determines who you are.答案：Three years ago I became a student in an ordinary school. as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorlyequipped classroom, I found the teachers and considerate. ， I enjoyed the friendly atmosphere in class. I decided to make the best of it. I worked and got along well my teachers and classmates. Whenever I had difficulties, they always available. Soon, I became one of the top in our class, greatly increased my confidence and I got more motivated. My experience tells me that it is not what you are given but how you make use of it determines who you are.難項分析：第三處：BesideBesides考查副詞。根據語境可知，此處表示“此外，而且”。beside為介詞，表示“在旁邊”。故把Beside改為Besides。第八處：thatwhich考查定語從句的引導詞。根據句子結構來判斷，逗號后的句子是一個非限制性定語從句，補充說明前面整個主句的內容，故把that改為which。第十處：whatthat考查強調句型。根據句子結構來判斷，這是一個強調句型“It is被強調部分that . ”，句中強調的是主語not what . use of it(含有not . but . 結構)，故把what改為that。*