Unit 1 How can we become good learners?學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo) 認(rèn)知目標(biāo)： 1. Talk about how to study. 學(xué)會(huì)討論各種學(xué)習(xí)方法和策略。 2. Find out your suitable learning methods. 找出適合自己的學(xué)習(xí)方法。 情感目標(biāo)： 通過(guò)對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)方法的學(xué)習(xí)，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生用準(zhǔn)確而科學(xué)的方法做事的水平，明白“一份耕耘，一份收獲”。 技能目標(biāo)： （1）熟練掌握下列詞匯： aloud pronunciation discover repeat note pronounce increase speed partner create active connect review knowledge wisely born attention （2）熟練掌握下列短語(yǔ)： work with friends ask the teacher for help read aloud look up practice pronunciation connectwith pay attention to （3）掌握下列句型： How do you study English? I learn by working with a group. Do you learn English by reading aloud? Yes, I do. It helps my pronunciation. How can I read faster? You can read faster by reading word groups. How can I improve my pronunciation? One way is by listening to tapes.But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits. 重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)（Key points and difficulties） 1. 學(xué)會(huì)使用how來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)做事方式 2. 學(xué)會(huì)使用by + doing的結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)做事方式。by 介詞，表示“通過(guò)方法或途徑”，譯成“靠、通過(guò)”。by后面能夠加名詞或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)。 3. 動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成： 動(dòng)詞后加動(dòng)名詞doing，相當(dāng)于名詞，在句子中能夠做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)等。課時(shí)劃分Period 1 Section A 1 (1a-2d)Period 2 Section A 2 (3a-3b)Period 3 Section A 3 (Grammar Focus4c)Period 4 Section B 1 (1a-2e)Period 5 Section B 2 (3a-selfcheck)Section A 1 (1a-2d)Step 1 Warming up T： How do you study English? Do you study English by the following ways? (Show some pictures and present the important phrases.) T： How do you study English?S： I study English by _. by working with friends.by making word cards.by asking the teacher for help.by reading the textbook.by working with a group.by listening tapes.Step 2 1a Check the ways you study English. Then add other ways you sometimes study._ a. by working with friends._ b. by making word card._ c. by reading the textbook._ d. by listening to tapes_ e. by asking the teacher for help.Step 3 Listening 1) Listen. How do these students study for a test? Write letters from 1a above.2) Check the answers: b (Meiping); e (Peter); d (Tony)Step 4 Guess Show some pictures. Guess: How does he/she study English? He/She studies English by How do they study English? They study English byStep 5 Pairwork 1c Make conversations about how you study for a test. A: How do you study for a test? B: I study by working with a group. A: How do you study for a test? B: I study byStep 6 Listening 2a Listen and check the questions you hear.1 _ Does anyone learn English by watching videos?2 _ Do you have conversations with friends in English?3 _ What about listening to tapes?4 _ What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation?5 _ Have you ever studied with a group? Answers: 1, 2, 4, 52b Listen again. Match each answer below with a question above. a. Yes, I have. Ive learned a lot that way.b. Oh, yes. It really improves my speaking skills.c. I do that sometimes. I think it helps.d. No. Its too hard to understand spoken English. Answers: d, b, c, aStep 7 Pairwork1. 2c Make conversations using the information in 2a and 2b A: Have you ever studied with a group? B: Yes, I have. Ive learned a lot that way. Show some pictures.1) A: Do you learn English by watching movies? B: Yes, its a very interesting way. C: No, its too hard to understand spoken English. 2) A: What about writing letters to a pen pal in America? B: Yes, it helps to improve my writing skills and know a lot about America. 3) A: Do you have conversations with friends in English? B: Of course, we can talk about plenty of things like school, pets, movies, and our parents. 2. 2c Role-play the conversation.Step 8 Summary How do you study English? 