2010中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)課本知識(shí)整理八年級(jí)下Unit 8 Why don't you get her a scarf【知識(shí)梳理】 I. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)take an interest in 對(duì)感興趣make friends with 與交友 photo album影集  these days這些天   rather than與其（不如） sleep all day整天睡覺(jué)  make a special meal做一頓特殊的飯have enough time有足夠的時(shí)間  take care of照顧in different countries在不同的國(guó)家 too much太多 not special不特別  in Japan在日本 II. 重要句型1. How about ?/ What about ?這兩種句式都可以用來(lái)向他人提出建議，表示“怎么樣？” “你認(rèn)為如何？”，后面連接名詞或者動(dòng)名詞（動(dòng)詞ing形式）。2. Why dont you ?Why not ?這兩種句式都是反問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣，表示“為什么不”，也可以用來(lái)向別人提出建議，后面連接動(dòng)詞原形。3. Whats the best gift he/she has ever received?    “他/她曾經(jīng)收到的最好的禮物是什么？”III. 交際用語(yǔ)1. What should I get for sb?2. How about sth./doing sth.?3. How do you like sth.?4. What about sth./doing sth.?5. Why dont you buy/get?6. Why not buy/get?7. Theyre too expensive/cheap/personal8. Great!/Good idea!/OK. Ill get/buy9. My best gift is10. Its good for sb. to11. It can make sb.IV. 重要語(yǔ)法如何給別人提出建議和意見(jiàn)的常用句型【課文解析】1. How about ?What about ?這兩種句式都可以用來(lái)向他人提出建議，表示“怎么樣？” “你認(rèn)為如何？”，后面連接名詞或者動(dòng)名詞（動(dòng)詞ing形式）。例如：How about going to the movies?         去看電影怎么樣？What about a lovely dog?               一個(gè)可愛(ài)的小狗你認(rèn)為如何？2. Why dont you ?Why not ?這兩種句式都是反問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣，表示“為什么不”，也可以用來(lái)向別人提出建議，后面連接動(dòng)詞原形。例如：Why dont you go with us? = Why not go with us?          為何不跟我們一塊呢？10. pro n 贊成；贊成的理由con n. 反對(duì)，反對(duì)的理由例如：pro-American 親美派the pros and cons 正反兩面的意見(jiàn)11. much too   “太，過(guò)于”，修飾形容詞副詞   too much   “太多”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞   too many   “太多”，修飾可數(shù)名詞 例如：The street is much too crowded.      大街上太擠了。Dont spend too much money on clothing.      不要花太多的錢(qián)在衣著上。There are too many monkeys for me to count.      猴子太多，我數(shù)不過(guò)來(lái)。12. present   n.禮物present指禮物的一般性用語(yǔ)，gift是稍正式的用法。另外，present還可以作為形容詞，表示“現(xiàn)在的；出席的”。語(yǔ)法知識(shí)（一）如何給別人提出建議和意見(jiàn)的常用句型1、 詢問(wèn)對(duì)方意見(jiàn)：What shall we do tonight?詢問(wèn)對(duì)方意見(jiàn)的說(shuō)法還有：   What should I?( should表示請(qǐng)求、征詢對(duì)方意見(jiàn))eg.: What should I get my dad for his birthday? 我該送給爸爸什么作為他的生日禮物呢？   What should I get my sister for her birthday?2、提出建議： How about (doing something?) going to a movie?eg. : What shall we do this afternoon?   How about going for a walk?提出建議的句型還有：1）what about? （about是個(gè)介詞，可跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞）2）How about?eg.: How about a watch? 一塊手表怎么樣？   How/what about the photo album? 一個(gè)像冊(cè)怎么樣？   How/what about going to the theatre?   How about getting her a scarf? 買(mǎi)條圍巾送給她怎么樣？3）Why dont you do something?4) Why not do something?5) You should/could do something.6) You should (not) do something.7) Youd better (not) do something.8) What about doing sth?eg.: Why dont you buy a sweater?   Why not get a digital camera?   