完形填空完形填空( (一一) ) 第三十八講 完形填空 。(2014，河北) Have you ever offered a helping hand to those who are in trouble? One day，two _1_ were walking along the road to school when they saw an old woman carrying a large basket of pears.They thought the woman looked very _2_They went up to her and said，“Are you going to town？If you are，we will help carry your basket.” “Thank you，”_3_ the woman，“You are very kind.You see Im weak and ill.”Then she told them that she was now going to market to _4_ the pears which grew on the only tree in her little garden. “We are all going to the _5_，”said the boys.“Let us have the basket.”And they took hold of it，one each side.They walked _6_ with the heavy basket，but happily.【名題實戰(zhàn)】 The other day，I saw a little girl stop and _7_ a piece of orange peel (皮)，which she threw into the dustbin (垃圾桶)，“I wish _8_ would throw that on the sidewalk，”said she.“Someone may step on it and fall.” Perhaps some may say that these are not _9_ things.That is right.But such a little thing shows that you have a thoughtful mind and a feeling heart.We must not wait for the _10_ to do great things.We must begin with little things of love.【名題實戰(zhàn)】 ( )1.A.boysBgirls Cmen Dwomen ( )2.A.bored BTiredCpleased Dsurprised ( )3.A.asked Btold Creplied Dspoke ( )4.A.bring Bbuy Ctake Dsell ( )5.A.town Bmarket Cgarden Dschool ( )6.A.weakly Bquickly Cslowly Dquietly ( )7.A.take out Bcut off Cput down Dpick up ( )8.A.nobody BEverybody Csomebody Danybody ( )9.A.little Bgood Cgreat Dbad ( )10.A.pay Btime Cadvice DloveABCDACDACB “完形填空”題是一種旨在考查學(xué)生語法和詞匯知識綜合運用能力的典型題型。它結(jié)合了單項選擇題和短文填空的優(yōu)點，既考查詞語搭配、近義詞辨異、動詞時態(tài)、句型結(jié)構(gòu)、復(fù)合句的關(guān)聯(lián)和習(xí)慣用法等，又考查了邏輯推理和事理推斷能力。同學(xué)們只有具備了扎實的語言基本功、較好的閱讀能力及歸納判斷能力，才能適應(yīng)這一題型。(一)“完形填空”題要求填入的詞：1語法結(jié)構(gòu)所要求的功能詞。如：連接詞，連接代詞，連接副詞，關(guān)系代詞，關(guān)系副詞等。2具有語法變化的普通詞。如：動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣，名詞的數(shù)，代詞的格，形容詞和副詞的等級等。3固定搭配短語或詞組中的特定詞。4同義詞、近義詞等易混淆詞。5根據(jù)上下文意思及結(jié)構(gòu)必須填入的確定詞。 (二)“完形填空”題解題策略：1解題前要通讀全文，領(lǐng)悟大意。完形填空常以文章或段落的形式出現(xiàn)，因此，通讀全文，把握文章整體大意尤為重要。很多同學(xué)為了省時間，只看選項，不看文章。不看上下文，不尋找文章中句子與句子的關(guān)系結(jié)果做出來的答案往往是錯誤的。 2解題時要全面考慮，確定選項。 完形填空有些答案的四個選項從詞匯搭配、語法和句子結(jié)構(gòu)等角度考慮均行得通，但由于文章是一個完整的統(tǒng)一體，詞、句、段三者存在著內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系，因此考生還要從上下文中尋找有關(guān)的信息，對文章的情節(jié)進行邏輯推理，抓住含有關(guān)鍵信息的詞語，理順句子之間的關(guān)系，確定正確的答案。其具體做法有： 重視首句尋求信息 完形填空本是一篇殘缺的文章，留下首句可以幫助考生了解文章的主題，可以了解短文的概貌與作者的意圖。要充分利用首句的標(biāo)示作用，利用它為解題找到一個突破口，從而展開思維?！纠?】 My stutter (口吃) had always been much of a problem.Id had so many specialists for my _ over the years.(2013，北京，35)Aspeech Bstudy Cdream Dfear解析：由首句“我的口吃已經(jīng)成為一個大問題”可知，作者在說話方式上很“獨特”。speech指“說話方式”。答案：_My mother only had one eye.And because of this，I never wished her to show up in my school，being afraid that my classmates would _1_ I had an ugly mother.(2014，十堰，41)( )1.A.run out Bput outCcome out Dfind outAD明辨褒貶語境，判斷是非幾乎每篇完形填空的語境都有一定的褒貶性，這種褒貶性反映了主人公的特定心理、情緒狀態(tài)和作者寫作意圖，因此利用好文章的語境褒貶性就能對文章進行準(zhǔn)確的邏輯判斷，從而在吃透文章并準(zhǔn)確理解文意的基礎(chǔ)上推斷出每一空的準(zhǔn)確信息，找出能反映語境褒貶性的標(biāo)志性詞語或句子，大膽預(yù)測下文?！纠?】 At last，his dream came true，and his parents were _ of him.(2013，長沙，40)Afamous Bstrict Cproud解析：由全文可知，父母看到兒子通過努力實現(xiàn)了自己的夢想，應(yīng)該感到自豪。答案：_I wanted to get a ride in somebody elses car，but it was dark and there was no car.It was also _ to take a taxi.