題組提分練38 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions限時35分鐘加黑體小題訓練應用文和記敘文閱讀理解A(2018湖北八校聯(lián)考)體裁：應用文話題：文學與藝術難度：Leaders shape history and here is a selection of the most remarkable views into these public figures plus firsthand accounts by those with access to them.(寫作目的)Margaret Thatcher by Charles Moore (2013)Before Moore published the first volume of his biography, there had already been a mountain of books on Thatcher. Moores account is different. He shows that far from being fearless, she could often be fearful without cause. The final volume will include her fall from power.Harold Wilson by Ben Pimlott (1992)Harold Wilson had bee a ghostly figure when this book was published in 1992. The absence heightened a sense of mystery. Who was he？How to explain his seemingly contradictory characteristics？Pimlott solves some of the mysteries; the book is detailed until Wilsons final phase as prime minister in 1974.Churchill by Roy Jenkins (2001)Jenkins writes a politician as well as a historian, analyzing Churchills historic moves from the opinions of one who had also spoken in the mons. Jenkins had resigned from high positions in battles over policy, and as one that changed parties, though not as frequently as Churchill did.Roy Jenkins by John Campbell (2014)Campbell calmly narrates the many political and personal dramas, including Jenkins intense relationship with Anthony Crosland when they were both students at Oxford. Campbell also addresses Jenkins various affairs with women. Like Jenkinss political heroes, he led many lives. Campbell is sharp in describing each of them.Diaries, Volumes One to Six by Alastair Campbell (2017)Love or hate him, Campbell remains the master of the inside story, and not just because of his unusual ideas on the relationship between Tony Blair and Gordon Brown. This is an incredibly detailed book on what its like to live inside No. 10: the cruel space of events; and the constant conflict with the media.【語篇解讀】短文介紹了5本與5位著名歷史人物相關的書籍。1Which of the following leaders has the largest number of books written about them?A. Harold Wilson. B. Churchill.C. Margaret Thatcher. D. Tony Blair.答案與解析C細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中的“Before Moore published the first volume of his biography, there had already been a mountain of books on Thatcher.”可知有關撒切爾的書籍最多。2Which writer was once a politician? A. Ben Pimlott. B. Charles Moore.C. John Campbell. D. Roy Jenkins.答案與解析D細節(jié)理解題。根據題干關鍵詞writer和politician定位到原文第四段和第五段中對Jenkins的介紹可知，他是個政治家也是個作家。3Whats the purpose of the authors writing the passage? A. To introduce some histories on selections.B. To remend some books to leaders. C. To tell some mysteries about historians.D. To think highly of some famous leaders. 答案與解析B寫作意圖題。綜合第一段和全文對書籍的介紹可知作者旨在向讀者推薦幾本介紹著名歷史人物的書。詞匯微存narrate v描述；contradictory adj.矛盾的閱讀技巧19應用文解題技巧廣告類應用文話題涉及旅游、購物、學習、招生、招聘、演出、通知等。應用文語言簡潔、文章簡短，側重考查細節(jié)理解題。這類題型常涉及數字的簡單運算和圖表的識別與判斷。解題技巧：略讀題目，帶問題找答案。先閱讀題干，然后根據問題按照題目順序有針對性地結合題干中的關鍵詞到文中定位，閱讀相關部分并快速尋找有效信息，再將原文和選項進行比較。當問題與原文材料相同時，對號入座；如果問題與原文不同，則可以同義替換、歸納事實等。注意：在閱讀應用文時要特別留意文中以黑體、大寫、下劃線等方式加以提示的文字，很有可能是文章的核心或至少是一部分內容的概括。