There be句型
There be 句型There be 句型1. 定義:There be句型表示某處存有某物或某人。2. 結(jié)構(gòu):(1) There is +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+ 地點(diǎn)狀語. (2) There are +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+地點(diǎn)狀語. there是引導(dǎo)詞,在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分,翻譯時(shí)也不必譯出。句子的主語是某人或某物,謂語動(dòng)詞be要與主語(某人或某物)的數(shù)保持一致。當(dāng)主語是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞要與跟它最近的那個(gè)名詞一致。eg. There is a bird in the tree. 樹上有一只鳥。 There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. 我們教室里有一位老師和很多學(xué)生。 There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 樹下有兩個(gè)男孩,一個(gè)女孩。3. There be句型與have的區(qū)別:(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含義。區(qū)別如下:There be表示“某處存有某物或某人”;have表示“某人擁有某物/某人”,它表示所有、擁相關(guān)系。 eg. He has two sons. 他有兩個(gè)兒子。 There are two men in the office. 辦公室里有兩個(gè)男人。(2)當(dāng)have表示“包括”、“存有”的含義時(shí),There be 句型與其可互換。eg. A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一個(gè)星期有七天。There be句型的否定式的構(gòu)成和含有be動(dòng)詞的其它句型一樣,在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同:not是副詞,no為形容詞,not a/an/any + n. 相當(dāng)于no+ n.。例如: There are some pictures on the wall. There arent any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall. There is a bike behind the tree. There isnt a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree. 變臉二:一般疑問句 There be句型的一般疑問句變化是把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)整到句首,再在句尾加上問號即可,此為"調(diào)整法"。但同時(shí)要注意:當(dāng)肯定句中有some時(shí),要將其改為any(否定變化也一樣)。看看下面兩句是如何"改頭換面"的吧: There is some water on Mars. Is there any water on Mars? There are some fish in the water. Are there any fish in the water? 變臉三:特殊疑問句 There be句型的特殊疑問句形式有以下三種變化: 對主語提問:當(dāng)主語是人時(shí),用"Whos+介詞短語?";當(dāng)主語是物時(shí),用"Whats + 介詞短語?"。注意:無論原句的主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),對之提問時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來決定)。如: There are many things over there. Whats over there? There is a little girl in the room. Who is in the room? 對地點(diǎn)狀語提問:提問地點(diǎn)當(dāng)然用"Where is / are+主語?"啦!例如: There is a computer on the desk. Where is the computer? There are four children on the playground. Where are the four children? 對數(shù)量提問:一般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu): How many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are there+介詞短語? How much+不可數(shù)名詞+is there+介詞短語?There be 句型專練一.根據(jù)所給漢語完成句子。1. 桌子上有一本書和兩支鋼筆。There _ a book and two pens on the desk. 2. 錢包里有些錢。There _ some money in the picture. 3. 在吉姆的書包里有一些卡片。_ _ some cards in Jims bag.4. 里面還有其他的東西嗎?_ _ anything else in it?5. 我們學(xué)校有許多班。There _ many _ in our school.6. 樹上沒有鳥。There _ _ birds in the tree.二.選擇填空:1. Are there any maps on the wall? _ A. There are some. B. Yes, there is. C. Yes, there is one. D. No, there are. 2. How many _ are there in the picture? A. woman B. women C. buy D. milk3. There arent _ trees near the house. There is only one. A. any B. some C. many D. much4. There _ two bowls of rice on the table. A. is B. have C. has D. are5. Are there _ houses near the river? Yes, there are . A. some, some B. any, some C. any, any D. some, any三.句型轉(zhuǎn)換:1. There is a woman near the house.(變復(fù)數(shù)) 2. There are some buses near the hill.(變單數(shù))3. There are some apples in the tree.(變一般問句) 4. There are some oranges in the glass.(變否定句)5. Is there a baby in the room?(變復(fù)數(shù))6. There are many beautiful flowers in the garden. (就劃線部分提問) _ _ in the garden?7. There is a bookcase in my study. (變一般問句)_ _ _ _ in your study?8. There is a soccer ball and a basketball on the floor. _ _ on the floor?9. My new dress is in the wardrobe. _ _ your new dress?10. There are some big trees behind my house. _ _ _ big trees?四.there be 與have區(qū)別專練。1. This desk _ four legs. 2. _ some books on the desk.3. Everyone _ a dictionary in my class. 4. _ (沒有) knives in the room.5. I _ a new sweater. 6. _ some flowers and a desk in the room.7. _ nothing in the bag. 8. They _ something to eat.There be 句型難點(diǎn)解析及練習(xí)一、 There be 句型常用的時(shí)態(tài)形式有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過去完成時(shí)。例如: 1. There is someone at the door to see you. 門口有人找你。2. There will be a meeting this evening. 今晚有個(gè)約會。3. -Have there been any letters from Jack lately? 近日有杰克的來信嗎?-No, there hasnt. 不,沒有。4. There had been many such accidents before you came. 你來之前就有過很多起這樣的事故。二、 There be 句型中be 前面可用一些半助動(dòng)詞,如:be about to (就要), be certain to (一定會), be going to (將要),be likely to (可能), be to (要), had better (最好), have to (必須), used to (過去常), appear/seem/happen to (似乎/恰好)等。例如:1. There used to be a grocery store on the corner. 以前在這個(gè)街口有家雜貨店。