(2013，湘潭)( )2.A.easy Bdifficult CearlyCB 巧用平行結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷邏輯 平行結(jié)構(gòu)指的是結(jié)構(gòu)相同或相似、意思密切關(guān)聯(lián)、語氣一致的句子或短語組成串排列的語言現(xiàn)象。平行結(jié)構(gòu)形式上整齊勻稱，內(nèi)容上聯(lián)系緊密。命題者常從平行結(jié)構(gòu)的句式相同或相似這一角度，利用其意義上的關(guān)聯(lián)和對比這一特點來設(shè)題。了解這一點可大大提高解題效率。 【例3】 Jim Smith was a poor boy.One day he was very cold and _.He came to a house and asked a young woman only for a glass of water.(2013，云南，41) Ahot Bhungry Ccool Dstrong 解析：由上文“he was very cold”可知，與cold相對的是“餓”。 答案：_ They found that the kids who watched violent cartoons fought with others and _3_ class rules more often.(2014，宜賓，47) ( )3.A.broke Bfollowed Cobeyed DmadeBA結(jié)合常識，明辨真?zhèn)巍纠?】 We cant force life to follow our wishes.The earth wont _ turning whether we accept it or not.(2013，山西，36)Astop Bkeep Cstart解析：無論我們是否接受，地球都不會停止轉(zhuǎn)動。 There are many _6_ of making pocket money by kids themselves.First of all，they learn the _7_ of money by working hard so that they will not waste any.Secondly，they learn to _8_ money to buy things they need or want，such as books，pencils，movies and even clothes they like.Thirdly，they learn to _9_ the daily life problems by helping their parents or others.Making pocket money is _10_ for children when they grow up.That is why parents encourage their kids to make pocket money. ( )1.A.Also BAnyway CHowever DBesides ( )2.A.ways BLevels Chomes Dcountries ( )3.A.teachers BFriends Cparents Dneighbours ( )4.A.get Bhave Ccatch Dreach ( )5.A.really Bhardly Cproperly Despecially ( )6.A.choices BAdvantages Cproblems Dlessons ( )7.A.fun Bvalue Cmessage Dpurpose ( )8.A.count Bwaste Cmanage Dchange ( )9.A.give up Blook up Cdeal with Dmeet with ( )10.A.helpful BCareful Cbeautiful DsuccessfulCACDDBBCCA (二)(2014，蘭州) “The grass looks greener on the other side of the fence.”Thats an old _11_ in English.It means other places often look better，more interesting than the place _12_ you live.Some people worry _13_ young Chinese are beginning to feel that way.They see young Chinese ignoring Chinese culture and，instead，_14_ Japanese cartoon books，watching Korean soap operas and even celebrating western holidays. Foreign books and soap operas are good，_15_ Chinese writers and actors are just as good.As for holidays，Christmas is nice，but it can _16_ have the meaning for Chinese that Spring Festival has，and the West has nothing to compare with Midautumn Festival.And lets not forget the part of Chinese culture I like best：_17_ friendliness.Not all countries are as _18_ as China. Its good to enjoy other cultures and to learn _19_ them，but they cannot replace your own culture.Its good to look on the other side of the fence，but _20_ you take a good long look.You will find that the grass isnt always greener on the other side of the fence. ( )11.A.saying Bwords Cvoice Dtalk ( )12.A.why Bwhen Cwhere DhowAC ( )13.A.if Bthat Cwhat Dwhether ( )14.A.buy Brefusing Crefused Dbuying ( )15.A.but Bso Cor Dbecause ( )16.A.always Bever Cstill Dnever ( )17.A.it Bthey Cits Dtheir ( )18.A.warmer Bwarm Ccold Dcolder ( )19.A.from Bwith Cto Dover ( )20.A.make up Bmake sure BDADCBAB (三)(2014，襄陽) As soon as he finished his homework，Eric jumped onto his bicycle and _21_ off in the direction of the beach.While he was riding along，he _22_ about the whales(鯨)He hoped he would see them again today.After he got to the beach，Eric put his bicycle _23_ a bush so that no one could see it from the road.Then he ran down onto the sand. Though it was only four in the afternoon，the sky was already getting _24_Eric frowned(皺眉)If it rained，he wouldnt be able to see the whales because they would stay in deeper water.He hurried along the beach to the rock.It was the best _25_ to see the whales from. Before Eric reached the rock，he _26_ a drop of water on his head.