閱讀理解B體裁：記敘文話題：人際關系難度：My father was born in a small town in the US. He wasnt sure what he wanted from life, but he loved adventure travelling. He took his wife and three daughters with him and went wherever the road took him. Its easy to feel lonely when youre on the road. As my mother said repeatedly, “We made lots of new friends on our tripmost of them were mechanics (機修工)”， since we often spent hours in repair shops. But that was better than sitting by the roadside while waiting for the engine to cool when it was 40 outside. Getting along sometimes seemed impossible. There were always lots of arguments, especially among us backseat passengers about who had to sit in the middle. But even if it was hard, we did learn a lot about forgiveness. When travelling in the Philippines, we drove to Quezon City one day. It should have been a onehour drive but was nearly three, due to bad roads and worse traffic. “Did you put our suitcases in the car？” my father asked my mother as we arrived in Quezon City. From the back seat, we saw her slowly turn toward my father. “No，” she said. “I thought you did.” That was why a sevenhour car trip turned into a 16hour car trip, which was mostly spent in silence.On occasions like that, we had to learn to let go of our anger because we were stuck in a rolling box with the same people for the rest of the journey. Even if I sometimes felt like opening the car door and pushing one of my sisters out, I kept my feelings to myself. 【語篇解讀】作者的父親喜歡冒險，經常帶著家人去旅行，作者通過旅行意識到旅行讓我們學會與他人相處。4According to the first two paragraphs, the authors father _. A. didnt like his hometown B. enjoyed going on adventures C. preferred travelling alone D. had never travelled abroad 答案與解析B推理判斷題。根據文章前兩段可知，作者的父親雖然不知道自己想要什么樣的生活，但是一直在旅行冒險，還帶著自己的妻子和女兒一起旅行，由此可知作者的父親樂于冒險，故答案為B項。5When the family was travelling in the Philippines, _. A. the traffic conditions were good on the way B. the father and mother had a fierce quarrel with each other C. they wasted much time on the road after they forgot to take their suitcases D. the family had fun with each other on the road 答案與解析C根據文章第四段可知，作者一家在菲律賓旅行時忘記將行李箱帶走，導致又返回了一次出發(fā)地，浪費了大量時間，因此C為正確答案。A項與原文意思相反；B項作者的父母只是互相問答，并沒有嚴重爭吵；D項由“was mostly spent in silence”可知，這件事對整個旅程還是有影響的，大家在這段路途中并不開心，因此D項錯誤。6According to the author, road trips _. A. broaden peoples horizons B. are only enjoyable when we travel with others C. are not remended for big families D. help people to develop their social skills答案與解析D觀點態(tài)度題。根據文章最后兩段可知，公路旅行可以讓我們遇見許多不同的人，并且在這個過程中學著更好地與人交往，因此D項正確。詞匯微存let go of放手；擺脫閱讀理解C(2018運城模擬)體裁：記敘文話題：人際關系難度：My daughter Kelly is a cautious person. She needs to warm up to situations, and is hesitant to try new things. When with close friends, she bees a leader who laughs loudly and chants. “Girls rule, boys drool.”But when that fort zone is not around her, she is shy and nervous.