動詞不定式動詞不定式 肯定：肯定： to + V.原原 或者或者 (to)+ V.原原 否定：否定：not/never + (to) + V.原原1) He likes to read novels.2) I saw him come. 3) We decided not to buy that house.4) It is interesting to fly a kite. 5) Please let him not go there. 動詞不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)動詞不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)作主語作主語To hear your voice is so nice.To study hard is very important.It is so nice to hear your voice.It is very important to study hard.不定式作主語時，通常用it作形式主語，把真正的主語放在后面。注意注意:1、It is +adj. for/ of sb. to do sth.It +be + adj. +for/of sb. to do sth. for: adj.多為描述不定式行為的特征多為描述不定式行為的特征 （important/ necessary / interesting 等等.）of: adj. 多為多為 描述主語的品質(zhì)特征描述主語的品質(zhì)特征 （kind / nice / friendly / wise / foolish 等等.） 作主語作主語It is easy _ her to learn English well.It is clever _ you to solve the problem.offor2、It takes sb. some time to do sth. It takes me three hours to finish the homework every day. 作主語作主語我每天花去三個小時完成家庭作業(yè)。I spend three hours finishing the homework every day.3、It is + n. (for sb) to do sth. It is my pleasure to help you with your English. 作主語作主語4 4、用在諺語中、用在諺語中 To see is to believe. To say is easy, but to do is hard.作主語作主語1、It is necessary _us to learn to wait. (of/for)2、It was careless _me to break the cup . （of/for)3、It took them 1,000 yuan _this table. (buy)4、It is my pleasure _ the box for you. (carry)to buyforofto carry練習(xí)練習(xí)5、輪到我們打掃教室了。、輪到我們打掃教室了。 It is our turn_6、To waste time is to shorten life. （翻譯成中文）（翻譯成中文） to clean the classroom.浪費時間就是縮短生命。浪費時間就是縮短生命。練習(xí)練習(xí)1 1、動詞、動詞+ to do sth.常用動詞有：常用動詞有：want / wish / like / would like / hope / plan / try / decide / learn / need / agree / begin / start / forget / remember / manage / seem / fail/ manage/ promise等等 1、I hope to finish it tomorrow . 2、She plans to go and teach in the country. 作賓語作賓語2 2、動詞疑問詞、動詞疑問詞+to do I dont know_ next. She cant decide_. 作賓語作賓語 2、她不能決定買哪本書。 1、我不知道接下來該做什么。what to dowhich book to buy=She cant decide which book she should buy.1、Dont forget _.(關(guān)燈關(guān)燈)2、I happened _when he called me. （出去）（出去）3、I dont want_. (依賴別人）依賴別人）4、Sam is learning_. (怎樣開車）怎樣開車）5、We promise _ the environment.(保護(hù)保護(hù))to turn off the lightto go outto depend on othershow to drive a car練習(xí)練習(xí)to protect1、動詞動詞 + 賓語（賓語（sb./sth.) + to do sth.1、The teacher asked her to answer the question. 2、The doctor told me to have a good rest.作賓補(bǔ)作賓補(bǔ)- -對賓語進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明對賓語進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明 常用動詞有：ask, tell, allow, want 等動詞多為感官動詞、使動詞。動詞多為感官動詞、使動詞。一感：feel二聽：hear, listen to三使：make, let, have四看：see, notice, watch, look atJohns mother makes him play the piano every day. 被動：John _ play the piano every day.is made to2、動詞、動詞+賓語賓語+不帶不帶to的不定式的不定式1、Let him _ the work at once. (finish / to finish)2、Do you like listening to other people_? (talk / talking/to talk ) 3、Jim was seen _the room. (enter /to enter )4、Please tell her _here on time . (come / to come)finishtalkto enterto come練習(xí)練習(xí)5、Ill help you _this problem. (to solve /solve )6、 I wish you will stay with us.(改成簡單句）改成簡單句）7、Her story made us laugh. (改成被動句）改成被動句）(to ) solveI wish you to stay with us.We were made to laugh by her story.1、主語、主語 + be + to do sth 主語多為主語多為 duty / wish / hope / idea / plan / ambition/ dream / work / job 等等 名詞名詞 1、My ambition is to be a singer. 2、His work is to clean the classroom every day.作表語作表語我的夢想是成為一名歌手。他的工作是每天清掃教室。2 2、諺語中、諺語中1、To know everything is to know nothing.2、To see is to believe.放在被修飾詞的后面放在被修飾詞的后面I have a lot of work to do. I want to find something to drink.作定語作定語不定式為不及物動詞時后面應(yīng)有必要的不定式為不及物動詞時后面應(yīng)有必要的介詞介詞。Im looking for a hotel _.A. stay B. stay at C. to stay D. to stay atD位置位置：He hasnt got a house to live_.I have no pens to write _.in with1、原因狀語、原因狀語: 主語主語 + be + adj.(表情感表情感) + to do sth. (happy/ glad angry / sorry / sad /afraid 等等)Im sorry to hear that.作狀語作狀語Im glad to see you. 2 2、目的狀語、目的狀語 The soldier ran into the room to save the girl ._ _ the soldier run into the room?Why didMany parents send their children abroad _.(深造學(xué)習(xí))to further their studies3 3、結(jié)果狀語、結(jié)果狀語 too + adj./adv. +to do sth.adj./adv. enough to do sth.You are too young to do this job. He ran fast enough to catch the bus. 動詞不定式可以充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞謩釉~不定式可以充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞?、作主語、作主語2、作賓語、作賓語3、作賓語補(bǔ)足語、作賓語補(bǔ)足語4、作表語、作表語5、作定語、作定語6、作狀語、作狀語All I did was to give him some advice . His dream is to travel all over the world. Lucy needs a friend to play with . He was the last guest to arrive . Its interesting to read a science fiction . 下列不定式作何種成分？下列不定式作何種成分？（表語）（表語）（表語）（表語）（定語）（定語）（定語）（定語）（主語）（主語）He was glad to see you. My father offered to buy a computer for me. He interviewed detective Ken to get some information . The doctor asked him to have more fruit and vegetables.（狀語）（狀語）（賓語）（賓語）（狀語）（狀語）（賓語補(bǔ)足語）（賓語補(bǔ)足語）下列不定式作何種成分？下列不定式作何種成分？1、習(xí)慣于be used to _ 被用于be used to _Water is used to _ (put) out fires.I am used to _ (take) a walk after supper.2、prefer to 比起來更喜歡 比起游泳來，我更喜歡跑步。I prefer _ to _.3、look forward to 期待，盼望Im looking forward to _ (visit) Beijing again.介詞介詞 to 與與不定式不定式 to 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別puttakingrunning swimmingvisitingdodoing