Unit 8 Adventure(一)課前自主學習.閱讀單詞知其意1safari n(尤指在東非或中非的)游獵， 探險旅行2raft n. 木排，木筏3whitewater rafting 激流漂流4horizon n. 地平線5bungee jumping n. 蹦極 6snowboarding n. 單板滑雪7snowrafting n. 動力雪橇滑降8the Antarctic 南極地區(qū)_9sledge n. 雪車，雪橇10Norwegian adj. 挪威的 n. 挪威人11Arctic n. 北極，北極區(qū)12philosophy n. 哲學.重點單詞寫其形1adventure_ n. 奇遇，冒險的經(jīng)歷2major adj. 較重要的；較嚴重的3wild adj. 野生的；狂熱的4extra_adj. 特別的；額外的5altitude n. 高度，海拔6exactly adv. 確切地，精確地7risk vt. 冒的危險 8excitement n. 興奮，激動9statement_ n. 陳述10quantity n縱聯(lián)1 量，數(shù)量11sadness n. 悲哀，憂傷12function vi. 運轉；發(fā)揮作用13nationality n. 國籍14aim_n. 目標；目的15transport_ n. 運輸，運送16disadvantage n. 不利，不利條件 17staff n. 員工，全體工作人員18survival n. 幸存，殘存19shelter n. 遮蔽，庇護所20observe vt. 縱聯(lián)2 觀察，觀測21cheerful adj. 縱聯(lián)3 愉快的，高興的22limit n. 邊界；限度.拓展單詞通其變1distant adj.遠處的；久遠的distance n遙遠2differ vi.不同于，有區(qū)別difference n不同之處different adj.不同的3anxious adj.憂慮的，擔心的anxiety n焦慮，不安4extreme adj.極度的，極端的extremely adv.極其地，極端地5similarity n相似性；類似性similar adj.同樣的；類似的similarly adv.同樣地；類似地6amaze vt.使驚愕(驚奇)amazed adj.驚愕的，吃驚的amazing adj.令人驚異的amazement n吃驚，驚愕7confuse vt.使困惑confused adj.困惑的confusing adj.令人困惑的confusion n混亂；困惑8preparation n準備，預備prepare vt.準備；預備9patience n耐心；忍耐力patient adj.耐心的n.病人patiently adv.耐心地縱聯(lián)1.由quantity想到的several幾個 couple一對score二十 dozen十二個numerous許多的 none沒有hundred一百 million百萬billion十億 trillion萬億縱聯(lián)2.“看”遍天下notice注意到，留心 observe觀察watch觀看，關注 stare (at)凝視，盯著看glance (at)匆匆看一眼；瞥 glare (at)怒視；瞪witness經(jīng)歷，見證 peer窺視，凝視look (at)看 gaze凝視glimpse一瞥縱聯(lián)3.今兒個真“高興”cheerful happyglad pleaseddelighted joyfulmerry nicepleasant agreeable單元話題冒險活動子話題1冒險活動的準備visa n簽證 passport n護照insurance n保險 suitcase n小提箱baggage n行李 reserve vt.預訂destination n目的地，終點 set out/off出發(fā)book a room預訂房間 put up投宿check in登記入住子話題2冒險活動的分類expedition n遠征 journey n旅行，行程tour n參觀，觀光，旅行 voyage n航行，旅行outing n郊游，遠足 trip n短途旅行學考對接活學活用高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞匯應用1(2017天津高考閱讀D)This one requires a bit of discipline. Properly preparing packaged noodle soup requires a Forced Wait. Directions are very specific. “Bring three cups of water to boil, add mix, simmer three minutes, remove from heat, let stand five minutes.” I have my doubts that anyone has actually followed the procedures strictly. After all, Forced Waiting requires (patient)寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根名詞：preparation，加黑詞在此句中為動名詞作主語寫出加黑詞在本單元的同義副詞：exactly用所給詞的適當形式填空：patience2(2013北京高考完形)Lola doesnt want to be treated differently from the other girls on her team.At petitions, the judges dont know about her vision problems.She doesnt tell them, because she doesnt think they need to know.Her mom is amazed by her positive attitude.寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根動詞：differ寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根動詞：amaze寫出加黑詞在本單元的形近異義詞：altitude3(2010四川高考完形)About twenty minutes into the adventure， the entire airplane became very quiet.There was now a sense of anxiety and fear that could be clearly noticed.