完形填空突破(一)記敘文1記敘型完形填空的特點(diǎn)(1)在記事記敘文的完形填空中,作者在文章的開頭就把事件及其發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)交代清楚,然后對(duì)這件事情的發(fā)生、發(fā)展進(jìn)行陳述,反映出作者的某種思想,最后得出事件結(jié)果。(2)在記人記敘文的完形填空中,作者往往在文章的第一句話就交代出所述人物的姓名、身份、業(yè)績(jī),讓讀者對(duì)他有一個(gè)總體的印象。然后,對(duì)這個(gè)人的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷作出詳細(xì)的介紹,從而讓讀者對(duì)他有更清楚的認(rèn)識(shí)。(3)記敘文的人稱通常有第一人稱和第三人稱。采用第一人稱,便于直抒胸臆,讀起來(lái)有種親切感和真實(shí)感。采用第三人稱,不受時(shí)空限制,能從多方面自由敘述。2記敘型完形填空的備考策略(1)重視首句,把握開篇完形填空一般首句不設(shè)空,是完整的一句。細(xì)讀此句可以判斷文章的體裁,預(yù)測(cè)全文大意和主旨。讀懂首句可以幫助建立正確的思維導(dǎo)向,避免誤入歧途,對(duì)理解全文起重要的作用。(2)速讀全文,掌握大意速讀全文要一氣呵成,盡管有空格、生詞或不明白的地方,仍要快速讀下去,不要急于看選項(xiàng)。一遍讀不懂可以再迅速讀一遍,要重點(diǎn)了解文中所敘述的人物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、事件,即who,when,where,what等。掌握梗概,總體把握文章內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)變化、情節(jié)的展開、結(jié)局的形成,然后答題。(3)弄清作者對(duì)人物和事件的態(tài)度弄清作者對(duì)人物和事件的態(tài)度也是做好記敘型完形填空的關(guān)鍵。分析近幾年高考題,有不少題需要在正確把握反映作者情感和態(tài)度的關(guān)鍵詞的基礎(chǔ)上才能做好。(4)理順事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)局記敘型完形填空多數(shù)是按事件發(fā)生的順序進(jìn)行敘述,正確把握文章的發(fā)展順序?qū)Π盐瘴恼碌闹髅}有著重要的意義,因此,在選擇答案時(shí)可以事先理清人物間的關(guān)系及各自所做的事情。1(2010·南京一次統(tǒng)考)DavidYears ago,when I was working at a childrens institution,a boy1up in the waiting room.It was David.He had2his parents.He was very sad3to talk to others.The first two times we met,David didnt say a word.He sat in the chair andonly4up at the childrens drawings on the wall.As he was about to leave5the second visit,I put my hand on his6.He didnt shrink (退縮) back,but he didnt look at me either.“Come back next week,” I hesitated a bit.Hecame,andIsuggestedweplayagameofchess.He7.Afterthatweplayed8everytime,incomplete9andwithoutmakinganyeyecontact.Itsnot10tocheatinchess,butIadmitthatImadesureDavidwon11.Itseemedasifheenjoyedmy12.Butwhydidheneverlookatme？PerhapshesensedthatIrespectedhissuffering.Ikeptwonderingand13withhim,untilsomemonthslater,14,helookedupatme.“Itsyourturn,”hesaid.Afterthatday,Davidstarted15.Hegotfriendsinschool.Hewrotemeafew16abouthowhewouldtrytogetintouniversity.Aftersometime,theletters17.Nowhehadreallystartedtolivehisownlife.Ilearnedhow18curespain.AndDavidshowedmehowonewithoutany 19canreachouttoanotherperson.Allittakesisashouldertocryon,a20 touchandanearthatlistens.1A.showedBwentCroseDput答案A解析考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。此處表示一個(gè)小男孩出現(xiàn)在等候室。riseup起義；goup上升；putup搭起。2A.missedBlostClovedDrespected答案B解析考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文的“sad”和“suffering”以及小孩的表現(xiàn)可知,他“失去”了父母,B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。miss思念；love愛(ài)；respect尊重。3A.preferringBtryingCrefusingDexpecting答案C解析考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)前面的sad和下文反復(fù)提到的小孩不說(shuō)話的舉動(dòng)可知,C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。