Unit 2 The environment一、閱讀理解。A recent survey in the United States showed that the average family spent more money on its pets than on its children. Although rather shocking, it should not surprise anyone who has seen the doggy parlours(客廳) where loved pets rest. Are Americans unique in treating their little friends in this way? No, the English, too, pay more attention to their pets.This can clearly be seen when we look at pet foods，which often contain more vitamins than human food. They certainly cost much. Last year the British public spent two hundred million pounds on pet food alone, to say nothing of veterinary bills or animal furniture. It is difficult not to feel angry about this when considering what the same amount could do for victims of starvation and poverty, so its not unusual for me to get hot under collar when I read an old man left all his money to his dog instead of his children.There are a variety of reasons why I find pets-raising alarming. They cause physical problems. An example of this is New York where they have great difficulty getting rid of the mess that dogs leave on the streets. Many people find this funny, but in a number of large cities it is a major problem. Animals can cause disease, too. It is the threat of babies a disease with no known cure.Another problem is the carelessness of pet owners. Most little children want a dog or a cat，and they continually push their mothers and fathers until they get one. It is only when the sweet little thing has been brought home that the parents realize how much time and money must be spent on Rover or Bonzo. Then they just abandon it. As a result, they are allowed to run free. English farmers lose hundreds of sheep a year, killed by someones pet and you must have read of children being hurt by some pets of their own.Lastly, I would only suggest that we have got our priorities wrong and that something should be done about it. In my view, its time we stopped being sentimental about pets. I can see no reason why we should get upset when animals are cut up for medical experiments. This will lead us to discovering cures for serious human diseases, then I say,keep cutting!1. The doggy parlours are mentioned in the 1st paragraph to show _. A. what costly lives the pets are livingB. where Americans keep their petsC. why children love their pets so muchD. how much pets depend on their masters2. In the second paragraph to get hot under the collar probably means _. A. getting quite hotB. being excitedC. feeling extremely angryD. receiving a fashionable shirt3. According to the author, in which field can animals be most useful?A. Food. B. Sports.C. Entertainment. D. Medicine.4. What is the authors attitude towards pets-raising?A. Sympathetic. B. Opposed.C. Pitiful. D. Supportive.【文章大意】這是一篇議論文。作者通過介紹飼養(yǎng)寵物存在的種種問題(譬如飼養(yǎng)成本昂貴、寵物致人受傷、傳染疾病等)，表達了自己反對飼養(yǎng)寵物，而是應當將寵物用于貢獻人類醫(yī)學實驗的觀點。1. A【解析】推理判斷題。the doggy parlours所在的句子就是為了進一步闡釋第一句A recent survey in the United States showed that the average family spent more money on its pets than on its children.，即如今人們在飼養(yǎng)寵物上花銷巨大的現(xiàn)狀。故答案為A。3. D【解析】推理判斷題。從本文的最后兩句I can see no reason why we should get upset.This will lead us to discovering cures for serious human diseases.可知作者認為寵物在人類醫(yī)學領(lǐng)域可以起著有益的作用。因此答案為D。4. B【解析】觀點態(tài)度題。文章前面介紹了成本昂貴、傳染疾病等飼養(yǎng)寵物的危害，后面又提到應把寵物用于貢獻人類醫(yī)學領(lǐng)域中去，故而可以看出作者對于飼養(yǎng)寵物的做法持反對態(tài)度。因此答案為B。二、單項選擇。1.For an artist who has no lack of passion and great courage to overe any difficulty，inspirations of his artwill never _.A. break out B. run out C. work out D. pull out【答案】B【解析】run out 用完，耗盡，符合句意。