寫出加黑詞在此處的漢語意思：冒險的經(jīng)歷，加黑詞也可作動詞，意為冒險，大膽說出寫出加黑詞在本單元的同義形容詞：extreme寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根形容詞：anxious該句為there be句型，其謂語動詞的單復數(shù)由后面的名詞或代詞來決定高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞匯應用(根據(jù)漢語及提示詞翻譯句子)1(2018北京高考書面表達)外國學生沉浸于我的每一個舉動，他們再次驚訝于這種獨特的文化，忍不住不時拍照。(amazed)Absorbed_in_every_move_of_mine,_the_foreign_students_were_once_again_amazed_by_this_unique_culture_and_they_couldnt_help_taking_pictures_from_time_to_time.2(2018江蘇高考書面表達)排名的利與弊通常是緊密相關的，對排名保持客觀的態(tài)度很有必要。(disadvantage)The_advantages_and_disadvantages_of_ratings_are_often_closely_related.It_is_necessary_to_hold_an_objective_attitude_towards_ratings. (二)課堂重點釋疑1differ vi.不同于，有區(qū)別記牢(1)differ from . in . 在方面與不同differ with sb. 與某人意見不同(2)different adj. 不同的，有差異的be different from . 不同于(3)difference n. 差異，差別make a/no difference 有/無影響tell the difference between A and B指出A與B的不同練通單句語法填空The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities.I differ with him on that point where the bridge will be built, though he may be right.I knew it was the difference (different) between life and death.完成句子Even though we pletely_differ_from_each_other_in_character,_we are still great friends. 雖然我們在性格上完全不同，但我們仍然是很好的朋友。Only if we know what we do in our daily life and live a lowcarbon life can we make_a_difference.只有我們知道在日常生活中做什么，過一種低碳生活，我們才能有所影響。寫美(2015湖南高考書面表達)從我個人的經(jīng)驗中我認識到幾個贊美之詞對有些人會產生很大的影響。From_my_own_experience,_I_learn_that_several_words_of_praise_can_make_a_great_difference_to_someone.2risk vt.冒的危險n.冒險；危險；風險記牢(1)risk (doing) sth. 冒險(做)某事(2)at the risk of (doing) sth. 冒著(做)某事的風險take/run the risk of (doing) sth. 冒的危險；冒險做某事take/run a risk/risks 冒險at risk 處境危險；遭受危險at all risks/at any risk 無論冒什么風險，無論如何練通單句語法填空A rescue worker risked his life saving (save) two tourists trapped in the mountains for two days.He was determined to do it even at the risk of being_laughed (laugh) at.完成句子Whoever you are, dont take/run_the_risk_of_doing_a_job like that.無論你是誰，都不要冒險做那樣一份工作。The captain was not willing to risk_taking_his_ship through the straits in such bad weather.船長不愿意在這樣惡劣的天氣里冒險將船駛過海峽。寫美句型轉換The passerby saved the boys life at the risk of losing his own life.The passerby risked his own life saving the boys life.3confuse vt.使困惑；使迷惑；混淆記牢(1)confuse A with/and B將A和B混淆(2)confused adj. 困惑的，糊涂的；不清楚的be/get confused 被弄糊涂confusing adj. 令人迷惑的(3)confusion n. 混亂；困惑in confusion 困惑地，困窘地；亂七八糟，處于混亂狀態(tài)練通單句語法填空His writing is so confusing (confuse) that its difficult to make out what he is trying to express.She got shocked and confused (confuse) smoke was pouring from the kitchen.完成句子I always confuse_you_with_your_sister you look so alike.我總是把你和你妹妹搞混你們太像了。He looked at me in_confusion and did not answer the question.他困惑地看著我，沒有回答問題。寫美(2018江蘇高考書面表達)比如，有很多的參考書，我從中進行選擇的時候常感到困惑。For_example,_there_are_plenty_of_reference_books_which_I_am_often_confused_to_choose_from.4preparation n準備，預備記牢為(做)某事做準備 (be) in preparation 在準備中(2)prepare vt. 預備；籌備；調制；為做準備 vi. 準備；預備；做準備prepare to do sth. 準備做某事prepare (sb.) for sth. (使某人)為某事做準備(3)prepared adj. 有準備的，事先準備好的愿意做某事；為(做)某事做好準備練通單句語法填空I prepare to_graduate (graduate) from Sanford HCalhoun High School in Merrick.The best preparation (prepare) for tomorrow is doing your best today.