prefertodo更喜歡做；trytodo努力做；expecttodo期待著做。4A.glancedBstaredCwokeDlooked答案D解析考查動(dòng)詞。小孩不說(shuō)話只是抬頭看著墻上的畫。glanceat迅速地瞄一眼；stareat凝視；wakeup醒來(lái)。5A.afterBwhenCbeforeDuntil答案A解析考查連詞的用法。此處表示在小孩第二次來(lái)訪后要走的時(shí)候。6A.backBshoulderCfaceDhand答案B解析考查名詞的用法。此處指作者把手放到小孩的肩膀上。其他的詞在此處不符合語(yǔ)境。back背部；face臉部；hand手。7A.criedBsmiledCnoddedDwondered答案C解析考查動(dòng)詞的用法。根據(jù)下文可知,小孩同意了作者的建議,所以C項(xiàng)為最佳答案。cry哭泣；smile微笑；wonder想知道。8A.violinBcardsCbasketballDchess答案D解析考查上下文聯(lián)系。根據(jù)上文“weplayagameofchess”可知,答案選D項(xiàng)。violin小提琴；cards紙牌游戲；basketball籃球。9A.silenceBsurpriseCdoubtDtrouble答案A解析考查名詞的用法。從下文作者開始同小孩說(shuō)話,并結(jié)合第一段中的小孩拒絕說(shuō)話可知,此處A項(xiàng)為最佳答案。insurprise驚訝地;indoubt不確定;introuble處于麻煩之中。10A.wiseBeasyCrightDwrong答案B解析考查形容詞的用法。作者想讓小孩贏,以恢復(fù)他的信心,但是作者要想輸?shù)貌宦逗圹E,也是件不容易的事。11AnowandthenBmoreorlessConceortwiceDallthetime答案C解析考查語(yǔ)境理解。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知,此處表示作者想讓小孩贏一兩次。nowandthen不時(shí)；moreorless大約；allthetime一直。12A.gameBsuccessCcheatDcompany答案D解析考查名詞的用法。此處表示小孩喜歡和作者在一起。game游戲；success成功；cheat騙子。13AplayingBcompetingCarguingDfighting答案A解析考查動(dòng)詞的用法。結(jié)合上下文可知,此處應(yīng)是作者和小孩繼續(xù)一起玩。compete競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；argue爭(zhēng)吵；fight打架。14A.naturallyBsuddenlyCimpatientlyDangrily答案B解析考查副詞的用法。此處表示小孩抬頭看他,對(duì)于作者來(lái)說(shuō)很突然。naturally天然地；impatiently不耐煩地；angrily生氣地。15A.laughingBsingingCtalkingDsleeping答案C解析考查具體語(yǔ)境中動(dòng)詞的辨析。結(jié)合上下文可知,C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。laugh笑；sing唱歌；sleep睡。16AarticlesBcompositionsCemails Dletters答案D解析考查上下文聯(lián)系。下文提到了letters,故此處選D項(xiàng)。article文章；composition作文；email電子郵件。17A.stopped Barrived Cposted Dcontinued答案A解析考查動(dòng)詞的用法。此處表示小孩在給作者寫了一些信之后,就停止寫了。這表示小孩已經(jīng)開始了自己的生活。arrive到達(dá)；post郵寄；continue繼續(xù)。18A.moneyBtimeChateDfame答案B解析考查名詞的用法。此處意為“時(shí)間是怎樣醫(yī)治人的痛苦的”。money金錢；hate憎恨；fame聲譽(yù)。19A.hopesBactionsCwordsDcomplaints答案C解析考查名詞的用法。整篇文章都在介紹小孩少言寡語(yǔ),所以此處C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。hope希望；action動(dòng)作；complaint怨言。20A.gentlyBlovelyClivelyDfriendly答案D解析考查副詞與形容詞的用法。本文的主題是：一個(gè)人悲傷時(shí)需要?jiǎng)e人的關(guān)愛(ài),需要得到的僅僅是一個(gè)哭泣時(shí)可以依靠的肩膀、一次友好的接觸和一只傾聽的耳朵。gently溫和地；lovely可愛(ài)的；lively精力充沛的。2(2010·無(wú)錫高三檢測(cè))On a flight from Johannesburg,a middle­aged,rich white South African lady had found herself sitting next to a black man.She called the cabin crew attendant (服務(wù)員)over to1about her seating.“What seems to be the2,Madam？”asked the attendant.“Cant you see？”she said,“Youve sat me next to a3person！I cant possibly sit next to this kind of person.Find me another4！”“Please5down,Madam,”the stewardess replied.