人教版英語 詞匯運用 第四十二講 一、根據(jù)句意及漢語提示完成單詞。(2014，南充) 1They have made a _(決定) to build a big factory here. 2If you want to become a good Marathon athlete，you must practice _(跑步) every day. 3What do you think of the fish? Oh，it _(嘗起來) good. 4Mom，Im _(饑餓的) now. 5Mary is sitting _(安靜地) in the corner.decisionrunningtasteshungryquietly 二、根據(jù)句意及首字母提示完成單詞。(2014，黃石) 6Tom was late for class yesterday.When he come into the class，all of us were _the question. 7The Changjiang River is the third longest river in the world.So far many _have been built over it. 8Though Jack and Mike are twin brothers，they behave and speak quite _ 9The film was so _that I felt sleepy when I saw it yesterday evening. 10Many companies use email in their offices，so it is easy for people to _with one another.discussingbridgesdifferentlyboringcommunicate三、根據(jù)句意，選擇方框中單詞或短語并用其適當形式填空。(2014，河北)11Linda is the big _of the car race.12Art is my _class in the timetable today.13We should always speak _to our parents.14Jim _the TV and watched the football game.15Mr.Zhang owns a teahouse.It _tea in special bowls.winnerfifthpolitelyturned_onserves 四、用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空，使短文通順、正確、連續(xù)，每個單詞限用一次。(2014，蘭州) when，I，happy，a(n)，leave，useless，for，minute，how，shout One day，all feelings were on vacation on an island，and each was having _16_ good time.Suddenly，theres a warning of a strong storm，so all rushed to their boats.Yet，Love didnt wish to run away quickly.But as the clouds darkened，Love realized it was time _17_But there were no boats to use.Love looked around with hope. Just then Richness was passing by.Love asked，“Richness，can you take me with you？”Richness answered，“No，I cant.Theres a lot of gold in my boat.Theres no place here _18_ you.”Sorrow passed by after a while.Again，Love asked for help.But it was _19_“No，I cant take you with me.I am so sad.I want to be by _20_”When Happiness passed by a few _21_ later，Love again asked for help.But Happiness was so happy that it couldnt care about anyone else.Love was growing hopeless.Just then somebody _22_“Come，Love，I will take you with me.”Love didnt know who was so kind，but jumped onto the boat _23_After getting off the boat，Love met Knowledge.Love asked，“Knowledge，do you know who was so kind to give me a lift _24_ no one else wished to help？” Knowledge smiled，“That was Time.”“Time？”asked Love.“But why did Time help me？”Knowledge smiled and answered，“Because only Time is able to understand _25_ valuable Love is.”16a17.to_leave18.for19.useless20.myself 21minutes22.shouted23.happily24.when 25how 詞匯運用類題目的考點主要是考查學生對單詞的拼寫能力、詞形變化和語法知識運用能力以及詞組辨析能力等。試題通常以語篇或句子的形式出現(xiàn)，測試內(nèi)容以實詞為主，虛詞很少。測試題型為單詞拼寫、選詞填空、根據(jù)首字母填空等。 1選詞填空解題應(yīng)注意事項： 先對備選的詞匯的詞性作簡單標記，如：名詞n.，動詞v.，形容詞a.，副詞ad.等。同時對詞義作初步的理解。根據(jù)題意或通讀全文，猜測空格中所缺的信息，注意發(fā)現(xiàn)固定搭配關(guān)系，根據(jù)需要去備選詞匯中尋找匹配的答案。在填詞過程中要注意詞形的變化。既要符合本句的含義，又要保證句式結(jié)構(gòu)的正確。為了方便記憶，試著記住下面的順口溜：空前空后要注意，“名詞”單復數(shù)要牢記，還有“s”不能棄，“動詞”注意要變形，“形副”注意要用三種級，要填“數(shù)詞”請留意，千萬別忘“基”和“序”，填人“代詞”需慎重，五格變化要謹記。完成填詞后，應(yīng)通讀全文，復核校對。檢查單詞拼寫是否正確，是否有時態(tài)、語態(tài)、慣用法及詞語選用上的錯誤，以確保答案的正確性。最后把答案填入答卷時，切勿錯位?！纠?】 閱讀短文，用所給詞的適當形式填空，使短文意思完整，通順。每空一詞。(2013，玉林)know，lucky，proud，problem，good，decide，he，work，child，interestMartin Murray is a school boy and he is fifteen years old.He used to be a “problem child”He used to give his mother many _1_However，after his fathers death，Martins life became much more difficult.His mother couldnt afford to pay for her _2_ education.She had to work，and so was often not at home. His mother tried her best to look after him.Unfortunately，Martin still caused trouble.He was not _3_in studying and he often got into trouble with the police. _4_，his mother was very patient and didnt give up trying to help him.In the end，she made a difficult _5_： to send him to a boys boarding school.Martin hated it and caused a lot of trouble.One day，he told his teacher he wanted to leave the school.Even the teacher agreed that Martin was wasting his time. The head teacher said it was necessary for Martin to talk with his mother.Martin called his mother，but to his surprise，this conversation changed his life.