完成句子The teacher is_preparing_the_reviewing_quiz,_while the students are_preparing_for it.老師正在準備復習測試題，而學生正在為測試做準備。These materials are useful to review in_preparation_for the final exam.這些材料對復習準備期末考試很有幫助。If you are selected in this position, you must prepare_to_travel on business frequently.如果你被錄取，你必須準備經(jīng)常出差。Mrs.White is busy making_preparations_for her daughters wedding.懷特夫人正忙著為女兒的婚禮做準備。寫美(2018全國卷書面表達)首先，依據(jù)我們的傳統(tǒng)，你應該早點到達以便于你能幫助主人準備晚餐，那不僅有意義且有趣。To_begin_with,_according_to_our_tradition,_you_are_supposed_to_arrive_early_so_that_you_can_help_the_host_prepare_the_dinner,_which_is_not_only_meaningful_but_also_interesting.5aim n目標，目的；瞄準vi.& vt.瞄準；對準；針對；(朝某方向)努力辨清寫出下列句中aim的含義Theyre aiming at training everybody by the end of the year.(朝某方向)努力Before the hunter could take aim, the deer jumped out of sight.瞄準Our aim is to make the students speech prehensible.目標，目的This antismoking campaign is mainly aimed at young teenagers.針對記牢(1)take aim at向瞄準with the aim of 以為目標；旨在(2)aim sth. at sb./sth. 用某物朝向/瞄準某人或某物aim at doing sth./aim to do sth. 意欲、企圖、旨在做某事be aimed at 目的是；旨在(3)aimless adj. 無目的的aimlessly adv. 無目標地練通單句語法填空Im aiming to_finish (finish) all tasks before the summer holidays.They will start their project, aiming at helping (help) the poor children to be educated in the west of China.單句改錯There was a time when he had nothing to do, wandering aimless in the street all the day. aimlessaimlessly完成句子She visited the school with_the_aim_of learning more advanced teaching experience.她參觀學校的目的是學習更多先進的教學經(jīng)驗。Slowly he raised his bow and began to take_aim_at the bird standing in the tree in the distance.慢慢地他舉起弓，開始瞄準那只站在遠處樹上的鳥。寫美(2017全國卷書面表達)我寫信邀請你加入我們學校的乒乓球隊，目的是培養(yǎng)我們的興趣，提高我們的技術。I_am_writing_to_invite_you_to_join_the_table_tennis_team_in_our_school,_aiming_at_developing_our_interests_and_improving_our_skills.6observe vt.觀察，觀測；遵守；慶祝辨清寫出下列句中observe的含義It is necessary that traffic rules should be worked out and strictly observed.遵守Radar is able to observe human behavior.觀察Could you tell me how you usually observe Thanksgiving Day in your country？慶祝記牢(1)observe sb.do/doing sth.看到某人做了/正在做某事observe sth.done 看到某事被做observe a rule 遵守規(guī)則observe the law 遵守法律(2)observer n. 觀察者observation n. 觀察；觀察力；觀測under observation 在觀察中，在監(jiān)視中練通單句語法填空She observed a man walking (walk) on the opposite side of the way.According to observers (observe), the plane exploded shortly after takeoff.In hospital shell be under observation (observe) all the time.翻譯句子當我們慶祝節(jié)日的時候，我們也必須遵守交通規(guī)則。When_we_observe_festivals,_we_must_also_observe_the_traffic_rules.用準observe作“觀察；注意”講時，可用省去to的動詞不定式或v.ing形式作賓語補足語；但如果用于被動語態(tài)，省去的動詞不定式符號to要還原。The police observed the man enter the bank.The man was observed to enter the bank by the police.寫美(2015江蘇高考書面表達)遵守交通規(guī)則是我們每個人的職責，這樣我們的社會才能井然有序。It_is_everybodys_duty_to_observe_traffic_rules_to_keep_our_society_in_order.7limit vt.限制；限定n.界限；邊界；限度記牢(1)limit . to .把限定在范圍內(2)set a limit to/on . 對規(guī)定限度within the limits of . 在范圍內within limits 在一定范圍內；有限度地without limit 無限地(3)limited adj. 有限的be limited to sth. 