You should/could take some exercise every day.   You shouldnt eat too much.   Its very hot today. Youd better stay at home.   Youd better not quarrel with others.   What about going out for a picnic?在提出建議做什么事情之后，就會(huì)有人發(fā)表看法進(jìn)行比較。如：How about Star Wars?Thats a great movie! I heard the Star Wars is pretty good.3、發(fā)表看法時(shí)可以用Thats這個(gè)句型。eg.: Thats too expensive.Thats too boring.Thats too personal. 那太個(gè)性化了。Thats too not interesting enough. 那不夠有趣。Thats too not friendly enough. 那不夠友好。表示看法或意見(jiàn)的說(shuō)法還有：Good idea.It sounds good/great.Shell like it. 她會(huì)喜歡這個(gè)的。在發(fā)表看法時(shí)，還可以用感嘆句來(lái)表示：What a lucky girl! 多么幸運(yùn)的女孩！（二）感嘆句感嘆句可由what或how引導(dǎo)，what后面感嘆的部分中心詞為名詞，而how感嘆的部分一般為形容詞或副詞。在一個(gè)句子中，感嘆的部分提到what或how的后邊，其余成分不變。注意主謂不倒裝。eg.: What a beautiful flower this is! （原句為：This is a beautiful flower.）How smart they are! （原句為：They are smart.）Do you like small animals?常見(jiàn)的大家認(rèn)為比較可愛(ài)的動(dòng)物有: dog, cat, goldfish, parrot, turtle(烏龜), hamster(倉(cāng)鼠)比較scary的動(dòng)物，如：mouse, spider(蜘蛛), snake, lizard(蜥蜴)等。They need a lot of love. And you should have enough time to spend with them.（三）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Whats the best gift you have ever received? 你曾經(jīng)收到過(guò)的最好的禮物是什么？“you have ever received”是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的定語(yǔ)從句。1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：have/has + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞。2、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法：主要有兩種含義：一是強(qiáng)調(diào)某一發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響以及造成的結(jié)果；第二個(gè)意義是到現(xiàn)在為止這一時(shí)期中發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者情況?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常常與already, yet, just, ever, never, since, for或包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，也可以不用狀語(yǔ)連用。eg.: He has (already) come.Have you ever bought a birthday present for your sister?Whats the best gift Susan has ever received?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)側(cè)重的動(dòng)作產(chǎn)生的效果；而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)側(cè)重動(dòng)作持續(xù)的時(shí)間。eg.: How many pages of the novel have you read?(側(cè)重效果)How long have you been reading the novel?(側(cè)重持續(xù)的時(shí)間)（四）其它知識(shí)點(diǎn)1、enough的用法： 形容詞 + enough           enough + 名詞eg.: Thats not special enough. 那不夠特別Thats not creative enough. 那沒(méi)什么創(chuàng)意。They dont get enough gifts. 他們沒(méi)有得到足夠的禮物。I dont have enough time to spend with her. 我沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間和她在一起。此外，enough還可以說(shuō)：Its enough to make her happy. 這足以讓她很高興。也可以說(shuō)：enough for somebody to do sth.Eight hundred yuan is enough for me to buy an MP32、too to結(jié)構(gòu)：同樣表示程度的一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)：too to,太而不能（表示否定）to后面必須跟動(dòng)詞原形eg.: Its too difficult for me to carry the box.Hes too young to go to school.3、sothat結(jié)構(gòu)：too to結(jié)構(gòu)可用sothat(表示肯定，that后跟從句)來(lái)代替.eg.: Its so difficult that I cant carry the box.Hes so young that he cant go to school.