英 語第42講完形填空(一) 完形填空。(2014，湖州)When I was eight years old，my family moved from Edinburgh to London because Father started a new job there.It was hundreds of miles away from my grandmother，so we sometimes spent hours _1_ to Edinburgh to visit her when we missed her terribly.Granny never had much.She didnt have _2_ things，or live in a nice house，but I could feel with my _3_ that she loved us deeply，especially when my world was turned upside down _4_ my mother and father divorced(離婚) two years later.I still remember those little things.Granny allowed me to sit on top of her _5_ table，getting me to dip(蘸) my fingers in the sugar bowl or _6_ from her coffee cup.Granny had a fancy bottle high on a shelf.One day after her death，I received a box.To my surprise，I found the _7_ inside.She remembered once I had asked her for it.Granny _8_ her pennies in a glass jar.She could have used those pennies herself but she kept _9_ for my brother Tommie and me.And I was always excited to _10_ the pennies between my brother and me.“One for you，one for me.”I would repeat _11_ the jar was empty.I dont remember how much we got on our visits，but I know thats _12_ she loved us and cared about us when we were far away from her.So if I am _13_ enough to find a penny lying on the ground one day，I am sure it is just the one from Granny in heaven.Those childhood memories have never _14_ me.Instead，they still give me warm feelings through the years.A grannys _15_ stays with a grandchild as long as he needs it.You know，love is just like that.( C )1.A.hikingBrunningCdrivingDwalking( B )2.A.normal Bexpensive Ccheap Dold( B )3.A.life Bheart Cidea Dthought( A )4.A.because Bunless Cwhile Dbefore( D )5.A.bedroom Bgarden Cbathroom Dkitchen( D )6.A.fill Beat Cuse Ddrink( A )7.A.bottle Bbox Cbowl Dcup( C )8.A.used Bfound Csaved Dlost( A )9.A.them Bit Cher Dus( C )10.A.store Boffer Cdivide Dprovide( D )11.A.if Bas Calthough Duntil( B )12.A.what Bhow Cwhen Dwhere( C )13.A.patient Bsad Clucky Dbored( A )14.A.gone away from Bcome back to Ccome up with Dgot along with( B )15.A.interest Blove Csmile Dmind完形填空”題是一種旨在考查學(xué)生詞匯知識綜合運(yùn)用能力的典型題型。它結(jié)合了單項(xiàng)選擇題和短文填空的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，既考查詞語搭配、近義詞辨異、句型結(jié)構(gòu)、復(fù)合句的關(guān)聯(lián)和習(xí)慣用法等，又考查了邏輯推理和事理推斷能力。同學(xué)們只有具備了扎實(shí)的語言基本功、較好的閱讀能力及歸納判斷能力，才能適應(yīng)這一題型。(一)“完形填空”題要求填入的詞：1語法結(jié)構(gòu)所要求的功能詞。如：連接詞、連接代詞、連接副詞、關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞等。2具有語法變化的普通詞。如：動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣，名詞的數(shù)、代詞的格、形容詞和副詞的級等。3固定搭配短語或詞組中的特定詞。4同義詞、近義詞等易混淆詞。5根據(jù)上、下句意思及結(jié)構(gòu)必須填入的確定詞。(二)“完形填空”題解題策略：1解題前要通讀全文，領(lǐng)悟大意。完形填空常以文章或段落的形式出現(xiàn)，因此，要通讀全文，把握文章整體大意就尤為重要。2解題時(shí)要全面考慮定選項(xiàng)。完形填空有些答案的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)從詞匯搭配、語法和句子結(jié)構(gòu)等角度考慮均行得通，但由于文章是一個(gè)完整的統(tǒng)一體，詞、句、段三者存在著內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系，因此考生還要從上下文中尋找有關(guān)的信息，對文章的情節(jié)進(jìn)行邏輯推理，抓住含有關(guān)鍵信息的詞語，理順句子之間的關(guān)系，確定正確的答案。其具體做法有：(1)重視首句尋求信息完形填空本是一篇?dú)埲钡奈恼?，留下首句可以幫助考生了解文章的主題，可以了解短文的概貌與作者的意圖。要充分利用首句的標(biāo)示作用，利用它為解題找到一個(gè)突破口，從而展開思維?！纠?】 Mr. Smith was hanging some family pictures on the wall of his new house.While he was using a hammer(錘子) to knock hails(釘子) into the hard _ A _，some of them fell on the floor.(2014，臺(tái)州，26)Awall Bchair Cdoor Dfloor點(diǎn)撥：由首句“史密斯先生正把一些家庭照片掛在新房子的墻上”可知，他是用錘子把釘子砸進(jìn)堅(jiān)硬的墻里。1Many years ago，when I was a student，the radio studio manager at WXBN interviewed me and it changed my life.