第42課 詞匯運(yùn)用 解題策略 詞匯運(yùn)用試題目的主要是考查學(xué)生對單詞的拼寫能力，以及詞形變化和語法知識運(yùn)用和詞組辨別能力等。試題通常以語篇或?qū)υ挼男问匠霈F(xiàn)，測試內(nèi)容以實(shí)詞為主，虛詞很少。測試題型為單詞拼寫、選詞填空、根據(jù)首字母填空等。 .單詞拼寫解題應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)： 1要根據(jù)上下文之意，熟練運(yùn)用所學(xué)詞匯。 【例1】It is important for us to learn English _(好) 解析：good, well都意為“好”，因learn為動(dòng)詞，須用well副詞 修飾動(dòng)詞。故填well。 【例2】Its cold outside. Please put on your w_ winter coat. 解析：cold outside意為“外面冷”，故須穿上暖和的冬衣。 以w開頭的單詞有warm意為“暖和的”。wellwarm 即學(xué)即用1： (1)I want two kilos of (西紅柿) (2)How are the kids in Yushu now? Are they happy and (健康) (3)Today is my little brothers (五) birthday. (4)Last year we a lot of trees around our school. And now they grow well. (5)This backpack is , but he still cant afford it.tomatoeshealthyfifthplantedcheap 2要理解全句，填準(zhǔn)詞，因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)英漢并非一一對應(yīng)。 【例3】The boy _(穿著) a jacket is my brother. 解析：根據(jù)中文提示此處可填wears。但句中已有謂語 動(dòng)詞is，故只能用介詞in表穿著。in 即學(xué)即用2： (1)Jack has (借) my science book for four days. (2)The film has been (上演) for half an hour. (3)How long have you (買) the watch?keptonhad3要分析所填單詞充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞?，判斷所填單詞的詞性。【例4】After (完成) his homework, Jim went to play basketball with his friends. 解析：After為介詞，須用finish的動(dòng)名詞形式作介詞的賓語。 故填finishing。finishing 即學(xué)即用3： (1)They are (擔(dān)心) about the next math test. (2)Would you mind (照顧) care of my flowers while Im out. (3)If it (下雨) tomorrow, they wont have the party in the open air. (4)My mother is a teacher and she has English in this school for 20 years. (5)Bella can speak two , French and Chinese.worriedtakingrainstaughtlanguages 4要注意英漢語言之間的區(qū)別。對于有多個(gè)相同意思的單詞， 要選擇最符合英語習(xí)慣的那個(gè)。 【例5】They _(到達(dá)) at a small village at last. 解析：get, arrive, reach都可意為“到達(dá)”。與at搭配的動(dòng)詞為arrive。故填arrived。arrived 即學(xué)即用4： (1)My father often (講) stories in the evening when I was a little child. (2)He (花) all day reading the novel. (3)Mrs. Black went back to London three days (以前)toldspentago 5要規(guī)范、工整地拼寫出單詞，不要因書寫而丟分。 【例6】(2011麗水) 用方框中所給詞匯的適當(dāng)形式填空(每詞限用一次)。 alreadydictionaryhelphundredtall 1. What a nice girl Sally is! She often _ to do housework. 2. Can you imagine what life will be like one _ years from now? 3. It is not a right way to use a _ every time you come to a new word while reading. 4. Although he is only ten, the child has _ learned three languages. 5. To my surprise, Amy has changed a lot. She is much _ than me now. 答案1. helps; 2. hundred; 3. dictionary; 4. already；5. taller 解析： 1. “薩麗是個(gè)多好的女孩啊”可知“她常幫助做家務(wù)”。故填helps。 2. 句意為“你能想象從現(xiàn)在開始100年后的生活是怎么樣的嗎？”因此hundred符合題意。故填hundred。 3. 下文“閱讀時(shí)遇到的新單詞”可知dictionary符合題意。 4. 本題為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。already意為“已經(jīng)”，常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中。故填already。 5. than是比較級的標(biāo)志。故填taller。即學(xué)即用5：選詞填空(2011臺州) walksafehandoffcook(1) Put your wallet in a place.(2) You must turn the lights when you leave the room.(3) My mother was dinner when I came back from school.(4) Just down the street, and youll find the park on your right.(5) In China, people often shake when they meet someone for the first time.safeoffcookingwalkhands .選詞填空解題應(yīng)注意事項(xiàng)： 1先對備選的詞匯的詞性作簡單標(biāo)記，如：名詞n.，動(dòng)詞v.， 形容詞a.，副詞ad. 等。同時(shí)對詞義作初步的理解。 2根據(jù)題意或通讀全文，猜測空格中所缺的信息，注意發(fā)現(xiàn)固 定搭配關(guān)系，根據(jù)需要去備選詞匯中尋找匹配的答案。3. 在填詞過程中要注意詞形的變化。既要符合本句的含義，又要保證句式結(jié)構(gòu)的正確。為了方便記憶，試著記住下面的順口溜：空前空后要注意，“名詞”單復(fù)數(shù)要牢記，還有“s”不能棄，“動(dòng)詞”注意要變形，“形副”注意要用三種級，要填“數(shù)詞”請留意，千萬別忘 “基” 和“序”，填入“代詞”需慎重，五格變化要謹(jǐn)記。4. 完成填詞后，應(yīng)通讀全文，復(fù)核校對。檢查單詞拼寫是否正確，是否有時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、慣用法及詞語選用上的錯(cuò)誤，以確保答案的正確性。最后把答案填入答卷時(shí)，切勿錯(cuò)位。強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練 (一)(2011溫州) nearly busy milk herself wear 1. My parents are very every day except weekends. 2. If you dont sleep well, you can drink some before you go to bed. 3. She often a white dress. White is her favorite. 4. Susan cooked dinner for when she studied in Canada. 5. I have learned English for 10 years and Im very good at it.busymilkwears herselfnearly (二)(2011嘉興、舟山) halfriverkeepwestloud 1. East or , home is best. 2. All run into sea. 3. Actions speak than words. 