受限制于某物練通單句語法填空My fianc (未婚夫) and I were excited about shopping for our first home.But our funds were limited (limit)There is a limit to ones life, but no limit to serving (serve) the people.We must limit the expenses to what we can afford.完成句子Within_the_limits_of legal rights, people are free to do as they please.在法律權限范圍內，人們可以自由地做他們高興做的事。We must set_a_limit_to the expense of the trip.我們必須為此次旅游費用定一個限額。Our life has a limit, but knowledge is without_limit.生命有限，知識無涯。寫美(2015全國卷書面表達)文章的長度應限制在四百詞左右。The_length_of_the_article_should_be_limited_to_400_words_or_so.詞匯過關綜合訓練.單詞拼寫1Your work has improved in quantity (數(shù)量) and quality this term.2There were so many people that the pany put on extra (額外的) buses.3There are various (各種各樣的) ways of getting to the station: by bus, by car or on foot.4Upon reaching this level, temperature no longer increases with altitude (高度)5Saunders lawyer made a brief statement (陳述) to the press outside the court.6Despite the power cuts, the hospital continued to function (正常運轉) normally.7Judging from what he has just said, the pany will reduce the staff (員工)8The two Frenchmen went through strange adventures (奇遇) in the African forests.9They are now facing a major (較重要的) problem how they finish the work on time.10The government is taking measures to turn the school into a good shelter (庇護所) for all the students.單句語法填空1Changing schools did make a difference (differ) to my life.2He stopped in confusion (confuse) as everyone turned to look at him.3When I passed his house, I observed him playing (play) in his yard.4Take a risk, and you may lose again, but you have improved your chances to win.5The monitor assigned us to make preparations for the uping Christmas party.6Neither should we embrace online voting aimlessly (aimless) nor can we deny it pletely.7He got wellprepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk losing (lose) the good opportunity.8In addition, the information about each word in a pocket dictionary is generally limited (limit).單句改錯1The question is so hard, and were all getting confusing about it. confusingconfused2People differ from each other on their reaction to this problem. onin3The team have been training hard in preparations for the big game. preparationspreparation4Bruce was observed leave the building with two young men and take a taxi away. leave前加to5The program is aiming at a teenage audience, so it is popular with them. aimingaimed.完成句子/一句多譯1湯姆正在學習，為下次考試做準備。Tom is studying in_preparation_for the next examination.2一項調查表明，人們對該吃什么才能保持健康這個問題感到困惑。A survey showed people were_confused_about what they should eat to stay healthy.3美國人和中國人在時間的處理上非常不一樣。Americans_and_Chinese_differ_in_managing_time.(differ in)Americans_differ_from_Chinese_in_managing_time.(differ from)Americans_are_different_from_Chinese_in_managing_time.(different)4為了通過駕照考試，他努力訓練。He trained hard with_the_aim_of_passing_the_driving_test. (with the aim of)He trained hard, aiming_at_passing_the_driving_test.(aim at)He trained hard, aiming_to_pass_the_driving_test.(aim to do sth.)