時(shí)間狀語從句的引導(dǎo)詞時(shí)間狀語從句的引導(dǎo)詞 when , while, as , before, after, since, until, till, as soon as, once, hardlywhen, no soonerthan, whenever等等WHEN的用法小結(jié)的用法小結(jié) n2. 可用作并列連詞，其意義為可用作并列連詞，其意義為“這時(shí)這時(shí) ,突然突然”，相，相當(dāng)于當(dāng)于and then suddenly。常用于下列句式：。常用于下列句式：n be doing n be about to do sthn be on the point of doing + when 3. 還可以表示原因還可以表示原因“既然既然”，相當(dāng)于，相當(dāng)于since; considering that。如：。如： It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes . How can he get good grades when he wont study? 4. When 的省略句型: 當(dāng)when引導(dǎo)的從句與主句主語一致,且從句中包含be動(dòng)詞時(shí),可省略從句主語和be動(dòng)詞。 I have tried to keep this advice in mind when (I am) writing the book. He gave good practical advice when (he was) asked. When at Rome, do as the Romans do. When still a youth he witnessed the rising dissatisfaction of the masses. We will do that only when (it is) necessary.TILL, UNTIL和NOTUNTIL 1.until/till引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句用于肯定句時(shí)，主句的動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到until/till所表示的時(shí)間,意為“某動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到某時(shí)間點(diǎn)才停止”。如： We waited until he came. 直到他來,我才買了這本書。 2用于否定句時(shí)，主句謂語動(dòng)詞是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，從句為肯定，意為“某動(dòng)作直到某時(shí)間才開始”。如： I didnt buy this book until he came. 3till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如： Until you told me I had no idea of it. 4notuntil句型中的倒裝和強(qiáng)調(diào)說法： Not until he came did I buy this book. It was not until he came that I bought this book.BEFORE 一、含義 1 We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. 2 We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. 3Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. 才才就就不等不等就就 二Before從句中謂語不用否定式。如： Before they reached the station, the train had gone. 三1）句型It will be/was段時(shí)間before“還要過多久才” 如：It will be two years before he leaves the country. 2）句型It will be/was not一段時(shí)間before“不多久就” 如： It wasnt two years before he left the country.SINCE 1.since 表“自從”，所引從句使用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，主句使用完成時(shí)態(tài)。 Since he graduated from the college, he has worked in this city. 若since所引從句使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過去式，則表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的完成或結(jié)束。 Since he lived in Nanjing, I have not heard from him. Since he was a student, he has never come back.注意：下面一句的翻譯 Since I was a child , I have lived in London. Therefore, I know the city very well. 從我小時(shí)侯起，我就住在倫敦了。 2. 句型It is/has been段時(shí)間since時(shí)間的計(jì)算一律從since從句的 動(dòng)作完成或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時(shí)算起。如： It is/has been three years since she joined the army. It is/has been three years since she was in the army.BEFORE/WHEN/SINCE/THAT It was 8 pm. _ they got to the village. It was 8 hours _ they got to the village. Its a long time _ I met you last. It was at 8 pm. _ they got to the village.whenbeforesincethat小結(jié) 1一些詞，如the moment, the minute, the instant, 等也可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí) 間狀語從句，相當(dāng)于as soon as的意思。 He jumped off the couch the moment the telephone rang. 2. immediately, directly, instantly, 也可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語 They phoned me immediately they reached home. 3. hardlywhen, scarcelywhen, no soonerthan 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語，相當(dāng)于as soon as 的意思。如果hardly或no sooner或scarcely置于句首，句子必 須用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。主句使用過去完成時(shí)，從句使用一般過去時(shí)。 Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. 4.一些含有time的名詞短語，如every time, each time, next time, the first time等，以及the day, the year, the morning等，也可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句。 The day he returned home, his father was already dead. Next time you come, please bring your composition. 1. (04北京春) We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started. A. when B. while C. until D. before 2. (04年江蘇) _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless 3. (05福建) Did Jack come back early last night? Yes. It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home. A. before B. when C. thatD. untilAAB 4.(01北京春)Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? Yes. I gave it to her _ I saw her. A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once 5._ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report. A. He hardly had B. Had he hardly C. Hardly had heD. Hardly he had 6. A good storyteller must be able to hold listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story. A. when B. unless C. after D. untilBCD 7. (03年北京) He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. A. until B. when C. before D. as 8.(06天津) The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, _ the quality of life is probably one of the highest. A. since B. when C. as D. while 9. (1998上海) I thought her nice and honest _ I met her. A. first time B. for the first time C. the first time D. by the first time CDC 10.(05北京春) It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. because 11. (06遼寧) He was about halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears. A. why B. where C. when D. while 12. (06四川)Why didnt you tell him about the meeting? He rushed out of the room_I could say a word. A. before B. until C. when D. after BCA 13. (05上海) He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it. A. where B. when C. that D. until 14. - How long do you think it will be _ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon? - Perhaps two or three years. （06福建） A. when B. until C. thatD. before 15.Im going to the post office. youre there, can you get me some stamps?A. AsB. While C. Because D. If BDB 16. Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially _ Father was away in France. ( 94 ) A. as B. that C. during D. if 17. Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. ( 03上海 ) A. when takingB. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken 18. Several weeks had gone by _I realized the painting was missing. ( 04 ) A. as B. before C. since D. whenABB 19.That was really a splendid evening. It s years _ I enjoyed myself so much. ( 05 安徽 ) A. when B. that C. before D. since 20. How can you expect to learn anything _ you never listen? （ 06山東 ）A. in case B. even if C. unless D. whenDDHOMEWORK 1. Go over the key points. 2. Finish the exercises for the adverbial clause.WHILE1)I like tea while she likes coffee.2)While they are my neighbors, I dont know them well.3)While there is life, there is hope.然而然而 (對(duì)比對(duì)比)盡管盡管 (句首句首)只要只要as1)As you werent there I left a message. 2)Young as I am, I already know what career I want to follow. 3)Do as I say and sit down. 4)As a child, he was hopeless at maths.因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)?句首句首)盡管盡管(倒裝倒裝)以以.方式方式 當(dāng)當(dāng).的時(shí)候的時(shí)候(省略結(jié)構(gòu)省略結(jié)構(gòu),常保留名詞常保留名詞)