4. A good beginning is done. 5. An apple a day the doctor away.westriverslouderhalfkeeps (三)(2011紹興) eightanother spare without invite 1. The girl felt sad because her friends went swimming her. 2. He was to spend the summer with his cousins in England. 3. When you have eaten that, you can have one. 4. Susans mother made a big cake on her birthday. 5. I used to play basketball in my time.withoutinvitedanothereighthspare (四)(2011衢州) quietsendcentermilliongo 1. The Internet joins of computers all over the world. 2. Its so in the park! I can hardly hear the traffic in the streets and no one is shouting. 3. Im looking forward to to the Forbidden City with my parents. 4. Vienna is the capital city of Austria and the of European classical music. 5. China is now the third country, after the Soviet Union and the US, to a person into space. millionsquietgoingcentersent 解析： 1. millions of 意為“數(shù)百萬的”。 2. 句意為“公園里如此的安靜！ 我?guī)缀趼牪坏浇值郎系能囕v，沒有人大聲喊叫?！?3. look forward to doing sth. 因?yàn)椤捌谕瞿呈隆薄?4. 句意為“維也納是奧地利的首都，并且是古典音樂的中心?！?5. 句意為“中國是繼美國和蘇聯(lián)之后的第三個(gè)把人送入太空的國家?！?(五)(2011湖州) A. aloudB. betweenC. sweep D. twice E. polite F. friendly 1. Its not to make noise in the movie theater. 2. The man Mary and Gina is my new English teacher. 3. Could you please the floor? Its so dirty. 4. Please read the message , so that we can hear you. 5. Its a good habit to brush our teeth a day. 6. We like our math teacher, because he is very to us.politebetweensweepaloudtwicefriendly (六)(2011淮安) ofteethturn rightdoctorbelongs to lovely was rainingwith joytooth 1. Millie wants to be a when she grows up. 2. I dont know how many the dog has. 3. The young woman at the gate looks in a red dress. 4. Daniel didnt go to school yesterday because it heavily. 5. This book Simon. Ill give it back to him at once. 6. Its very kind of you. Thank you for your wonderful present. 7. The children clapped and shouted when they saw their favorite characters. 8. Please at the second crossing, and you will find the library on your left.doctorteethlovelywas rainingbelongswith joyturn right (七)(2011青島) copyriseexperiencesave regard. as. mentionbe 1. careful to look both ways before you cross the sheet. 2. I my money so I can buy a car. So am I. 3. Good boy! Youre doing such a good job of materials for me. 4. The old teacher used to get up before the sun so that he could catch the early bus to work. 5. Every baby the apple of the parents eye. 6. As a volunteer, she love and hate, sadness and happiness in the past ten years. 7. He thinks it necessary his sister in his speech, who has supported him in his university study.Beam savingcopyingrose is regardedhas experienced to mention (八)(2011安順) pay attention tobe good forfrom now on be bad for chat withare very proud of 1. These days I hardly have time to my friends on the Internet. 2. Thank for your help, more and more pupils can enjoy free lunch at school . 3. Li Na has won the tennis champion in France, we her. 4. Tom asked his mother what to when he cooked fish. 5. Dont eat a lot of sweet food. It will your health. chat withfrom now onare very proud ofpay attention tobe bad for(九)(2011杭州) hethegrowhighuntilone fail loudspeechwhen Sir Edmund Hillary was the first man to climb Mount Everest. On May 29, 1953 he climbed and measured 1. highest mountain then known to man29,000 feet straight up. He was spoken 2. of for his efforts when he came back. He even made advertisements for big companies. However, 3. we read his book, High Adventure, we dont understand that Hillary had to grow into this success.thehighlyuntil You see, in 1952 he tried to climb Mount Everest, but 4. . A few weeks later a group in England asked him to give a 5. to its members. Hillary was given a warm welcome 6. walking on stage. People there thought him as a hero, but Edmund Hillary saw 7. as a failure. He moved away from the microphone and walked to the side of the stage. He lifted one hand and pointed at a picture of the mountain. He said in a 8. voice, “Mount Everest, you beat me the 9. time, but Ill beat you the next time because youve 10. all you are going to grow, but Im still growing！”