1. by working with friends2. by watching English movies. 3. by making word cards. 4. by reading the textbook.5. by listening to tapes. 6. by asking the teacher for help. 7. by reading aloud. Step 9 Language points 1. I study by working with a group. 我通過(guò)小組活動(dòng)來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)。 by作為介詞，用法很多。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)觀察下面的例句，分析by的用法，然后補(bǔ)全結(jié)論部分所缺的內(nèi)容?！纠洹?) Come and sit by us.2) Peter goes to work by bus every day.3) Tony will come back by 10:00 pm.4) English is spoken by lots of people.5) My brother studies history by working with a group.【結(jié)論】1) by可表示位置，(1) “_”，如句1。也有“從旁邊（經(jīng)過(guò)）”之意。2) by可表示交通、傳遞等的方式，如句2。3) by可表示時(shí)間，“到（某時(shí)）之前；不遲于”，如句3。4) by可用于構(gòu)成(2) _，“被，由”，如句4。5) by可表示方式或手段，(3) “_”結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作方式狀語(yǔ)，“通過(guò)方式（方法）”或“借助手段”，如句5。 Answers: (1) 在旁邊 (2) 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) (3) by + V-ing形式 【運(yùn)用】根據(jù)提示，用含有by的短語(yǔ)完成各句。1) Annie went to Beijing _ (乘火車(chē)) yesterday.2) His grandfather made a living _ (靠賣(mài)水果) in the past. 3) The scientists have to arrive at the village _ (八月以前).4) Allen goes _ (經(jīng)過(guò)郵局) on his way to school every morning.5) The book was written _ (由幾個(gè)工程師). Answers: 1) by train 2) by selling fruits 3) by August 4) by the post office 5) by several engineers 2. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation? 大聲朗讀來(lái)練習(xí)發(fā)音怎么樣？辨析aloud, loud和loudlyaloud出聲地；大聲地。常與read/ call等詞連用, 不用于比較級(jí)。 e.g. Dont read aloud in the library. 不要在圖書(shū)館大聲朗讀。 loud 大聲地；喧鬧地。指說(shuō)話(huà)聲和笑聲，常與talk/ speak/ laugh/ sing等詞連用, 常用比較級(jí)。 e.g. We cant hear you. Please speak louder. 我們聽(tīng)不到你的聲音。請(qǐng)?jiān)俅舐朁c(diǎn)。loudly 高聲地；喧鬧地?？梢院蚻oud互換，含有“吵鬧”的意思，不悅耳。 What about/ How about? 后跟名詞，代詞或v.-ing。用于征求意見(jiàn)。 e.g. What about a cup of tea? 喝杯茶怎么樣？ How about you? 你呢？ What /How about going to the zoo this afternoon? 今天下午去動(dòng)物園怎么樣？ 3. Its too hard to understand spoken English. 句中的it是形式主語(yǔ), 不定式短語(yǔ)to understand spoken English是真正的主語(yǔ)。該句句型為: Its+too+adj.+ (for sb.)+to do sth. 意思是“(對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō))做某事是的”。如： Its too important to keep healthy. Its difficult for him to learn two languages.【鏈接】 too . to . 結(jié)構(gòu)常表示“太而不能”, too后面接形容詞或副詞, to后面接動(dòng)詞原形。如： The room is too dirty to live in. He walks too slowly to get there on time.【運(yùn)用】 將下面的句子翻譯成英語(yǔ)。 1) 孩子們?cè)谀菞l河里游泳是危險(xiǎn)的。 Its dangerous for the children to swim in that river. 2) 晚飯后散步太有必要了。 Its too necessary to take a walk after supper. 3) 水太燙, 不能喝。 The water is too hot to drink.Step 10 Exercises . Choose the best answer.1. He goes to school _ bike. A. by B. on C. in D. at 2. How do you study English so well? By _ lots of books. A. read B. look C. watching D. reading Answers: A, D . Complete the following sentences.1. 大聲朗讀來(lái)練習(xí)發(fā)音怎么樣？ What about _ to practice pronunciation? 2. 她通過(guò)讀課本來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。 She studies English _ the textbook.3. She improves her English _ (通過(guò)加入英語(yǔ)俱樂(lè)部). Answers: 1. reading aloud 2. by reading 3. by joining an English club . Translation.1. 老師要求我大聲朗讀課文。 2. 不要這么大聲。嬰兒在睡覺(jué)。 3. 我爸爸經(jīng)常開(kāi)車(chē)去上班。 Answers: 1. The teacher asked me to read aloud the text. 2. Dont talk so loudly. The baby is sleeping. 3. My father often goes to work by car.Step 11 HomeworkHow do you study English? What about physics and Chinese?Make a list. Section A 2 (3a-3b)Step 1 Revision Give the students some pictures, then let them talk about: How do you study English? I study by _.Step 2 Reading 1. Warming up Look at the picture on page 3, then let the students talk about:The girl is Wei Fen. What is she doing? Can you guess how she studies English ? 2. ReadingFinish 3a: Read the passage about Wei Fen and answer the questions.1) Why did Wei Fen find it difficult to learn English?2) What did she do in English class?3) What is the secret to language learning?secret n. 秘密; 秘訣 adj. 