break out 爆發(fā)；work out 計算，解決；pull out 駛出，脫離。句意：對于一個不缺少激情和有勇氣戰(zhàn)勝任何困難的藝術(shù)家來說，他的藝術(shù)靈感將永遠不會枯竭。2.Meeting again by chance, Lucy and Amy are delighted to _ the friendship where it left out years ago.A. set up B. build up C. bring up D. pick up【答案】D【解析】set up 成立，建立；build up 逐步建立，增進；bring up 養(yǎng)育，培養(yǎng)；pick up 拾起，偶然學到，接收到，中途搭車，和好如初。pick up the friendship 意為“重拾友誼”，根據(jù)“where it left out years ago”(意為“在幾年前遺落的地方(重拾友誼)”)，說明這里填 build up(建立友誼)不合適。句意：碰巧又見面了，露西和艾米高興地在她們數(shù)年前中斷友誼的地方重拾友誼(即：中斷的友誼仍可以重新開始)。3.It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.A. that B. how C. when D. why【答案】D【解析】 句中的 it 是形式主語， 真正的主語是“_ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.”根據(jù)句意，原句要表達的是“為什么這個老人沒有立馬報案這件事還未查明。 ”4.We are mitted to creating a world free from the homeless and the hopeless, a world _ each and everyer is a true paradise.A. that B. which C. of which D. from where【答案】C【解析】.of which 實際上就=whose.。句意：我們致力于創(chuàng)造一個沒有無家可歸者和無望者的世界，一個其中每一個角落都是真正天堂的世界。5.Alice hasnt turned up so far. _ if she is absent today? We dont even have the key yet.A. How B. Why C. What D. When【答案】 C。 What if? “倘若又會怎么樣” 。 句意： “如果 今天她不來怎么辦， 我們甚至沒有鑰匙。 ”6._ a certain doubt among the people whether the value of the project is practical.A. It has B. They have C. It remains D. There remains【答案】D【解析】There is/remains some/certain doubt。句意：對于這個項目的實際價值人們?nèi)匀挥袘岩伞?._ knowledge a man has, _ it is for him to get a good job.A. The more, more difficult B. The more, the easierC. The more, easier D. The less, more difficult【答案】B【解析】考查 the +比較級，the+比較級用法，意為“越越”表示一方的程度隨著另一方的變化而變化。句意：一個人掌握的知識越多，找到好的工作就越容易。8.A Chinese students printlike handwriting caused controversy among British Internet users, _ bothpraise and questions about individuality.A. drew B. drawing C. to draw D. having drawn【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里不能選用謂語動詞，由此可以排除 A 項；動詞不定式表示將來的動作，不合題意， 排除 C 項； 由于 draw 的動作和 cause 的動作不存在明顯的先后關(guān)系， 因此不用完成式，排除 D 項。只有 B 項正確，現(xiàn)在分詞短語在這里表示結(jié)果。句意：有一位中國學生的看上去像印刷體的書法引起了英國互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶的爭議對個性的贊美和質(zhì)疑。9._ in the adult ceremony, the senior students feel they are shouldering heavier responsibilities now.A. Swear B. Sworn C. Having sworn D. To have sworn【答案】C【解析】邏輯主語 students 與 swear 為主謂關(guān)系，而且 swear 的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞 feel 的動作之前，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。句意：成人儀式宣誓后，高年級學生覺得現(xiàn)在他們肩上的責任更重了。10.A Russian plane broke up in the air, _ all 224 people on board which was believed _ by a bombplanted by Islamic State.A. killing; to have been caused B. having killing; to have been causedC. killing; to be caused D. having killed; to have caused【答案】A【解析】第一空用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，表示結(jié)果；第二空動詞不定式用完成式，因為是已經(jīng)發(fā)生過的事情，而且 cause 此處要用被動態(tài)，故用不定式的完成被動形式。句意：一架俄國飛機在空中解體了致機上 224 人死亡，據(jù)信是由伊斯蘭國所放置的炸彈造成的。11.Watching football games on TV at home is one thing, going to watch them _ live is quite another.A. perform B. performing C. to perform D. being performed【答案】D【解析】根據(jù)句意可知，perform 與其邏輯主語 them 之間為動賓關(guān)系，要選被動意義的選項，而本題四個選項中只有 D 項為被動意義，其他三項皆為主動意義，being performed 為現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式，作賓語補足語。句意：在家的電視上看足球比賽是一回事，看現(xiàn)場直播又是另外一回事。12._ an increase in foreign legal conflicts, China is expected to see the number continue to rise.A. To witness B. Being witnessed C. Witnessed D. Having witnessed【答案】D【解析】China 與 witness 為主謂關(guān)系，由此可排除 B、C 兩項；另外，witness 動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，即 D 項正確。