failedspeechwhenhimselfloudfirstgrown(十)(2011鹽城) jobchancefourthwhyliveeasy honest goodin order tocome out Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Im here today to share a good lesson with you. It is a true story about an overseas student in Germany. After years of hard work, this student graduated with amazing achievements. Everyone thought he was going to get a good easily and have a bright future. But to his disappointment, he was not even given the for an interview! The third time he was refused, he couldnt help telephoning the company to ask they didnt want him. The answer was simple. “We dont offer jobs to people in Germany.”livingjobchancewhydishonest What was wrong, you might wonder? The truth is ，shortly after he arrived in Germany, this clever student found that it was to skip buying subway tickets. So save money, he often went without a ticket. As a result, he had been caught without a ticket in the subway times. From this story, we learn that we may get shortterm benefits in dishonest ways，but the truth will sooner or later and the cost is high. So remember : honesty is the rule. Thats all for my speech. Thank you!easyin order tofourcome outbest 解析： 1. living 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，修飾 student。 2. 前一句說該學(xué)生取得了驚人的成績，都認(rèn)為他能有一份好工作(job)和光明未來。 3. chance 句意：他甚至沒有被給面試的機(jī)會(huì)。 4. why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句表示原因。 5. dishonest由下文知那個(gè)學(xué)生4次逃票，所以是不誠實(shí)的。 6. easy 句意：.發(fā)現(xiàn)逃票很容易。注意句型：It isadj.to do sth. 7. in order to 句意：.為了節(jié)省錢，他經(jīng)常逃票。 8. four times 四次。注意用基數(shù)詞。 9. “the truth will come out ”將會(huì)真相大白。 10. “honesty is the best rule”誠實(shí)才是上策。注意the后的最高級形式。(十一)(2011福州) outdoorprintshowyoungsmoke rule how eachattentionin China has the largest number of smokers in the world. 1. year, about one million Chinese die from smokingrelated illness. Official statistics(統(tǒng)計(jì)) in 2007 2. China has 300 million smokers, with another 540 million people forced to breathe in. China began taking part 3. the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control(煙草控制框架公約)in 2006. Governments at different levels have paid more 4. to tobacco control in the last few years. EachshowedinattentionBeijing , Shanghai and Hangzhou have tobaccocontrol 5. . Half of Chinas public health institutions have been nonsmoking spaces since 2010. Smoking in some indoor public spaces and special 6. work spaces has not been allowed since January 2011. Selling to tobacco to anyone 7. than 18 is not allowed. The seller should ask the buyer to show his or her ID card if the seller can not see 8. old the buyer is . Now at least 23 countries use pictures on the packages to warn more people of the dangers of 9. . The picture warnings now are 10. in bigger characters, and the use of colors makes the warning clearer. For others and for yourself, please give up smoking. rulesoutdooryoungerhowsmokingprinted(十二)(2011山東) 注意：有兩項(xiàng)多余。 anywayimpossiblesucceedanotherno sixonceplanafterbecause When he decided to produce his V8 motor, Henry ford chose to make an eightcylinder(汽缸) engineblock in one piece. But the engineers said that was 1. . Ford said, “Produce it 2. .” “But，” they replied, “it is impossible.” “Go ahead，” Ford said, “and stay on the job until you3. , no matter how much time is required.”impossibleanywaysucceed Six months passed and nothing happened. Another 4. months passed, and still nothing happened, The engineers tried every possible 5. to carry out(執(zhí)行)the orders , but lire request(要求) seemed impossible. At the end of the year, the engineers again informed Ford they had found 6. way to carry out his orders. “Go right ahead，” said Ford. “I want it, and Ill have it.” They went ahead, and then, as if by a stroke(輕觸) of magic, the secret was discovered. Ford had won 7. more! Henry Ford was successful 8. one of his principles of success is that he believes what he wants. If you can do this, you can equal(與相當(dāng)) your achievements in any calling for which you are suited.sixplananotheroncebecause(十三)(2011嘉興、舟山) These days, a Chinese girls travel diary has become a hit online. Zhao Xing, with only a (地圖), a