(性格)This has been challenging for me at times. “Shy” is not a word that I think has ever been used to describe me. But this has been a year of firsts for my girl that has filled her with a new sense of confidence. This year she moved to lap lane in swimming where she was preparing for a swim team. This year she learned to ride a bike without training wheels. And this year she pleted her first kids triathlon (三項全能)And then it was her turn. From the second she jumped into the water, my heart soared. My daughter transformed into the most confident human being I had ever seen. She dominated that swim, crushed that bike ride and ran to the finish with the biggest smile on her face.I can honestly say that I never felt so proud of someone in my entire life. It wasnt because she did a sport or anything like that. It was because she was afraid of something and conquered that fear with confidence and a fire I hadnt seen before.(戰(zhàn)勝恐懼改變自己)All day I would find myself just looking over at her and smiling. She might be wearing the finalist medal but I felt_like_I_won_that_day. I won the chance to see my girl shine.Shine on, sweet baby.【語篇解讀】文章敘述了作者的女兒是個害羞的女孩，但是在參加三項全能比賽時卻表現(xiàn)出了自信和堅決，這使作者無比自豪。 7Kelly is nervous when _.A. boys are around herB. she changes into a leaderC. she is away from her mumD. situations are new to her答案與解析D細節(jié)理解題。第一段提到和自己親密的朋友在一起時，Kelly很自在，但是一旦處于不舒服的區(qū)域，她就會緊張，由此可推斷出Kelly在陌生的環(huán)境時容易緊張，故選項D正確。8We can learn from Paragraph 3 that _.A. the race began in the early morningB. Kelly was only too eager to wait for her turn in the raceC. the whole family gave Kelly supportD. her brothers birthday party was delayed答案與解析C推理判斷題。根據第三段的敘述可知“全家人都為了Kelly參加三項全能活動竭盡全力”可知家人都支持Kelly。 9The author “felt like I won that day” because Kelly _.A. took part in the sport B. expressed love to herC. won the gold medal D. changed pletely答案與解析D句意理解題。根據倒數第二段最后一句可知是女兒克服了自己的恐懼變得自信讓作者感到自豪，就像是自己贏了比賽一樣。故選項D正確。10What kind of person do you think Kelly is?A. Timid and determined.B. Cute and confident.C. Fearful and energetic.D. Sociable and brave.答案與解析A推理判斷題。根據第一和第二段可知Kelly是個羞澀的女孩，但是參加比賽時所表現(xiàn)出來的戰(zhàn)勝恐懼的自信和決心可知，她害羞而堅決，故選項A正確。詞匯微存transform vt.改變；變成閱讀技巧20記敘文解題技巧記敘文是一種記載和敘述事件由來，描繪事物和人物情景狀態(tài)、過程及發(fā)展的文體。消息、通訊、傳記、游記、小說、童話、寓言以及記敘性的散文等文體，都屬于記敘文的范疇。解題技巧如下1順藤摸瓜：記敘文中有大量的事件發(fā)展過程細節(jié)，包括記敘文的5W(who、what、when、where、why)要素。作答細節(jié)題的時候，一般需要由前到后，從上到下，按題目順序解答。2左顧右盼：在做題過程中，一般都不能在文中找到與題干完全相同的詞語或句子。應抓住題干中的關鍵詞語，然后到文中準確地找到與之相關的語句，或是疑似語句的位置，接著左顧右盼，在前句或后句尋找線索。3刨根問底：主旨大意題或推理判斷題、作者意圖題等實際上是同一類型的問題。在解答時，要在文前文后查找，在字里行間尋覓。有時還需借助自己的生活經驗和常識來體會言外之意。閱讀七選五(2018湘潭質檢)體裁：記敘文話題：人際關系難度：A. Although we could not municate through words, we municated through the heart.B. They already have done something for me by giving me the opportunity to help them.C. I like helping people this way due to my own experience.D. Several people passed by, looked at her but did not stop.E. It is never too late to do others a favour.F. These words made me feel quite warm.G. She thanked me and smiled in relief.答案與解析【語篇解讀】作者樂于助人是因為自己一次受人幫助的經歷，他希望大家都能在別人需要時伸出援助之手。1D根據下文作者幫助這位女士可知，當時“很多人都從她身邊經過并看著她，但沒人停下”，故選D。2G有人來幫助自己，這位女士應該是，“表示感謝，并如釋重負地笑了笑”，故選G。3C該段介紹作者在日本旅游時受到他人幫助的經歷可知C項“我喜歡這樣幫助別人，是由于我自己的經歷”，符合語境。4A根據本空前一句可知，作者不會說日語，而那位男士不會說英語。故選項A “盡管我們不能用語言溝通，但是我們通過心靈溝通”，符合語境。5B根據本空前后句內容可知，受作者幫助的人希望能回饋作者的恩惠，作者認為，“他們已經給我機會讓我去幫助他們”，不過我希望他們能在別人需要時也能伸出援助之手，故選B。詞匯微存plicated adj.復雜的；reach out伸出