“How old are you？”he looked down at _A_(2014，天津，41)Ame Bher Cyou Dhim(2)明辨褒貶語境判斷是非幾乎每篇完形填空的語境都有一定的褒貶性，這種褒貶性反映了主人公的特定心理、情緒狀態(tài)和作者寫作意圖，因此利用好文章的語境褒貶性就能對文章進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確的邏輯判斷，從而在吃透文章并準(zhǔn)確傳遞文意的基礎(chǔ)上推斷出每一空的準(zhǔn)確信息，找出能反映語境褒貶性的標(biāo)志性詞語或句子，大膽預(yù)測下文?！纠?】 . I also _ D _ that some parents may feel unhappy if their kids study a subject at an easy level.(2014，重慶B，48)Ahope Breport Ccry Dworry點(diǎn)撥：由后面的“feel unhappy”和“an easy level”可知“我”是擔(dān)心發(fā)生這種情況。2If we are wise，having enough experience and knowledge，we regard these failures(失敗) as a necessary and _C_ part of learning.(2014，山西，31)Asimilar Bactive Cimportant(3)巧用平行結(jié)構(gòu)判斷邏輯平行結(jié)構(gòu)指的是結(jié)構(gòu)相同或相似、意思密切關(guān)聯(lián)、語氣一致的句子或短語組成串排列的語言現(xiàn)象。平行結(jié)構(gòu)形式上整齊勻稱，內(nèi)容上聯(lián)系緊密。命題者常從平行結(jié)構(gòu)的句式相同或相似這一角度，利用其意義的關(guān)聯(lián)和對比這一特點(diǎn)來設(shè)空。了解這一點(diǎn)可大大提高解題效率。【例3】 Is it the day when we were born or the day we B ？(2014，呼和浩特，27)Amiss Bdie Cgrow Dstart點(diǎn)撥：與“出生”相對應(yīng)的是“死”。3So instead of staying in the _B_ classroom，they go to different rooms to have their lessons.(2014，重慶B，41)Aclean Bsame Cbright Dempty(4)結(jié)合常識明辨真?zhèn)巍纠?】 On Thursday，Richard arrived at school with a big smile on his face.(2014，佛山，36)“Why are you so _ D _？”asked David.Aearly Bhappy Cunfriendly Dsad點(diǎn)撥：臉上有燦爛的笑容，所以大衛(wèi)問“為什么這么高興？”。4They thought the woman looked very _B_They went up to her and said，“Are you going to town？If you are，we will help carry your basket.”(2014，河北，47)Abored BtiredCpleased Dsurprised(一一)(2014，紹興紹興)A smiling face at the storeI need to get some things to clean the house this weekend，so I headed over to a local store.While walking around.I realized that I wasnt _1_ at anyone.That was out of character.I almost always smile at strangers with the _2_ that it might brighten their day a bit.But in that particular moment，I was thinking of what had _3_ me earlier in the day，not really in the mood(心情) to smile.When I went to check out my things，I met _4_ a very long time.People were buying Christmas gifts.To shorten the first line，a second register(收銀臺(tái)) opened up.I _5_ turned to it.After a few moments.I began to _6_ that all the people before me had lots of things to check out.I wasnt _7_ any longer，so I returned to the first line.After a short while，all the people in the second line checked out.I was _8_ standing in the first line.At last，it was my _9_ to check out.I found that the man behind the register seemed so _10_！He greeted me with a huge smile.“Its nice to _11_ see a smiling face in this store，”I commented.He replied，“I love to smile，_12_ you never know what people are going through.”At that moment，he made me think of _13_Something in me changed，and we began _14_ kindnessabout how it goes a long way.There was no one behind me，so we talked and laughed for a while.What a _15_ it is，to be cheered up by this kind young man！I suddenly had all the time in the world.( C )1.A.shouting BpointingCsmiling Dknocking( A )2.A.hope BplanCsuggestion Ddecision( B )3.A.pleased Btroubled Crelaxed Dtreated( D )4.A.for Bat Cin Dwith( B )5.A.slowly Bquickly Cactually Deasily( C )6.A.remember BsupposeCnotice Dimagine( A )7.A.patient Bnervous Cpolite Dsilent( D )8.A.just Bever Conce Dstill( A )9.A.turn Bdream Cduty Dcourage( C )10.A.serious Bcalm Chappy Dclever( D )11.A.especially BnaturallyCfirstly Dfinally( B )12.A.when Bbecause Cbut Dso( C )13.A.himself Byourself Cmyself Dherself( B )14.A.thinking about Btalking aboutCworrying about Dlearning about( A )15.A.gift Bpity Cchance Dsurprise(二)Why do some people change their names？