1. A: Who is that handsome boy? B: Which one? A: The one in blue. B: You mean the one who/that is wearing a blue jacket? A: Yes. B: Oh, he is a student whose mother is a very famous singerStudying the RuleA: Can I help you?B: Yes, I want to buy a ruler.A: We have plastic and stainless steel rulers. Which do you prefer?B: I prefer plastic ones.A: Yes, the ruler which / that are made of plastic are usually colorful. Here you are.B: Thank you.1) An adjective (e.g. handsome) goes before / after the noun it relates to. 2) A prepositional phrase (e.g. in blue) goes before / after the noun it relates to.3) The relative clauses goes after / before the noun it relates to.Finding the RuleLook at the following sentences and try to find out how to use relative pronouns in relative clauses.1. He who/that doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.2. I dont like the girl whom/that you are talking about.3. This is the house which/that has just been painted.4. The computer which/that I bought a month ago broke down yesterday.5. The girl whose English is very good won the first place in the 100- meter race.6. This is my school whose buildings are built on the top of a hill.1. In relative clauses, that and which are used to refer to things.2. In relative clauses, we use who to refer to people.3. When who functions as the object, it can be replaced by whom.4. We can leave out who, whom, which and that when they are the objects.5. We use whose to mean possession. It usually relates to a person, but it can also relate to things.Relative pronounsPeopleThingsSubject Objectwhowhomwhichthatwhose關(guān)系代詞與先行詞的關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞與先行詞的關(guān)系1. A plane is a machine that can fly.the machine = that2. The boy who broke the window is called Tom.關(guān)系代詞實(shí)際上是先行詞的復(fù)指關(guān)系代詞實(shí)際上是先行詞的復(fù)指the boy = whothe boys/ the clubs = whose關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞whose實(shí)際上是先行詞的所有格實(shí)際上是先行詞的所有格3. The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.4. The club whose members are music fans meet in the school garden every Saturday afternoon.Are these sentences right?The man whom you spoke was a scientist.The city which she lives is far away.toinThe man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.Are these two sentences right? Tips:當(dāng)當(dāng)介詞前置時(shí)介詞前置時(shí)，只能用，只能用 whom 指人指人, which 指物指物；但如果；但如果介詞后置介詞后置，則不受這種限制，則不受這種限制, 關(guān)系代詞還可以省略，特別是在口語(yǔ)中。關(guān)系代詞還可以省略，特別是在口語(yǔ)中。e.g. Do you know the boy to whom she was talking? Do you know the boy (that) she was talking to?Is this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better .下面兩句中的介詞能提前嗎下面兩句中的介詞能提前嗎?Tips: 如如 look for, look after, take care of 等。等。This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for. This is the watch for which I am looking.1. 先行詞為先行詞為不定代詞不定代詞everything, something, nothing, anything或或由由few, little, much，all, only, the very等修飾時(shí)，常用關(guān)系代等修飾時(shí)，常用關(guān)系代詞詞 that 來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。e.g. The only thing that matters is to find our way home.2. 先行詞前有先行詞前有修修 飾時(shí)，用飾時(shí)，用關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。e.g. The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan. 我們應(yīng)該做的第一件事是訂個(gè)計(jì)劃。我們應(yīng)該做的第一件事是訂個(gè)計(jì)劃。 3. 先行詞先行詞時(shí)時(shí), 用用that引導(dǎo)定引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。語(yǔ)從句。e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we saw then. 4. 當(dāng)先行詞前面當(dāng)先行詞前面時(shí)用時(shí)用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。e.g. Which is the dictionary that you want? Example: Einstein/is /Germany/the country/ was born inApplying the RuleRead the examples in the table and understand how to use relative pronouns in relative clauses . The country which Einstein was born in is Germany.1. the theory of relativity/the person/ developed/ Einstein/is The person who/ that developed the theory of relativity is Einstein. Einstein was the person who/ that developed the theory of relativity.2. maths and physics/the subject/Einstein/ studied/were The subjects that/ which Einstein studied were maths and physics. Maths and physics were the subjects that/ which Einstein studied.3. worked with/Einstein/greatly/the scientists/ admired him The scientists whom Einstein worked with admired him. The scientists that/ who worked with Einstein admired him greatly.4. The award/was/Einstein/the Nobel Prize/ received The award which/ that Einstein received was the Nobel Prize. Einstein received the award which/ that was the Nobel Prize.5. Einstein/the equation/was/E=mc2 /worked out The equation (which/ that) Einstein worked out was E=mc2. Einstein worked out the equation which/ that was E=mc2. E=mc2 was the equation( which/ that) Einstein worked out. Rewrite the following sentences by using relative clauses, paying attention to the blue parts. 1. David, a policeman, came to a cabin about two miles up the mountain to get Cal Richards, an armed and dangerous killer. David who is a policeman came to a cabin which is about two miles up the mountain to get Cal who is an armed and dangerous killer.2. Just then he caught sight of a violin hanging on the wall.3. The old man stood there, attracted.The old man who was attracted stood there.Just then he caught sight of a violin which was being hung on the wall.4. The old man sat, deep in thought.5. A bearded old man came up the street towards the police station.The old man who was deep in thought sat .The old man who was sitting was deep in thoughtAn old man who was wearing a beard came up the street toward the police station.1. (09全國(guó)全國(guó)1) She brought with her three friends, none of _I had ever met before.A. them B. who C. whom D. these2. (09全國(guó)全國(guó)2) My friend showed me round the town, _was very kind of him.A. which B. that C. where D. it3. (北京北京)-What do you think of teaching, Bob? -I find it fun and challenging . It is a job _ you are doing something serious but interesting.A. where B. which C. when D. that4. (09湖南湖南) I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city _name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.A. which B. of which C. that D. whose5. (09湖南湖南) Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which6. (09重慶重慶) Life is like a long race _we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.A. why B. what C. that D. where7. (09山東山東) Whenever I met her , _ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.A. who B. which C. when D. that8. (09福建福建)Its helpful to put children in a situation _they can see themselves differently.A. that B. when C. which D. where9. (09安徽安徽) Many children, _ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom10. (09天津天津) A person _ e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mails. A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever11. (09遼寧遼寧)Theyve won their last three matches, _I find a bit surprising actually.A. that B. when C. what D. which12 (09浙江浙江) I have reached a point in my life_ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. A. which B. where C. how D. why13. (09四川四川) Shell never forget her stay there _she found her son who had gone missing two years before.A. that B. which C. where D. when14. (09江西江西) The house I grew up _ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which that , which or who?1. He did all / everything _he could to help me.2. This is the very thing _ I am after.3. We talked about the men and the things _ we remembered at school.thatthatthat4. He is the only man _ can do the work.5. This is the first thing _ I want to say.6. He is the finest man _ I have ever worked with.thatthatthat7. Who is the man _ spoke to you at the gate.8. Which is the star _ is nearest to the earth.thatthatthat , which ,whose, whom or who? 9. Is there anything else _ you want to say?10. Any person _ has the money can join the group.11. He often speaks the role he played in the play, _ made others upset.thatthatwhich12. He opened the door, in front of _ sat a boy.13. The man to _ I spoke is a famous scientist.14. The boy _ mother is dead was brought up by his father.which whomwhose