句意：見證了涉外法律沖突的增長，希望中國看到這種數(shù)字的繼續(xù)上升。13._ into the final round of the Asian qualifiers for the first time since 2001, Chinese soccer still faces a longhard road.A. Moved B. Moving C. To move D. Having moved【答案】D【解析】Chinese Soccer 和 move 之間為主謂關(guān)系，因此可以排除 A 項；另外，由于 move 的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞 faces 的動作之前，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時，即 D 項正確。句意：中國足球隊自從 2001年首次進入亞洲預選賽的最后一輪后，面臨著一條漫長而艱辛的路。4.I found my puter functioning much better, _ a new operating system.A. to install B. installing C. having installed D. installed【答案】C【解析】install 的動作發(fā)生在 found 的動作之前，而且 I 與 install 為主謂關(guān)系，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，即 C 項正確。句意：由于安裝了新的驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的電腦的功能更強大了。15.Many natural disasters took place across the country, _ severe losses on peoples life and property.A. to have brought B. only bringing C. only to bring D. having brought【答案】B【解析】 句意： 全國各地發(fā)生了很多自然災害， 給人們的生命和財產(chǎn)帶來了嚴重的損失。 現(xiàn)在分詞短語“only bring severe losses on peoples life and property”在這里作結(jié)果狀語。16._ in playing puter games, he didnt find his mother enter his bedroom.A. Absorbing B. To be absorbed C. To absorb D. Absorbed【答案】B【解析】absorbed in 全神貫注于，在句中作狀語。句意：全神貫注于打電腦游戲，他沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)他媽媽進了他的臥室。17. The old man showed us how to _ part of the surface of the wood and let a pattern in.A. cut down B. cut in C. cut out D. cut up【答案】C【解析】cut down 砍到；cut in 插話；cut out 剪裁；剪下；cut up 切碎。句意：老人向我展示了如何把木材的表面裁下，再把一個圖案貼上去。三、完形填空。Many people are constantly waiting for their life to start. “When Im older Ill do this.” and “In a few years Ill do that.” They think the life they are _1_ is boring and meaningless.Who has never viewed himself or herself _2_ worthless and unattractive?In others eyes, you are always “the funny one” and bee loud and overconfident to mask what you are actually feeling, _3_ few people know about the way you feel.All of us may _4_ from depression and frustration, lose guidance and support, and thus need _5_ physically, or spiritually.Just think like this way: _6_ feelings I am feeling will eventually go away.I need to stop feeling so sorry for myself and actually want to _7_. I am a(n)_8_ lucky person who has e from a family where there is full of love and support.I have to be the one to make the _9_ to change my way of thinking.All the good things and all the wonderful people in my life would pass eventually too. _10_ I am feeling miserable, my life is still going on and I am missing out on _11_ those precious moments.We all have terrible things which happen to us and will _12_ each of us differently.The most important thing to remember is that our _13_ arent what define us. What defines us is how we_14_ what has happened to us and how we change the way we think about it.We can either let it bee us or we can use our newly found _15_ to change a little bit of the world around us all.Theres something much bigger than us and our problems. It is always _16_ to remember that there is always someone who is in a _17_ much worse than our own.Nevertheless, I am well on the _18_ to being the person I want to be and I have goals andexpectations of myself. I am now _19_ that my life has started.It started years ago and its not _20_ over yet. Its happening right now. Yours is too.語篇解讀：很多人都在等待最好的生活，其實最好的生活就在當下。