(一)課前自主學習1right_now就在此刻2in_order_to_do_something 目的是，以便3upside_down 顛倒地，倒置地4turn_up串記1 出現(xiàn)，到場；調高聲音5back_out 決定不履行(允諾的事)6get_across 使理解(某事)7in_turn 輪流8break_out 串記2 (壞事)突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)9put_._into_prison 把關進監(jiān)獄10stand_by 堅持(某種)說法；袖手旁觀11on_ones_way 串記3 在途中12break_down 損壞，不能運轉；失敗13run_out_of 用完，耗盡14carry_on 繼續(xù)做某事15take_off 起飛；匆匆離去；脫掉； 開始成功同根短語串記串記1.turn短語面面觀turn down關??；拒絕 turn away轉過身去；拒絕turn out生產；結果是 turn in上交turn to求助于 turn up出現(xiàn)；到場turn on/off打開/關閉串記2.“動詞out”短語匯總bring out出版；公布 carry out實施；執(zhí)行check out結賬后離開 drop out退出leave out忽略；遺漏 cut out刪去；剪去break out突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)串記3.“way”的相關短語知多少on ones way在途中 all the way一直，完全by the way順便地 in a way在某種程度上make ones way去，前往 under way在進行中in the way擋道；礙事1the first to leave 第一個離開2walk along mountain path 沿著山路走3have a hot cup of tea 喝杯熱茶4goodbye to most of our dreams 告別我們大多數(shù)的夢想5one of the bestselling books in Europe在歐洲最暢銷的書之一6begin his journey to the Antarctic開始他的南極之旅7the total darkness of the polar winter極地冬季的極夜時期8see Chinese people using paper money in the markets看到中國人在市場上使用紙幣1Why do_you_think people would want to go on this trip?你認為人們?yōu)槭裁磿肴ミM行這次旅行？2When I turned up for my first jump I was so_nervous_that I tried to back out, but my friends persuaded me to go through with it.當我第一次站在跳臺上時是如此緊張以至于想退縮，但是朋友們說服了我。3Although people enjoyed reading his book, many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were too fantastic to be true.雖然人們愛讀他的書，但許多人認為馬可寫的關于中國的東西太離奇而不可信。4Then_came the total darkness of the polar winter.接下來極地冬日的極夜時期到來了。5The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having_great_difficulty_walking.接下來離開的是奧茨上尉，他行走不便。學考對接活學活用高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞塊與句式1(2010山東高考閱讀B)If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect.(用本單元短語替換加黑短語)carry_on2(2009安徽高考閱讀A)Consider going early to conferences, parties and classes.Sometimes just a few people show up on time.Thats fewer names for you to remember.And as more people arrive，you can hear them being introduced to others an automatic review for you.(用本單元短語替換加黑短語)turn_up高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞塊與句式(根據(jù)漢語及提示翻譯句子)1(2016全國卷書面表達)為了獲得一些實際經(jīng)驗，我計劃在一家外資公司兼職。(in order to do something)In_order_to_get_some_practical_experience,_I_am_planning_to_take_a_parttime_job_in_a_foreign_capital_pany.2(2016北京高考書面表達)我們做得很好以至于我們被邀請與我們學校的所有學生分享我們的想法和經(jīng)驗。(so .that)We_did_so_well_that_we_were_invited_to_share_our_idea_and_experience_with_all_the_students_of_our_school.(二)課堂重點釋疑 短語集釋1take off起飛；脫去(衣服)；開始成功；休假；匆匆離去辨清寫出下列句中take off的含義She got a cold as soon as she took off her coat when she got home from work. 脫去(衣服)Hurry up. The plane will take off in about half an hour. 起飛Congratulations, Paulo! Now maybe you can take a few days off. 休假After his third film, his career of film performance took off. 開始成功記牢take over接任，接管，接收；取得主導地位take in 吸收，理解；受騙；接待take up 拿起；占據(jù)；對有興趣；開始從事take on 呈現(xiàn)；雇用；承擔練通完成句子He was homeless, so we_took_him_in.他無家可歸，我們便收留了他。Im sorry Ive already taken_up so much of your valuable time.對不起，我占用了你這么多寶貴時間。