（五）各國(guó)送禮的習(xí)俗：Gift giving is different in different countries.在日本，人們喜歡送一些很特別的禮物(special gift),而收到禮物的人一般都不會(huì)打開(kāi)，他可能把這件禮物轉(zhuǎn)送給另外一個(gè)人（someone else）。在加拿大人們一般不會(huì)送很貴重的禮物，他們可能會(huì)買(mǎi)一張長(zhǎng)椅（a bench）或一棵樹(shù)來(lái)紀(jì)念某個(gè)人。單元測(cè)試題根據(jù)句意和首字母完成單詞1Hows the w_ in Beijing?2It often s_ in the north of China in winter，and the weather is very cold3They are in France on v_ today4Can I take p_ of you?5Its s_ todayLets go out to play volleyball6There are many people t_ photos in the zoo7Thank you for j_ us in the party8There are some people l_ on the beach9Its very cold todayMany people are wearing coats and s_10I am s_ they can play in this heat   _ are talking AOther BOthersCThe other DThe others( )11Jim with his parents _ there Aare taking photosBis taking photos Ctake photosDare takeing photos( )12Whos cooking?  _ ALinda does BLinda isCLinda has DLindas( )13_?  Its windy AHow is it goingBHow is the weather CHow is it likeDDo you like the weather( )14Tigers can eat people  That sounds _ Areally BterribleCwell Dusually( )15Hello! _ LisaIs that Linda speaking?  Sorry，she is not at home AThis is BImCThat is DShe is句型轉(zhuǎn)換1Mary is watching TV(對(duì)畫(huà)線部分提問(wèn)) _ _ Mary _?2Its sunny in Beijing(對(duì)畫(huà)線部分提問(wèn)) _ the _ in Beijing?3They are playing volleyball on the beach(改為一般疑問(wèn)句) _ they _ volleyball on the beach?4Its snowing(改為否定句) It _ _ snowing5Whats the weather like in Shanghai?(改為同義句) _ the weather in Shanghai?6Its sunny today(改為同義句) Its a _ _ today7They look cool(改為一般疑問(wèn)句) _ they took cool?8Everyone is enjoying themselves(改為同義句) Everyone is _ a good _9I read a book when it rains(對(duì)畫(huà)線部分提問(wèn)) What _ you _ when it rains?10He does his homework every day(時(shí)間用now替換) He _ _ his homework now根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成句子1看! 他們?cè)诳措娨暋?Look! They are _ _2紐約的天氣怎么樣? Hows the _ in New York?3男孩子們正在打籃球。 The boys are _ _4你喜歡玩電腦游戲嗎? Do you like to _ _ _?5情況怎么樣? _ it _?6孩子們?cè)诠珗@里玩得很高興。 The children are _ _ _ _ in the park7這兒有很多人在度假。 There are many people here _ _8吉姆正在動(dòng)物園里給大象拍照。 Jim is _ _ of the elephants in the zoo9他們能在這么熱的天氣下玩我覺(jué)得很驚訝。 I am _ they can play in this _10這群人躺在沙灘上 The group of people are _ on the _根據(jù)首字母提示完成短文B：Whats he like?A： 5 He likes telling stories1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_完形填空ADad，shall we go to the park tomorrow?B： 1 ，if it is fineA：But dad，look 2 the skyThings are not goodThere are so many clouds and it is 3 B：Then we have to 4 at homeA：What about making a phone 5 ? The number is 121B：OKPhone：Good morning，everyone! Here is the 6 report for the 7 two daysToday Beijing will be 8 Tomorrow it will be better，and the temperature(溫度)is 23to 28A：GreatWe can go to the park tomorrowB：But you must finish your 9 Remember： 10 comes first( )1ASure BSorryCExcuse me DThanks( )2Afor Bafter Cat