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1、牛津版牛津版八年級八年級 (8A)Unit 3Grammar B & C動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式 Grammar BGrammar B動(dòng)詞不定式的用法動(dòng)詞不定式的用法 動(dòng)詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和動(dòng)詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征。因此在句中可以做主副詞的特征。因此在句中可以做主語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語和狀語語和狀語, 但不可以作謂語。但不可以作謂語。動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語 后面能接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有很多,后面能接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有很多,如如agree, ask, choose, decide, forget, hope, learn, wa
2、nt, wish, would like等。等。 e.g. We hope to get there before dark. 我們希望天黑以前到那兒。我們希望天黑以前到那兒。 The girl decided to do it herself. 那個(gè)姑娘決定自己做那件事。那個(gè)姑娘決定自己做那件事。動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的注意事項(xiàng)動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的注意事項(xiàng)1. 有些動(dòng)詞既可跟不定式作賓語有些動(dòng)詞既可跟不定式作賓語, 也可跟動(dòng)也可跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語,但含義不同:名詞作賓語,但含義不同: remember to do sth. 記住要做某事;記住要做某事; remember doing sth.記得曾經(jīng)做過
3、某事記得曾經(jīng)做過某事 forget to do sth. 忘記要做某事忘記要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘記曾經(jīng)做過某事忘記曾經(jīng)做過某事stop to do sth. 停下來去做某事停下來去做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事停止做某事go on to do sth. 繼續(xù)做另一件事繼續(xù)做另一件事 go on doing sth. 繼續(xù)做原來在做的事繼續(xù)做原來在做的事I remember seeing you somewhere before. 我記得以前在哪兒見過你。我記得以前在哪兒見過你。Please remember to turn off the ligh
4、t when you leave. 離開時(shí)請記得關(guān)燈。離開時(shí)請記得關(guān)燈。2. 不定式作賓語時(shí),如帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語不定式作賓語時(shí),如帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語,則要把不定式放到后面,用則要把不定式放到后面,用it作形式賓作形式賓語,構(gòu)成語,構(gòu)成“主語主語+動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+it+賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)(形容詞、形容詞、名詞名詞)+不定式不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如:結(jié)構(gòu)。如: He found it very difficult to get to sleep. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)入睡很難。他發(fā)現(xiàn)入睡很難。動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語 1. 后面能接不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞后面能接不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有:有:ask, order, t
5、each, tell, want, wish, help等。如:等。如: I want both of you to go. 我要你們倆去。我要你們倆去。 We helped her (to) repair her bike. 我我們幫助她修理自行車。們幫助她修理自行車。 2. 使役動(dòng)詞使役動(dòng)詞let, have, make及感官動(dòng)詞及感官動(dòng)詞 see, watch, notice, hear, feel等用不帶等用不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。如:的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。如: Lets have a rest. 我們休息一會吧。我們休息一會吧。 I saw him come in. 我看見他進(jìn)來了。我看見
6、他進(jìn)來了。 感官動(dòng)詞后既可跟不帶感官動(dòng)詞后既可跟不帶to的不定的不定式作賓補(bǔ)式作賓補(bǔ),也可跟也可跟v.-ing作賓補(bǔ),前者作賓補(bǔ),前者表示動(dòng)作的全部過程已結(jié)束;后者表表示動(dòng)作的全部過程已結(jié)束;后者表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。如:示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。如:I saw him come downstairs. 我看見他下了樓。我看見他下了樓。(說明他下樓了這件事說明他下樓了這件事)I saw him coming downstairs. 我看見他在下樓。我看見他在下樓。(說明他下樓時(shí)的情景說明他下樓時(shí)的情景)動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式 動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式是在動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式是在to前加前加not;
7、不不帶帶to的不定式則在動(dòng)詞前加的不定式則在動(dòng)詞前加not。如。如: Zhang Ming asked me not to stay at home all day. 張明要我不要整天呆在家里。張明要我不要整天呆在家里。 My mother let me not do it by myself. 媽媽讓我不要獨(dú)自做這件事。媽媽讓我不要獨(dú)自做這件事。GRAMMAR CGRAMMAR CREFLEXIVE REFLEXIVE PRONOUNSPRONOUNS 人稱代詞分為主格、賓格、形容人稱代詞分為主格、賓格、形容詞物主代詞、名詞性物主代詞以及詞物主代詞、名詞性物主代詞以及反身代詞。反身代詞也叫自
8、身代詞。反身代詞。反身代詞也叫自身代詞。要想掌握反身代詞其實(shí)并不難。下要想掌握反身代詞其實(shí)并不難。下面將反身代詞的構(gòu)成和用法介紹給面將反身代詞的構(gòu)成和用法介紹給大家:大家: 人稱代詞人稱代詞主主格格Iyouhesheitweyouthey賓賓格格meyouhimheritusyou them物主代詞物主代詞形容形容詞性詞性物主物主代詞代詞myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞名詞性性物主物主代詞代詞mine yourshishersitsours yours theirs反身代詞反身代詞單單數(shù)數(shù)myselfyourselfhimself herself itself復(fù)復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)
9、ourselves yourselves themselves反身代詞的用法反身代詞的用法 1. 反身代詞不能作主語反身代詞不能作主語, 但是它可但是它可以作主語的同位語,放在主語后以作主語的同位語,放在主語后或句末。如:或句末。如: 我親自去了電影院。我親自去了電影院。 誤:誤:Myself went to the cinema. 正:正:I went to the cinema myself. 2. 反身代詞可以作賓語的同位語。如:反身代詞可以作賓語的同位語。如: I wish I could hear Beethoven himself play this music. 3. 反身代詞可
10、以作介詞的賓語。如:反身代詞可以作介詞的賓語。如: I mended the bike by myself. She said to herself: “whats wrong with my eyes?”4. 反身代詞作動(dòng)詞的賓語。一般放在反身代詞作動(dòng)詞的賓語。一般放在這些動(dòng)詞后面:這些動(dòng)詞后面: enjoy, help, hurt, teach, wash, look after, get, dressed, buy等。如等。如: Did you enjoy yourselves at the weekend? He teaches himself English at home. “He
11、lp yourselves to some fish.”5. 反身代詞可以作表語。如反身代詞可以作表語。如: I am not quite myself today. He doesnt seem himself this morning. 1. My bike is broken. May I use _ (you)?2. I taught _ (I) Russian for three years.3. Help _ (you) to some fish, children. yoursmyselfyourselves4. She fell off the bike and hurt _ (she).5. We enjoyed _ (we) just now.herselfourselvesHomeworkHomework1. Remember the use of to infinitives.2. Prepare for the next lesson.