寫美(2014江西高考書面表達)課堂上理解老師所講內容以及課下復習所學知識很重要。It_is_important_to_take_in_what_the_teachers_say_in_class_and_review_what_you_learnt_after_class.2get across使理解(某事)；(使)被接受；橫過(馬路、河等)記牢get across to (sb.)/get sth.across to (sb.)被傳達/理解；把講清楚get away from 逃離；遠離；避開get down to (doing) 開始認真處理/對待，開始(做)get through 穿過；完成；接通電話；用完；通過練通單句語法填空We must get across to the public the simple fact that drugs are dangerous.Its time that I got down to thinking (think) about my future.After that, he knew he could get through any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.寫美(2015全國卷書面表達)你能在6月28日之前完成文章嗎？Could_you_get_through_your_article_before_June_28?3break down損壞，不能運轉；(身體)垮掉；(談判)失??；崩潰；拆毀，拆除；分解辨清寫出下列句中break down的含義His health broke down under the pressure of work. (身體)垮掉The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached. (談判)失敗To understand the grammar of the sentence, youd better break it down into parts. 分解The firemen broke down the wall in order to gain quick access to the building on fire.拆毀，拆除He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the airconditioning system broke down. 損壞，不能運轉記牢break into破門而入，強行闖入(后接賓語)；突然開始(哭、唱等)break in 闖入；插話，打斷break away from 突然掙脫，擺脫break out (壞事)突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)break up 結束；粉碎，破碎；解散break through 取得突破；克服練通單句語法填空Should another world war break out,_what would bee of human beings?In order to get some money, the man broke up that old machine and sold some parts.Scientists think they are beginning to break through in the fight against cancer.寫美(2018浙江高考書面表達)我?guī)缀蹙鸵宓舻臅r候，父親說，“別擔心，兒子。我記得農場附近就有一條河。找到它我們就能回家了。”I_was_almost_on_the_edge_of_breaking_down_when_my_father_said,_“Dont_worry,_my_son.I_remember_there_is_a_river_near_the_farm_house.Find_the_river_and_we_will_be_back_home.”句式集釋1too . to .“太而不能”教材原句Although people enjoyed reading his book, many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were too fantastic to be true.悟拓展例句(1)As far as I know, they are too_anxious_to_leave.據(jù)我所知，他們急于離開。(2)They are all too_satisfied_to_go and do this work.他們都很樂意地去做這項工作。(3)I couldnt_thank_you_too_much_for all your help to my son while we were away from home.當我們不在家時，你對我兒子的幫助，我再怎樣感謝你也不過分。(4)Tom is too young to go to school. Therefore, his mother takes care of him at home.Tom is not_old_enough_to go to school. Therefore, his mother takes care of him at home.Tom is so_young_that he cant go to school. Therefore, his mother takes care of him at home.湯姆太小了，不能去上學。因此，他媽媽在家照看他。析用法規(guī)則用法歸納(1)“too . to .”結構中，若too后接glad, pleased, happy, eager, anxious, willing, ready, easy等表示心情、情緒的形容詞時，表示肯定意義，too相當于very。(2)“too . to”結構之前帶有but, only, all, never, not時，是強調肯定的表示法，譯作“非常；十分；實在；真是太”等。(3)“too . to .”結構可以與“not enough . to .”或“so . that .”結構相互轉換。(4)“cant . too .”表示“無論怎樣也不過分”。背寫作佳句(1)(2014福建高考滿分作文)The bike seemed too heavy and difficult to control.Worse still, I took many falls off the bike.(要點句)(2)You cant be too careful to drive.After all, life is valuable.(要點句)2have difficulty (in) doing sth.教材原句The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having_great_difficulty_walking.悟拓展例句(1)Homeless people often hav