1. A.opposing B. predicting C. experiencing D. expecting【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)第一段第一句“很多人都在等待自己生命的新起點”可知，他們覺得現(xiàn)在的生活很乏味無趣的。experience 經(jīng)歷，符合語境。oppose 反對；predict 預言，預料；expect 預料，期望。故選 C項。2. A.of B. as C. for D. with【答案】B【解析】view.as.把看作，為固定搭配。故選 B 項。誰沒有把自己看成是毫無價值、毫不吸引人的人呢?3. A.though B. or C. so D. but【答案】D【解析】設空前的“In others eyes, you are always the funny one and bee loud and overconfident to maskwhat you are actually feeling”(在別人的眼中，你可能是一個“很有趣的人” 。你用大聲喧囂和過于自信來掩蓋自己真正的想法)和該空后的“few people know about the way you feel”(很少有人看透你)之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。而 though 表示的是讓步關(guān)系。故選 D 項。4. A.suffer B. arise C. differ D. result【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)設空后的“from depression and frustration, lose guidance and support”可知選 suffer。suffer from意為“遭受”， 其后常接表示疾病、 自然災害的詞， 或接 loneliness， overpopulation 等詞。 arise from由引起；differ from 與不同；result from 由造成。故選 A 項。我們所有人都會經(jīng)歷挫折和沮喪，失去指引和支持，無論物質(zhì)、情感還是精神上都急切需要治愈。5. A.growth B. service C. aid D. sacrifice【答案】C【解析】 根據(jù)上文中的“All of us may _4_ from depression and frustration, lose guidance and support”可知，下文是說我們都需要身體上或精神上的幫助。growth 增長，成長；service 服務；aid 援助，幫助；sacrifice 犧牲。故選 C 項。6. A.pleasant B. horrible C. sensitive D. casual【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)第八段第一句“All the good things and all the wonderful people in my life would pass eventuallytoo.”可知，設空處所在句與該句形成對比，因此該處表示“糟糕的感覺最終會煙消云散的”。pleasant 令人愉快的；horrible 糟糕的，可怕的；sensitive 敏感的；casual 滿不在乎的。故選 B 項。7. A.relax B. move C. reject D. change【答案】D【解析】 根據(jù)空前的“I need to stop feeling so sorry for myself”(我需要停止顧影自憐)可知， 下文應是作出“改變”。relax 放松；move 移動，搬動；reject 拒絕；change 改變。故選 D 項。不應再自怨自艾，而要切切實實地謀求改變。8. A.incredibly B. eventually C. merely D. skeptically【答案】A【解析】incredibly 難以置信地，很，極為，非常；eventually 最后，終于；merely 僅僅，只不過；skeptically懷疑地。句意：我是個非常幸運的人，來自于一個充滿愛和支持的家庭。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設空處引導定語從句，先行詞是 family，且從句中缺少狀語，故用 where 引導。故選 A 項。9. A.mistake B. difference C. decision D. ment【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)設空后的“to change my way of thinking”可知，此處應是“決定改變我的思考方式”，make thedecision 作決定，符合語境。make a mistake 犯錯誤；make a/the difference 起作用，有影響；makea ment 作出評論。故選 C 項。10. A.Because B. While C. Unless D. When【答案】B【解析】句意為：盡管我現(xiàn)在感覺很痛苦，但生活還是要繼續(xù)，我會錯過欣賞這些寶貴時刻的機會?！癐 amfeeling miserable”與“my life is still going on”之間是讓步關(guān)系，while 意為“盡管”，表讓步，符合語境。故選 B 項。11. A.calculating B. imagining C. forgetting D. appreciating【答案】D【解析】句意見上題。根據(jù)設空后的“precious moments”(寶貴時刻)可知，應是“欣賞，贊美”。calculate計算，預估；imagine 想象；forget 忘記；appreciate 欣賞。故選 D 項。盡管自己沉溺于痛苦之中，而生命的時間漏斗仍不停流轉(zhuǎn)，那你將錯過那些值得贊美的珍貴時刻。12. A.attract B. treat C. affect D. benefit【答案】C【解析】句意為：我們都會遇到一些不幸的事，它們會對我們產(chǎn)生不一樣的影響。根據(jù)常識可知，發(fā)生在我們身上的事總是影響到我們。attract 吸引；treat 對待；affect 影響；benefit 有益于。故選 C 項。13. A.characters B. problems C. advantages D. experiences【答案】B【解析】character 個性，性格，角色；problem 問題；advantage 優(yōu)點；experience 經(jīng)歷。故選 B 項。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第一句“Theres something much bigger than us and our problems.”也可推出此處選problems。14. A.care about B. make up C. deal with D. answer for【答案】C【解析】重要的是，你要記住，我們遇到的問題不能定義我們的本質(zhì)。能定義我們的，是我們處理問題的方法，以及我們對待問題的態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變。care about 關(guān)心，在意；make up 形成，構(gòu)成，編造，化妝；deal with 處理；answer for 負責。故選 C 項。15. A.wisdom B. energy C. chance D. patience【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)設空前的 newlyfound 及空后的“to change a little bit of the world around us all”可知，改變世界應該用“智慧”。