“Oh no！” he thought.“Now the whales will stay in the deep water and I wont be able to _27_ them！” But just then he saw a large shape on the beach.It was a young whale！The whale had come too close to the shore and got stuck (擱淺) on the beach！At first the whale didnt move at all and Eric thought it was _28_Then he saw its tail move weakly.Eric turned and ran in the rain as fast as he could back to his bicycle.He had to get _29_！If they didnt get the whale back in the water soon，it would die and Eric couldnt let that _30_ ( )21.A.walked Bfell Cgot Drode ( )22.A.talked Bthought Clearned Dasked ( )23.A.before Bover Con Dbehind ( )24.A.bright Bfar Cdark Dhigh ( )25.A.time Bseason Cweather Dplace ( )26.A.felt Bdrank Cput Dsaw ( )27.A.catch Bwatch Csave Dfeed ( )28.A.alive Blovely Cdead Dupset ( )29.A.water Bmedicine Chelp Dcare ( )30.A.happen Blive Cgo Dswim DBDCDABCCA (四)(2014，嘉興) One day，the students of Class 6 were reading in the classroom.Mrs Brown came in and told the whole class that they would have to change _31_ in March.The naughtiest class in the grade could not _32_ it.The pupils all disagreed with the decision，so they shouted when Mrs Brown said it was because a new pupil would be _33_ the class.The class was in disorder.“Why must we move to another classroom just because someone new is coming？” one of them asked _34_Mrs Brown waited patiently before the class without saying anything.The students saw it and they became quiet.Mrs Brown told them to be _35_ to their new classmate and then she left.The following week，the class understood _36_The principal himself brought the new student to their class._37_，Mr White pushed the new student to the class because the student was in a wheelchair.Mr White _38_ the new student as Jeff and asked them to be friendly to him.He said that Jeff now was a _39_ of the class and they should work together.He added，“A house divided(分開) against itself cannot stand.”_40_ could fully understand what Mr White meant at first.Over time，they began to understand what their principal meant.Jeff was a _41_ student and often lent a helping hand to students who did not understand _42_ work.They felt very thankful to him.They took turns to wheel him about _43_ they knew well that when someone did something for you，you _44_ do something back in return.Not only did their results _45_，but their behaviour became better.It was a special year Class 6 would never forget. ( )31.A.partner BLesson Cteacher Dclassroom ( )32.A.try Bcatch Cbelieve Dmanage ( )33.A.leading Bhelping Cvisiting Djoining ( )34.A.sadly Bangrily Cseriously Dcoldly ( )35.A.nice Buseful Chonest Dcareful ( )36.A.why Bwhere Cwhen Dhow ( )37.A.So far BAbove all CAs usual DIn fact ( )38.A.mistook BDescribed Cintroduced DrememberedDCDBAADC ( )39.A.hope Bmember Cmonitor Dsymbol ( )40.A.Nobody BSomebody CAnybody DEverybody ( )41.A.lucky Bstrict Cfunny Dbright ( )42.A.his Bher Ctheir Dour ( )43.A.if Bbecause Cuntil Dthough ( )44.A.should Bcould Cmight Dwould ( )45.A.appear Bdevelop Cimprove DcontinueBADCBAC