There can be many _16_.Someone changed his name because he thought it would be _17_for people to remember.On the other hand，some people are thinking about changing their names to _18_ones because they want to be different.Film stars，singers，sportsmen and some _19_famous people often change their names because they want names that are not _20_，or that have special sound.They chose the“new names”for themselves_21_of the names their parents gave them when they were_22_.Some people have another reason_23_changing their names.They have _24_to a new country and want to use a name that is _25_there.For example，Li Kaiming changed his name to Ken Lee _26_he moved to the United States.He uses the name Ken at his job and at school._27_with his family and Chinese friends，he _28_Li Kaiming.For some people，using different names makes life easier in their new residence(住處)In many countries，a woman changes her _29_name to her husbands after she gets _30_.But today，many women are keeping their own family names and not using their husbands.Sometimes，women use their own names and in some situations they use their husbands.( A )16.A.reasons Bways Cthings Dquestions( A )17.A.easier Bfunnier Charder Dhappier( C )18.A.bad Bsame Cunusual Dcolorful( A )19.A.other Banother Cothers Dthe other( B )20.A.popular Bordinary Ceasy Dexpensive( D )21.A.never Bhardly Cbesides Dinstead( C )22.A.grown Byoung Cborn Dold( A )23.A.for Bfrom Cto Din( C )24.A.left Blistened Cmoved Ddepended( C )25.A.strange Bpoor Cusual Dgood( A )26.A.when Bwhich Cwhere Dhow( C )27.A.Because BSo CBut DAs( B )28.A.wants Buses Cspells Dremembers( D )29.A.full Bpen Cmiddle Dfamily( B )30.A.fat Bmarried Chungry Dlost(三)Robert had just moved into the neighborhood，and he had a strange feeling that he was not wanted.He thought maybe _31_ boys were trying to get idea of what he was like.But that didnt make him feel any less _32_He was new，and he had to be _33_Still，proving himself would not be all _34_ easy.He didnt want to make friends with bad boys or do anything _35_ the law to prove that he was _36_No！He must show what he was _37_ in a good way.Thats how he got his idea.The next day was Saturday.He _38_ that most of the boys would go down to the playground and choose sides for Saturdays _39_ game.Robert knew he was strong.Then the boys would want to be his friends.He _40_ early and did his step exercises.He shot(投擲) the ball several times and did some other exercises，some of _41_ were very difficult and looked cool.Then the boys came.Robert _42_ what he had done before the game and _43_ what he could do.No one said a _44_The boys just looked at each other and thought about it.When it was all over，the biggest one in the group _45_ and shook his hand.Robert knew he had made it.( D )31.A.another Bthe others Cothers Dthe other( A )32.A.lonely Bfriendly Chappy Duncertain( D )33.A.examined Bchecked Ccorrected Dtested( B )34.A.even Bthat Ctoo Dmuch( B )35.A.for Bagainst Con Dabout( C )36.A.weak Bfriendly Cstrong Dlovely( A )37.A.made of Bmade from Cmade up of Dmade into( D )38.A.decided Bconsidered Crealized Dknew( B )39.A.football Bbasketball Cvolleyball Dbaseball( A )40.A.arrived Bgot Creached Dappeared( D )41.A.that Bit Cthem Dwhich( B )42.A.looked through Bwent through Clived through Dgot through( A )43.A.showed Bacted Cplayed Dgave( B )44.A.letter Bword Cphrase Dsentence( C )45.A.cried Bleft Csmiled Dstayed