wisdom 智慧；energy 能量；chance 機會，機遇；patience 耐心。故選 A 項。我們或許放任自流，又或許利用我們發(fā)現(xiàn)的新智慧改變我們周邊發(fā)生的事情。16. A.difficult B. obvious C. typical D. important【答案】D【解析】根據(jù)前一句“Theres something much bigger than us and our problems.”可知，記得總有人的處境比我們的更糟糕，這是很重要的(important)。故選 D 項。17. A.game B. relation C. position D. distance【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)語境可知，此處指有些人的處境比我們的更糟糕。position 位置；game 游戲；relation 關(guān)系；distance 距離。故選 C 項。比我們自身和我們所遇到的問題還重要的事情大有所在。切勿忘記總有人的處境比我們的更糟糕。18. A.turn B. way C. corner D. direction【答案】B【解析】on the way to.意為“在去的路上”，符合句意。turn 轉(zhuǎn)變；corner 拐角處；direction 方向。故選 B 項。19. A. aware B. surprised C. afraid D. worried【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)最后一段可知，“我”現(xiàn)在意識到我的生活已經(jīng)發(fā)生了改變。aware 意識到的，明白的；surprised 驚訝的；afraid 害怕的；worried 擔憂的。故選 A 項。然而，我們有自己的目標和期待，并在自己選擇的人生道路上很好的前進著。我們必須從現(xiàn)在起意識到屬于自己的人生其實已經(jīng)開始。20. A.even B. nearly C. only D. much【答案】B【解析】我的人生在好久之前已經(jīng)開始了，而且還沒結(jié)束?，F(xiàn)在還是進行時。你的也一樣。not nearly 意為“遠非，絕不是”，符合語境。故選 B 項。四、七選五。Learning another language is an exciting trip into a new world, and it can take some time and effort to get there. Luckily, there are a few easy ways to make your adventure go a lot more smoothly.Learn a little every day.One of the keys to learning another language is practicing a little bit every day. 1 Studying for long periods can wear you out and limit your focus. Starting with small but regular sessions is the best way to keep your grammar and vocabulary fresh in your mind.Practice out loud. 2 Pronunciation is the key to learning another language and to making yourself understood by native speakers. Read sentences aloud from books or magazines in the language you re studying, or just read over your grammar exercises while youre practicing. Youll start to get used to the way the new words sound and feel.Close the books.From films to international websites, there are dozens of ways to encounter(遇到)other languages in the real world. 3 Listen to international radio stations many of them are streaming over the Internet or look up the websites of newspapers in the language youre studying. You can keep learning another language while surfing the web or having a movie night with your friends! 4 Learning another language takes determination and perseverance, so keep practicing! Remember to review the basics as well as new vocabulary and grammar, since everything you learn will build on the foundation you start with.Luckily, you have a great reason to keep up the hard work. 5 A. Be optimistic.B. Keep it up.C. Eventually, theyll just e naturally.D. Remember to explore some of them when youre learning another language.E. Learning another language can broaden your horizons and introduce you to new people and parts of the world.F. Get a feel for the language by saying words and phrases out loud while you practice.G. Reserve an hour to practice each day and stick to your schedule【語篇解讀】本文介紹了學好另一種語言的幾種方法。1.G 根據(jù)前一句One of the keys to learning another language is practicing a little bit every day.可知學習語言的關(guān)鍵是要每天練習，因此每天要復習一小時，并且堅持你的計劃。故選G。3.D 根據(jù)句子there are dozens of ways to encounter(遇到)other languages in the real world.可知有多種方法可以在真實場景下遇到其他語種，那么下一句應該是說我們要學會探索出一些場景。故選D。4.B 根據(jù)下面的句子Learning another language takes determination and perseverance, so keep practicing!可知小標題應該是堅持，由此判斷選B。5.E 根據(jù)前面的句子Luckily, you have a great reason to keep up the hard work.(幸運的是你有一個很好的理由來堅持這個艱難的工作。)可知下面要講到原因，即這樣做的好處/優(yōu)點：開擴視野，幫你看到一個嶄新的世界，由此判斷選E。