秘密的; 保密的Answers:1) The teacher spoke too quickly and Weifen did not understand her most of the time, but she was afraid to ask questions of her poor pronunciation.2) She hid behind her textbook and never said anything.3) For Wei Fen, the secret to language learning is listening to something interesting. Finish 3b: Complete the sentences with what Wei Fen learned from watching movies. Use words and phrases from the passage. 1) I can understand the meaning by watching their _ and the _ on their faces.2) I can get the meaning by listening for just the _.3) My pronunciation improved by listening to the _ in English movies.4) I learned _ sentences like “Its a piece of cake” by watching the movies.5) I can find the meaning of the new words by looking them up in a _.Answers: body language expressions key words conversations useful dictionaryexpression n. 表情; 表示; 表達(dá)方式Step 3 Language points 1. Why did Wei Fen find it difficult to learn English? find it difficult/hard to do sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難 【find用法歸納】 find sb. doing sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事 find it + adj. + to do sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很find it + adj. to do sth.中的it是形式賓語(yǔ), adj.做賓補(bǔ), to do sth.是真正的賓語(yǔ)。同類(lèi)的動(dòng)詞還有think, feel, consider等。 【活學(xué)活用】1) I found it _ (interest) to talk with my grandfather2) I found it hard for me _ (improve) spoken English.Answers: interesting, to improve 2. But I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation. be afraid to do sth. 害怕去做某事 【afraid用法歸納】 be afraid of sth./doing sth. 害怕做某事(擔(dān)心出現(xiàn)某種不良后果) be afraid to do sth. 害怕去做某事(“怕” 或“不敢”去做某事) be afraid +that 恐怕(禮貌地說(shuō)出令人不快、失望或感到遺憾的事) 【活學(xué)活用】 Tina is so shy that she is afraid of _ in front of a group. A. to speak B. speak C. speaking D. spoke Answer: C3. Then one day I watched an English movie called Toy Story. called=named 叫做 【call用法歸納】 call sb.=telephone sb. =phone sb. =give sb. a call =ring sb. up 給某人打電話(huà) call on sb. 拜訪某人 4. I discovered that listening to something interesting is the secret to language learning. discover v. 發(fā)現(xiàn); 發(fā)覺(jué) 指偶然或經(jīng)過(guò)努力發(fā)現(xiàn)原來(lái)客觀存在但不為人所知的事物。 e.g. Columbus discovered America in 1492. 哥倫布于1492年發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲。 5. I also learned useful sentences like “Its a piece of cake” or “It serves you right.” a piece of cake和serves sb. right是英語(yǔ)中的兩個(gè)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ), 也可稱(chēng)作習(xí)語(yǔ)idiom(s)。同漢語(yǔ)中的成語(yǔ)類(lèi)似, 習(xí)語(yǔ)是人們?cè)陂L(zhǎng)期的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用中約定俗成的一種固定表達(dá)方式, 其意思往往不是字面所表達(dá)的含義。如: a piece of cake表示事情非常簡(jiǎn)單、易于解決, 相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)的“小菜一碟; 小事一樁”; serves sb. right則相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)說(shuō)某人“活該”。6. But because I wanted to understand the story, I looked them up in a dictionary. look up (在詞典、參考書(shū)中或通過(guò)電腦)查閱; 抬頭看 【look用法歸納】 look after 照顧 look like 看起來(lái)像 look out 當(dāng)心, 小心 look through 瀏覽 look for 尋找 look forward to 期待 look around 向四周看 have/take a look 看一看 look over 檢查 Step 4 Summary 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很難 find it difficult to do sth.語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的秘密 the secret to language learning害怕做某事 be afraid to do sth.愛(ài)上 fall in love with肢體語(yǔ)言 body language臉上的表情 the expressions on the faces關(guān)健詞 key words對(duì)感興趣 be interested in 語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的秘密 look up the word in the dictionaryStep 5 Homework 1. Recite the important sentences in the passage on page 3.2. Remember the words and phrases in this lesson.Section A3 (Grammar Focus4c)Step 1 Free talkTalk about the ways you learn other subjects. You can use the following phrases and sentences.How do you learn Chinese/ math /physics/chemistry?Do you learn history and geography by_?Step 2 4aAnswer the questions. Then match the questions and answers.1. How do you practice speaking?2. How do you learn new words?3. How do you improve your writing?4. How do you practice listening?5. How