“The flight is very full today,6Ill tell you what Ill doIll go and7to see if we have any seats available in club or first class.”The woman glanced at the angry black man beside her (not to mention many of the surrounding passengers)A few8later the stewardess returned with the9news,which she delivered to the lady.“Madam,10,as I expected,economy is11.Ive spoken to the cabin services director,and club is also full.12,we do have one seat in13class.”Before the lady had a chance to answer,the stewardess14,“It is most extraordinary to make this kind of upgrade(升級(jí)),however,and I have had to get special15from the captain.But,learning the conditions,the16felt that it was shocking that someone should be17to sit next to such a tiring person.”Having said that,the stewardess18to the black man sitting next to the lady,and said,“So19youd like to get your things,sir,I have your seat ready for you.”At which point,obviously the20passengers stood and gave an applause while the black man walked up to the front of the plane.1A.argueBtalkCthinkDcomplain答案D解析不希望與那個(gè)黑人坐在一起,所以“抱怨”。2A.problemBthemeCsymbolDinjury答案A解析詢問(wèn)有什么問(wèn)題。3A.whiteBblackCrichDshort答案B解析根據(jù)第一段第一句中的“sittingnexttoablackman”可知。4A.carBbedCseatDroom答案C解析上文提到她不愿意與一個(gè)黑人坐在一起,同時(shí)從后面的句子可知“想另外找一個(gè)位子”。5A.bendBsitClookDcalm答案D解析看到乘客有點(diǎn)激動(dòng),所以先安慰她,請(qǐng)她鎮(zhèn)靜。6A.butBandCsoDor答案A解析前后句子在邏輯上含有轉(zhuǎn)折的意味,所以用but。7A.testBcheckCexamineDprove答案B解析check檢查,即通過(guò)檢查確信。8A.hoursBdaysCminutesDmonths答案C解析根據(jù)常識(shí)在飛行的飛機(jī)上找座位時(shí)間不可能太久,所以用minutes。9A.goodBbadCoriginalDharmful答案A解析根據(jù)下文“wedohaveoneseatin13class”判斷“是一個(gè)好消息”。10AtotallyBinsteadCbesidesDunfortunately答案D解析經(jīng)濟(jì)艙滿了,所以用“不幸地”。11A.emptyBfullCexpensiveDtidy答案B解析由下文“andclubisalsofull”可知答案。12A.SomehowBInfactCHoweverDTherefore答案C解析前面提到的兩個(gè)地方都滿員了,頭等艙仍有座位,可知前后有轉(zhuǎn)折的意味。13A.secondBclubCeconomyDfirst答案D解析根據(jù)下文“whiletheblackmanwalkeduptothefrontoftheplane”可知。14AcontinuedBstoppedCexplainedDquestioned答案A解析前面說(shuō)了一些話,接著又說(shuō),所以用continued。15Astyle BpermissionCdesignDsuggestion答案B解析從后文談到的與機(jī)長(zhǎng)有關(guān)的事情判斷“需要征詢機(jī)長(zhǎng)的許可”。16A.womanBmanCcaptainDattendant答案C解析由下文“andIhavehadtogetspecial15fromthecaptain”可知答案。17A.forcedBallowedCforbiddenDused答案A解析beforcedto被迫。18AreferredBturnedCowedDintroduced答案B解析剛才與那個(gè)白人婦女交談,這里與黑人男子說(shuō)話,所以用“轉(zhuǎn)向”(turned)。19A.whileBthoughCifDunless答案C解析用if表示條件。20AunexpectedBunitedCsufferingDsurrounding答案D解析剛才人們?cè)谟^望,所以用“周圍的”旅客恰當(dāng)。內(nèi)容總結(jié)（1）完形填空突破(一)記敘文1記敘型完形填空的特點(diǎn)(1)在記事記敘文的完形填空中,作者在文章的開頭就把事件及其發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)交代清楚,然后對(duì)這件事情的發(fā)生、發(fā)展進(jìn)行陳述,反映出作者的某種思想,最后得出事件結(jié)果（2）分析近幾年高考題,有不少題需要在正確把握反映作者情感和態(tài)度的關(guān)鍵詞的基礎(chǔ)上才能做好（3）此處表示小孩在給作者寫了一些信之后,就停止寫了（4）lively精力充沛的