“It was exactly what I needed，” he said.“I _6_ how much my mother had given me.She also told me that even though my father was not with us，he was watching me and would always take _7_ in everything good I do.Thats when I decided to change.”Now Martin has really changed.He _8_ hard and gets “As” in all subjects.He is now one of the _9_ students in his class.His mother helps him to feel good about _10_，and as he says，“Its very important for parents to be there for their children.”解析：1.句意“他過去常常給他媽媽帶來許多麻煩”，故應(yīng)用problem，注意應(yīng)使用其復數(shù)形式。 2句意“她付不起她孩子的上學費用”，“孩子的”應(yīng)使用名詞所有格形式。3考查固定短語be interested in。4句意“很幸運地，她的母親對他很有耐心，并沒有放棄他”，“幸運地”應(yīng)用luckily，注意首字母要大寫。5考查固定短語make a decision。6句意“我知道我媽媽為我付出很多”，故應(yīng)用動詞know，注意時態(tài)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。 7考查固定短語take pride in。 8句意“他努力學習，并在各科中得到了A”，故應(yīng)用動詞work，注意and前后并列動詞短語的時態(tài)要保持一致，都應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時的單三形式。 9句意“他是班級中最好的學生之一”，“最好的”應(yīng)用形容詞的最高級。 10“感到自信”feel good about oneself，這時代詞應(yīng)用反身代詞。答案：1.problems2.childs3.interested 4Luckily5.decision6.know7.pride8.works 9best10.himself 用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空，使短文通順、正確、連貫(每個單詞限用一次)。(2014，杭州) on，first，give，change，it，letter，while，because，cheap，fast The British love sending text messages.They send more than 2.5 billion every month.And most people now understand the language of text，with its numbers and missing _1_In fact，when a student at a Scottish school wrote the whole article “in txt”，his teacher _2_ him “C4 f4t ” (“C for effort ”) Although texting (發(fā)短信) is a _3_ way of staying in touch with your friends，it can also bring problems.In 2005，a British teenager became the _4_ person in the world to receive treatment for an addiction (沉溺) to text messaging.In one year，the nineteenyearold spent about 4，500 _5_ texts. For some people，text messaging has _6_ their lives.For example，James Trusler from Sussex in England travels around the world taking part in texting competitions and TV shows.Hes the worlds _7_ texter and recently set a new world record _8_ he was appearing on Australian TV.He texted：“The razortoothed piranhas of the genera Serraslmus and Pygocentrus are the most ferocious freshwater fish in the world.In reality they seldom attack a human.”_9_ took him 67 seconds.James sends a lot of text messagesabout 2，500 a month.But he doesnt get big bills _10_ he works for a large mobile phone company! 2單詞拼寫解題應(yīng)注意的事項： 要根據(jù)上下文之意，熟練運用所學詞匯。 要理解全句，填準詞，因為有時英漢并非一一對應(yīng)。 要分析所填單詞充當?shù)木渥映煞?，判斷所填單詞的詞性。 要注意英漢語言之間的區(qū)別。對于有多個相同意思的單詞，要選擇最符合英語習慣的那個。 要規(guī)范、工整地拼寫出單詞，不要因書寫而丟分。1letters2.gave3.cheap4.first5.on6changed7.fastest8.while9.It10.because 【例2】根據(jù)下面短文內(nèi)容，在短文的空格處填上一個恰當?shù)脑~，使短文完整、通順。(2013，重慶) Peter，was the best table tennis player in his school and hardly ever lost a match.He hated losing anything When he _1_，he would feel really good.If he lost，he would feel terrible.It seemed to Peter that losing was the _2_ thing in the world. A new kid，Albert，came to Peters school.He was good at table tennis，too.Soon there would be a match _3_ Peter and Albert.Peter worked hard to get ready for the match，but Albert didnt seem to think _4_ of it.When the match began，Albert was a real player.There was always a _5_ on his face.while Peter looked serious all the time.Peter thought it was so important to win the match that he even wanted to cheat(舞弊)，but he lost in the end. “You played very well，Peter.I think we can play again sometime，”said Albert. But Peter didnt _6_ happy and couldnt fall asleep that night. One day，Peter saw Albert playing basketball. _7_ he lost again and again，the happy smile never left his face.Peter found Albert was great at table tennis，but bad at basketball.However，he enjoyed _8_ of them. Whether he won or lost the game，Albert enjoyed it.Peter came to realize that enjoying a game was much more important than winning or losing it，He felt happier than ever before. 