do you improve your pronunciation?6. How do you learn grammar?a. By watching English programs.b. By listening to a tape and repeating out loud.c. By having conversations with friends.d. By taking notes, doing exercises and reading a lot.e. By making word cards.f. By writing e-mails to my pen pals.Step 3 4bComplete these statements. Use information that is true for you.match physics chemistry Chinese history geographye.g. I usually practice my English by taking notes / reading books and newspapers / speaking English with my classmates / memorizing sentence patterns.a. I usually practice my math by_.b. I usually practice my physics by_. c. I usually practice my chemistry by_.d. I usually practice my Chinese by _.e. I usually practice my history and geography by _.Step 4 4cCheck what you do to learn English . Then interview your partner.A: Do you learn English by doing grammar exercises?B: Yes, I do.A: How often do you do them?B:I learn English byMy partner learnsEnglish by yesnohow oftenyesno how oftendoing grammar exercises.taking notes in English.reading English magazines.keeping a diary in English. using an English dictionary.Step 5 Grammar How do you learn English? I learn by studying with a group.Do you learn English by reading aloud? Yes, 1 do. It helps my pronunciation.How can I read faster? You can read faster by reading word groups.How can I improve my pronunciation? One way is by listening to tapes.動(dòng)名詞定義: 它是一種兼有動(dòng)詞和名詞特征的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式?；拘问? V-ing作用: 動(dòng)名詞具有名詞的性質(zhì)，在句中可以做主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等。動(dòng)名詞的基本用法1. 用作主語(yǔ)所表動(dòng)作比較抽象，或者泛指習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。e.g. Playing with fire is dangerous.注意：動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)，有時(shí)先用it作形式主語(yǔ)，把動(dòng)名詞置于句末。這種用法在習(xí)慣句型中常用。 1) It is no use/ good / useless + doing2) It is a waste of time + doing 3) It is fun + doing 在以上結(jié)構(gòu)中常用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)。e.g. Its no use crying over spilt milk. (覆水難收） There is no joking about the matter.It is fun playing with children. 和孩子們一起玩真好。 2. 用作賓語(yǔ)1) 作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ) 常見(jiàn)的此類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有：practise, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, depend on, think about, succeed in, worry about, be used to, get used to, look forward to, pay attention to等。e.g. How do you practice speaking? I have to finish reading a book and give a report.2) 作介詞的賓語(yǔ) 1. I learn English by doing grammar exercises.2. Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 3. He was late again because of getting up late.4. Lock the doors and windows before going out. 5. What/How about the two of us playing games？活學(xué)活用1. She cant help _ (cry) after _ (hear) the bad news.2. Do you feel like _ (have) a break?3) 既可接動(dòng)名詞又可接不定式的常用動(dòng)詞有：remember, forget, regret, mean, try等，但表達(dá)的意義不同。e.g. I remember seeing her at the hotel. 我記得在賓館見(jiàn)過(guò)她。(動(dòng)作發(fā)生了) I will remember to see her at the hotel. 我記著要去賓館見(jiàn)她。(動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生) remember/forget/ regret to do 動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生 doing動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生try to do 設(shè)法、努力去做，盡力doing 試試去做（看有何結(jié)果）mean to do 打算做（主語(yǔ)一般是人）doing意味著（主語(yǔ)一般是物）regret to do 對(duì)將要做的事抱歉doing 對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事感到后悔stop to do停下去做另外一件事doing停止做手頭的事情3. 作表語(yǔ) 動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)句子主語(yǔ)常是表示無(wú)生命的事物的名詞或what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。表語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞與主語(yǔ)通常是對(duì)等的關(guān)系，表示主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容，主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)可互換位置。 e.g. Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任務(wù)就是擦窗戶(hù)。 (Cleaning the windows is your task.) What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被別人嘲笑。 (Being laughed at is what I hate most.) 動(dòng)名詞有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化。動(dòng)名詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本形式：（以write為例） 時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般時(shí)完成時(shí)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)writing having written 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)being written having been written 注意：動(dòng)名詞的否定形式是：not writing 動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)Would you mind _（我開(kāi)窗戶(hù)嗎）？Would you mind my / me opening the window?my/ me 稱(chēng)為動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)。I cant understand Jack /Jacks leaving his wife.I cant understand his/him leaving his wife.Jacks/ His leaving his wife is unbelievable.Step 6 Exercises 1. My watch needs _, but I have no time to go to town to have it _. A. to repair; repaired B. to be repaired; repairing C. repairing; repaired D. being repaired; repaired2. You should apologize to your sister for _ her the truth. A. telling B. not telling C. telling not D. not tell3. -The light in the office is still on. -Oh, I forgot _ it off. A. turning B. turn C. to turn D. having turned4. Hearing the bad news, the mother couldnt help _. A. to cry B. crying C. cry D. cries5. Our teacher told us to spend some time _ English every day. A. to practise speaking B. practising speaking C. to practise to speak D. practising to speak6. It is no use _ without doing.A. to promise B. promising C. promise D. to be promisedStep 7 HomeworkWrite a short composition about how to learn English.Section B 1 (1a-2e)Step 1 DiscussionDo you have difficulty in learning English? What things are difficult for you?1a Learning English can be difficult. What things are difficult for you? Read the list. Check () the statements that are true for you. _ I can't pronounce some of the words._ I can't always understand spoken English._I don't know how to increase my reading speed._I can't spell some English words._I often make mistakes in grammar.注解: 1. I cant always understand spoken English. 【解析】speak spoke spoken v.說(shuō) 【注意】部分動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞也可做該詞的形容詞：spoken 口語(yǔ)的 broken 壞掉的written 寫(xiě)作的2. I dont know how to increase my reading speed. 【解析】“疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”作賓語(yǔ)【注意】what to do后不需要跟賓語(yǔ) how to do后必須跟賓語(yǔ)【拓展】“疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)：know，tell, wonder,ask, find out, learn+what, which, when, where,how +動(dòng)詞不定式（to do）1b What other things are difficult for you? Make a list.1. I dont know enough words to write well.2._3._Step 2 Listening and speaking 1c Paul finds it difficult to learn English. Listen and complete the learning challenges he talks about.Challenges1. He cant get the _ right.2 He _ a lot of new words.3. He cant always _ when people talk to him.4. He doesnt get much _ practice. Answers: pronunciation, forgets, understand, writing1d Listen again. Complete the solutions.Solutions1. _ can help.2. He can always _ in his notebook and study them at home.3. He can _ to practice speaking.4. He should find a _ to practice writing.Answers: Listening, write the new words, join an English language club, pen pal1e Role-play conversations using the information in 1c and 1d. A: I dont have a partner to practice English with.B: Maybe you should join an English club.注解: Maybe you should join an English club. 【解析】join/join in/take part in (1) join=be a member of 參加, 指加入某種組織，并成為其中的一員。 join the army / party 入伍/黨 join the club 加入俱樂(lè)部 join in 后接活動(dòng)名稱(chēng) join sb. 加入到某個(gè)人群之中(2) take part in參加，指加入群體活動(dòng)中并在活動(dòng)中發(fā)揮重要作用。Step 3 Discussion2a What good learning habits can you think of? Make a list and discuss them with your partner.Step 4 Reading 2b Read the passage quickly. Which four habits of successful learners are mentioned?2c Read the passage again and answer the questions. 1. Does the writer think that everyone is born with the ability to learn well? Do you agree? Why or why not? 2. Why is it a good idea to connect some