Dof( )3Awind BwindyCrain Draining( )4A keep Blook Cstay Dbuy( )5Acall Bcalling Ccalled Dcalls( )6Aweather Blistening Cnews Dwatch( )7A during Bnext Cone Dsecond( )8Arainy Brains Cwind Dsun( )9Ahomework BTVCgames Dplay( )10AStudy BPlayingCGames DTV閱讀理解 Canberra is the capital city of AustraliaIt is a beautiful city and the weather there is niceAt the beginning of spring(春天)，its very cool and it rains sometimesAt the end of spring it is very warmIt is very hot in summerPeople like going to the beach in summer because it is windy there and the sea is very coolIn fall(秋季)，it is very warm and the trees are orange and brownThey look very beautifulIn winter，it snows sometimesPeople like to go skiing (滑雪)every winter請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷正(T)誤(F)。( )1The weather in Canberra is very nice( )2It is always raining in spring in Canberra( )3It is windy and cool in Summer in Canberra( )4There are many orange trees in Canberra( )5People like going to the beach in summer書(shū)面表達(dá) 在冬季，你的家鄉(xiāng)天氣怎么樣?人們?cè)谶@樣的天氣里都在干什么?請(qǐng)根據(jù)提示寫(xiě)一篇介紹你們家鄉(xiāng)天氣的短文，50詞左右。winter，windy and cold，wear coats and scarves，have a good time，in the park，sing，dance，play soccer，take photos_中考鏈接完成句子，每空一詞(2008·北京)1該吃晚飯了。 Its time to _ _2你想來(lái)點(diǎn)兒面包嗎? Would you _ some _?3安太小，還不能上學(xué)。 Ann is _ young _ go to school4約翰跑得和我一樣快。 John runs _ fast _ me 8having，time 9do，do 10is doing 解析：把一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)改為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。1watching TV 2weather 3playing basketball 4play computer games 5Hows，going 6having a good time 7on vacation 8taking photos 9surprised，heat 10lying，beach1December 解析：句意為：在十一月，十二月英國(guó)南部這時(shí)是冷的。 2cold 解析：句意為：在一月和二月我們也有冷的天氣。 3long 解析：long與short相對(duì)。句意為：夜晚非常長(zhǎng)，白天很短。 4snows 解析：句意為：有時(shí)下雪，主語(yǔ)it為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)snow加s變?yōu)榈谌朔Q單數(shù)形式。 5lot 解析：“a lot+比較級(jí)”表示“得多”，句意為：在三月，天暖和多了。 6windy 解析：句意為：在四月，一直有風(fēng)。 7hot 解析：句意為：在夏天這兒不熱。 8rains 解析：主語(yǔ)it為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)變?yōu)榈谌朔Q單數(shù)形式rains。 9weather 解析：句意為：我愛(ài)我的家鄉(xiāng)，但是我不喜歡這兒的天氣。 10about 解析：what about?怎么樣呢?1B 2D 3A 4E 5C1A 解析：句意為：當(dāng)然可以，如果天氣好的話。 2C 解析：look at指有意識(shí)地看。 3B 解析：windy在此為形容詞，作is的表語(yǔ)，“有風(fēng)的”。 4C 解析：stay at home為固定詞組“待在家”。 5A 解析：make a phone call為固定詞組“打電話”。 6A 解析：weather report天氣預(yù)報(bào)。 7B 解析：the next two days未來(lái)兩天。 8A 解析：由Tomorrow it will be better可知今天北京的天氣不太好，rainy為形容詞，作be的表語(yǔ)。 9A 解析：句意為：但是你必須完成你的作業(yè)。 10A 解析：句意為：學(xué)習(xí)第一。1T 解析：由文中第二句可知堪培拉的天氣很好。 2F 解析：由文中第三句可知應(yīng)把a(bǔ)lways改為sometimes。 3F 解析：由文中It is very hot in summer可知在堪培拉夏天很熱。 4F 解析：文中沒(méi)提到有很多橘子樹(shù)。 5T 解析：由文中People like going to the beach in summer可知人們喜歡夏天去海灘。 In winter in Beijing，the weather is windy and coldPeople wear coats and scarvesBut everyone has a good timeIn the park，girls sing and danceBoys play soccerOthers take photos中考鏈接1 have supper 2like，bread 3too，to 4as，as 5helps，with