解析：1.由后句可知前句句意為“當他贏的時候，他感覺真好?！?2句意“在彼得看來失敗似乎是世界上最糟糕的事情”。 3考查固定搭配between.and.，意為“在和之間”。 4考查固定詞組think much of，意為“尊重，重視”。 5句意“在他的臉上總是有笑容”。 6feel后接形容詞作表語，意為“感覺”。 7though引導讓步狀語從句。句意“盡管他再三失敗，但幸福的微笑從來沒有離開他的臉”。 8艾伯特既喜歡乒乓球，又喜歡籃球。故應(yīng)用both表示“兩者都”。答案：1.won2.worst3.between4.much5.smile 6feel7.Though/Although8.both 閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，在短文空白處填入一個恰當?shù)脑~，使短文內(nèi)容完整、通順。(2014，襄陽) When I was young，my family lived a hard life in the country.As you can 11.i_，many country roads are difficult to walk on.One evening we were visiting some relatives and the weather was very bad.It began to rain on our way back home.Dad 12.c_ me on his back.Mom gave her coat to my brother.We walked 13.t_ in the rain for more than an hour. I was fat at that time and Dad must be tired to 14.h_ me for such a long time.He almost fell down many times.I tried to get down and walk myself，but I 15.a_ nothing since I was just a little kid. When we arrived home，the inside of our house was 16.c_ with rain water.The rain had come 17.t_ the leaky (有裂縫的) roof and water was everywhere.Mom put bowls all around the house to try to 18.c_ the rain.Then she put me and my elder brother to bed，19.c_ placing us on the remaining dry place.I fell asleep soon.When I opened my eyes，I found Dad and Mom were sleeping in chairs，both having caught a 20.s_ cold. It happened more than twenty years ago.And now I am a mother，too.I can remember neither the 21.b_ nor the end，but whenever I think of it，tears run down my face from my eyes because I fully understand what the parents love means. 11imagine12.carried13.together14.hold 15achieved16.covered17.through 18catch/collect19.carefully20.serious 21Beginning一、根據(jù)句意及所給中文提示，寫出空缺處各單詞的正確形式，每空只寫一詞。 1Women teachers are usually more careful and more _(有耐心的) with the pupils.(2014，黃岡) 2My grandpa wants to have his two bad _(牙齒) pulled out. 3Ive _(借) the book from the school library for two weeks. 4The story is about the _(友誼) between a dog and a fox. 5His books have _(影響) millions of people in his country. patientteethkeptfriendshipinfluenced 二、根據(jù)句意在下列各句的空格內(nèi)填上一個適當?shù)耐暾膯卧~，該詞的首字母已給出。 6Dont _to turn off the lights when you leave the classroom.(2014，廣州) 7Every year many people get hurt or die in _accidents.(2014，畢節(jié)) 8You can look up the word in the _if you dont know it. 9Last year we _a lot of trees around our school.And now they grow well. 10Dont worry about me，mom.I can take care of _ forgettrafficdictionaryplantedmyself三、用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空，每詞限用一次。11When I _，it was early morning and it was raining.12Dongting Lake is the second _fresh water lake in China.13Hobbies can make you _as a person.14The school is very big and there are about two _students in it.15Lao She was one of the greatest Chinese _of the 20th century.arrivedlargestgrowthousandwriters 四、根據(jù)句意，用括號中所給單詞的適當形式填空。 16The ground is covered with fallen _(leaf) in autumn. 17Mr.Way with his daughter _(be) having breakfast when someone knocked at the door. 18Joan was happy because she was given some _(use) gifts last week. 19Our teacher has given us some advice that is well worth _(consider) 20The players prepared so well that they realized their dream _(success)leaveswasusefulconsideringsuccessfully 五、用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空，使短文通順、正確、連貫(每個單詞限用一次)。