travel bag and 30 yuan, left the Chinese mainland for the (第一)time to Taiwan. At the (機(jī)場), she was helped by a man who even told her his phone number. A bus driver was kind enough to (叫醒)her up when she fell asleep on the ride. In Taiwan, Zhao told the man who (給)her a ride that she was from Beijing. The man asked if there was (任何事)else he could do to help make her journey (更好的) mapfirstairportwakegaveanythingbetter “After coming back and thinking over everything Ive experienced, I realized that the people impressed me the most, not the beautiful scenes or tasty food，” Zhao (寫)in her online diary. From Beijing to Taiwan, so close, so (遙遠(yuǎn)的)away. Zhaos wish is to encourage others to realize their (自己的)dreams of making the world a smaller, more friendly place for all. wrotefarown(十四)(2011麗水) Melbourne is in Australia. It is a beautiful city with huge garden, great (公園) and many amazing buildings. Many people come to (參觀) it every year. Melbourne is also an (古老的) city in Australia. It has an interesting (歷史) of more than 170 years. The first people came in 1835, and in the 1860s, gold was discovered. Because of this, Melbourne became a very (富裕的) city. Many new buildings were (建造) at that time. parkvisitancienthistoryrichbuilt And (今天), Melbourne is one of the worlds greatest cities. Many of them are very (流行的). For example, young people are mad about (足球) here. In 1958, the Olympic Games came to the city, and for the first time they were showed live on TV around the world. Melbourne is a nice (地方) and you can always have great fun here.popularfootballplacetoday(十五)(2011溫州) Mr. Hall takes his students to the (動(dòng)物園) every year. Last week, on (七月) 2nd, they went there by (公共汽車). It was very (熱的), but they all had a pleasant day out. Many students fell into love with the (六) baby pandas when they saw them. Some students loved the monkeys. The monkeys (跳) up and down the trees. How funny they were! Some boys liked the lions. The lions were very (強(qiáng)壯的) and smart. The trip was also for study. It was one of the (美術(shù)) lessons. “Its good for the students to get out of the (教室) to learn drawing，” Mr Hall said, “They feel (興奮的) to see all kinds of animals. Many of them do their best work on the trip.”zooJulybushotsixwere jumpingstrongartclassroomexcited(十六)(2011臺州)Sunday, May 1st I have been here in Singapore (和) my family for a week. This country is actually a (城市). Its small but clean. This morning it was (晴朗的), so we got up (早) and went to the beach. I (打) beach volleyball with others. My parents walked (緩慢地) on the soft sand. We (全體) had a good time there. In the evening, we arrived at Night Safari. We saw a young (老虎). It was very cute! Tomorrow my parents will (帶去) me to the Singapore Flyer, which is the (最大的) Ferris wheel in the world! Its an exciting place. I am looking forward to it.withcitysunny/fine/clearearlyplayedslowlyalltigertakebiggest/largest (十七)(2011金華) 1. The young man with glasses teaches (我們) Chinese. 2. Will you please pass me a (杯) of tea? 3. Your coat is green, but mine is (紅色的) 4. We had to stay (在) home last Sunday, for it was raining all day. 5. He (做) his homework late last night. 6. Both of the two girls look (像) their father. 7. There are many (公園) in Hangzhou. 8. Whos (高), Lucy or Lily? 9. They go to (上班) at eight every day. 10. Ann had her (十) birthday in China. She felt very happy.uscupredatdidlikezoostallerworktenth(十八)(2011紹興) In Beijing, it is not unusual to see a foreigner. However, in small (城鎮(zhèn)), we can be seen as a “panda”， something you have heard about but (幾乎不) or never seen in person. My wife is Chinese and the first time I met her parents we went to their home in a (西部的) province. We arrived in the afternoon and went inside to eat and (閑聊). After I had a short rest, I was told that there was a (群) of people on the street waiting for a chance to see the “panda”. Then I decided I should show (我自己) so that everyone could go back to their (日常的) lives. townhardlywesternchatgroupmyselfdaily/everydayAfter I had gone back inside that evening, we (注意到) that some other people were out on the street. They would have to wait (直到) the next day to see the “panda”. The