2. There is certain to be something wrong with the engine. = It appears / is certain that there is something wrong with the engine. 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)一定是出了毛病。3. There appears to have been a nasty accident. 似乎有一起嚴(yán)重的事故。三、 There be 句型中的替換詞有:come (來), develop (產(chǎn)生), exist (存在), fall (落下), follow (跟隨), happen (發(fā)生), lie (躺著), live (住著), occur (發(fā)生), remain (還有), rise (升起),stand (站著)等。這些動(dòng)詞可以有時(shí)態(tài)變化,及物動(dòng)詞還可以有語態(tài)變化。例如:1. There fell a deep silence. 突然一片寂靜。2. There remains one more test to be carried out before putting the instrument into operation. 在使用這一設(shè)備之前要完成一項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)。3. Not long after this, there occurred a sudden revolution in public taste. 此后不久,公眾的情趣發(fā)生了突然的變化。4. There stands at the center of the square the Monument to the Peoples Heroes. 在廣場的中央矗立著人民英雄紀(jì)念碑。四、 There be 句型中,謂語動(dòng)詞和合后面的主語在數(shù)方面保持一致。如果有兩個(gè)或更多的主語,則與離動(dòng)詞最近的那個(gè)主語保持一致。例如:There is only a table, four chairs and a small bed in the room. 房子里有一張桌子,四把椅子和一張小床。五、 There be 句型有不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞形式,在句中用作主語、賓語、定語或狀語等。例如:1. There being a bus stop so near the house is a great advantage. 公共汽車站離家這么近是一個(gè)很有利的條件。(There being a bus 用作主語)2. I dont want there to be any misunderstanding. 我不想引起任何誤解。(There to be 作賓語)3. No one would have dreamt of there being such a fine place. 誰也沒想到會有這樣的一個(gè)好地方。(There being 在句子中作介詞of的賓語。需注意的是,結(jié)構(gòu)若出現(xiàn)在介詞for的后面則要用動(dòng)詞不定式;若出現(xiàn)在其他介詞后面則要用動(dòng)名詞)4. There being no bus, we had to walk home. 因?yàn)闆]有公共汽車,我們只好步行回家。 (“There being + 名詞”構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),在句中作狀語)六、 “There be no doing” 表示“不可能做”。例如:1. There is no holding back the wheel of history. 歷史車輪不可阻擋。2. Theres no saying what hell be doing next. 他接下去要做什么,很難斷言。3. There is no bearing such rude remarks. 如此粗話,叫人根本無法忍受。There be句型專項(xiàng)練習(xí)選擇填空。 1There _ no tea in the cup Ais Bare Chas Dbe 2There_ in the next room Ais Tom Bare some boys Care they Dis the boy 3There is some _on the plate Aapple Bbread Cbanana Dsandwich 4There _ some paper and a pen on the desk Ais Bare Chave Dhas 5There _ a school at the foot of the hill Ahave Bstand Care Dstands 6Theres going to _ in tomorrows newspapers Ahave something new Bhave new something Cbe something new Dbe new something 7There is some milk in the bottle, _ ? Aisnt there Barent there Cisnt it Dare there 8 _ is there on the table? AHow many apples BHow much bread CHow much breads DHow many food 9There are sixty minutes in _ hour Aan Bthe Ca D 10There is _ old woman in the car A Ba Cthe Dan 11Theres _ orange tree behind _ house Aan ;the Ba;a Cthe;the 12There is _ map in the classroom _ map is on the wall Aa;A Bthe;The Ca;The Dthe;A 13There is _ “f” and _ “u” in the word “four” Aan;a Ba;a Can;an Da;an 14There _ not any water in the glass Ahas Bis Care 15There _ a football match in our school this afternoon Aare going to have Bis going to have Care going to be Dis going to be 16There _ an apple and ten bananas in the basketYou can take any of them Aare Bis Chas Dhave 17 _ any flowers on both sides of the street? AIs there BAre there CHas DHave 18There _ great changes in our country since 1979 Ahave been Bwere Chas been Dare 19There is little water in the glass, _ ? Aisn t there Bisnt it Cis it Dis there 20There is no air or water on the moon,is there? _ AYes,there are BNo,there isnt CYes,there isnt DNo,there is 21There isnt _ paper in the boxWill you go and get some for me? Aany Bsome Ca Dan 22There _ some water in the bottle Aare Bis Chas Dhave 23How many _ are there in your classroom? Adesks Bdesk Cchair Ddoor 24There _ something wrong with my car Aare Bhas Cis Dhave 25There _ a pencil and two pens in the pencil-box Aare Bhas Chave DisThere be句型專項(xiàng)練習(xí)答案與詳解1A。tea是不可數(shù)名詞,故填is。 2B。注意D項(xiàng)的錯(cuò)誤在于there be句型中一般主語不能特指,如把the boy中的the改為a,則此項(xiàng)也為正確選項(xiàng)。 3B。bread是不可數(shù)名詞。其它三項(xiàng)在名詞和動(dòng)詞的數(shù)上都不吻合。 4A。道理同中考題例第1小題。 5D。there be句型中的動(dòng)詞be也可換用stand,lie,live等動(dòng)詞。 6C。there is(are)going to be是there be句型的將來時(shí)態(tài)。形容詞修飾something,anything等復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)應(yīng)后置。 7A8B。因題干中動(dòng)詞用is,故只能選不可數(shù)名詞bread。 9A10D。11A12C 13A14B。water是不可數(shù)名詞。 15D 16B 17B。flowers是復(fù)數(shù),故用are there。 18A。since 1979與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用,又因句中主語是changes,故用have been。 19D。little有否定含義,故附加部分用is there。 20B。在yes,no構(gòu)成的答語中,前后肯、否定語氣和形式應(yīng)一致,不能相互矛盾。 21A。否定句中應(yīng)用any。 22B23A。此空只能填復(fù)數(shù)名詞,因謂語動(dòng)詞是are。 24C。something,anything之類的復(fù)合不定代詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。 25D。此題的選擇是根據(jù)“就近原則”。