kids next to the home were surprised when they saw me (步行) down the road. They were shouting “Foreigner！” as they ran along with me. Please remember that there is a place in this world where every one of us would be a “panda”noticeduntil/tillwalking(十九)(2011衢州) US President Obama gave a TV speech to his countrys students on the (第一) day of school. He made it from a (教室) in a high school. He told them to study as (努力) as they could. “No matter(無論) what you want to do with your life, you will need an education, ” he said. “This isnt just important for your own life and your own future. It will (決定) the future of this country.” Obama also said that school is not always (容易). The challenges(挑戰(zhàn)) of life make school a difficult time. firsthardclassroomdecideeasy “Maybe you cant get your Parents (幫助). Maybe someone (要求) you to go something wrong. But there is no excuse for not doing your homework or for not (嘗試). Your attitude(態(tài)度) toward yourselves and your education is the (最) important.” Students shook (手) with Obama at the end of the class.helpwants/askstryingmosthands (二十)(2011鹽城) 1. We all know that Millie has a (寵物)dog named Eddie. 2. We are going to celebrate the 90th birthday of our Party on (七月)lst , 2011. 3. A strong wind came from behind (突然)and we lost the umbrella in the wind. 4. The roads are becoming more and more (擁擠的) because of too much traffic. 5. Id love to join you in the camping, but I (允諾)to go cycling with John yesterday.petJulysuddenlycrowdedpromised 6. My mother was so tired that she fell a when watching TV. 7. E fresh vegetables and doing enough exercise will be good for your health. 8. Kung Fu Panda II is a fantastic film and I want to see it. But I cant d when to go. 9. Its dangerous to run w in all directions when an earthquake happens. 10. We are good friends and seldom speak or act a each other.sleepatingecideidelygainst (二十一)(2011蘇州) 1. Its my cousins (第二十三個(gè))birthday next week. 2. August is the (最熱)month in Suzhou, isnt it? 3. Excellent teachers are usually (感興趣) in their students. 4. The Great Wall of China is one of the (奇跡) of the world. 5. Do you know the difference (在之間)”beside” and “besides”twentythirdhottestinterestedwondersbetween 6. We visit the home for the elderly (一次) a month. 7. Have you ever (寫) a letter to your parents? 8. Would you like to (分享) your experiences with me. 9. This book is of great (價(jià)值) to beginners. 10. (實(shí)際上)，we still have a lot more to learn.oncewrittensharevalueActually (二十二)(2011宿遷) 1. Children in the west usually wear (特殊的) costumes with masks at Halloween. 2. Zhang Shaohan has a sweet (嗓音), and many of us like listening to her songs. 3. People around the world love (和平) and hate wars. 4. As we know, (星期一) is the second day of a week. 5. Sorry, I didnt follow you. Would you please speak more (清楚地)? 6. Now we are short of water and we should s water in our daily life. 7. Peters father is very (not free), so he does not have much time for his family.specialvoicepeaceMondayclearlyavebusy (二十三)(2011杭州) 1. My mother is a teacher and she has t English in this school for 20 years. 2. The n side of the building gets less sun than the south. 3. If the sky is c , theres no rain or cloud and you can see very far. 4. Bella can speak two l , French and Chinese. 5. S can be used for making food and drinks sweet. aughtorthlearanguagesugar 6. Susan was born in a v but she works in the city now. 7. Jack is the tallest a the three students. 8. Please dont make a n because the baby is sleeping now. 9. It is reported that two men were killed in a car a early this morning. 10. My doctor advised me to take the medicine t a day, in the morning and evening.illagemongoiseccidentwice (二十四)(2011無錫) 1. As we know, oil always (漂浮) on water. 2. He (點(diǎn)頭) to me in greeting when I entered the room. 3. We are very (自豪) that a pupil from our school has won the prize. 4. They all hurried (往樓上) to see what was going on. 5. There was (沉默) for a moment and then someone made a useful suggestion. floatsnoddedproudupstairssilence (二十五)(2011江西) 1. The ice is too . Its very dangerous to skate on it. 2. Little Tom did quite well in the English exam. He hardly made any