(2014，陜西) look，year，change，deep，home，cold，can，work，take， father Every day，on her way to work，Amelia had to pass a slum (貧民窟)As a social _21_，she had not paid much attention to it.This _22_ one day when she met a ragged (衣衫襤褸的) boy named Sam.Sam knew she was the head of social services，and that she _23_ help.He reached out his hand and said，“Can you help me? Im _24_ for my dad.” His hands were so _25_Amelia said，“Whats up？” “My mom is terribly sick.Her birthday is coming.I know my _26_ coming back would be the best present.My dad had left us before I was two _27_ old，” said the boy. Amelia was _28_ moved and asked Sam to take her to his home.He led her to a small house.Amelia saw a woman lying on the bed.The woman knew she was dying.She said to Amelia，“Please find a _29_ for my son.” Amelia _30_ her hand and nodded with tears (眼淚)She got an idea! Her husband and she had no children，and looking forward to having one.Later Amelia brought Sam home.Ever since then，the new family have had happiness and laughter.21worker22.changed23.could24.looking25cold26.fathers27.years28.deeply29home30.took 六、閱讀短文，用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空，使短文通順、正確、連貫。(2014，河南) usual，mistake，rest，hundred，what，make，although， under，they，think，fly，how Every morning，kids from a high school are working hard.They are _31_ and selling special coffee at a coffee shop.They are also making a lot of money. These students can make up to nine _32_ dollars a day.They are selling their special coffee to airplane passengers.After the students get paid，the _33_ of the money goes to a local youth project. These high school students use a space in the Oakland airport.It is _34_ very crowded (擁擠的)Many people who _35_ on the planes like to drink the special coffee. One customer (顧客) _36_ that the coffee costs a lot but it is good and worth it.Most customers are pleasant but some are unhappy._37_ do not like it if the coffee cafe is not open for business. The students earn $6.10 an hour.They also get school credit (學分) while they learn _38_ to run a business.Many of the students enjoy the work _39_ it took some time to learn how to do it. They have to learn how to heat milk，load the pots，and add flavor.It takes some skill and sometimes _40_ are made.The most common mistake is forgetting to add the coffee.31making32.hundred33.rest34.usually35fly36.thinks37.They38.how39.although40mistakes 七、閱讀短文，在相應(yīng)的空白處寫出各單詞的正確形式。單詞的第一個字母已給出。(2014，武漢) Maria Vas and her dog walked down the hall of the nursing home and stopped in front of the old lady with a nurse at her side.“Would she like to 41.s_ my dog？” Maria asked. “No，a visit wont 42.h_ her，”said the nurse.Then she 43.e_ that the lady was too sick to appreciate visitors. But Maria decided to try anyway.She had done research on animal assisting therapy(輔助療法) for 10 years.And she was very successful in this 44.a_Shed seen even the sickest patients enjoy a visit from a lovely dog. Maria carried the dog over to the old lady.Immediately，the woman 45.r_ out toward the dog！She was so 46.p_ that she began smiling and trying to talk.The nurse stood aside，47.w_ them in amazement.This woman had never communicated with anyone.It was like she wasnt even 48.a_until the dog came to visit. Around the world sick adults and 49.c_ fill lonely hospital rooms.They may have an illness or need to be 50.c_ for.A dogs friendly eyes and warm paws(爪子) may be just what the doctor ordered to encourage them and help them heal(治愈)41see42.help43.explained44.area45.reached46pleased47.watching48.alive49.children50cared八、閱讀短文，根據(jù)中文、首字母、音標或語境的提示，在每個空格內(nèi)填入一個適當?shù)膯卧~。(2014，福州) China is a country with many colorful days and festivals.The Dragon Head Raising Day is one of them.This special day is on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar.It 51.s_ for the start of spring and farming. The dragon is 52._ Imp(r)tnt in Chinese.We Chinese people call 53._ (我們自己) the “descendants (傳人) of the dragon”So people 54._ selibreIt the Dragon Head Raising Day with many customs about dragons.On the day in 55.a_ times，people put ashes in the kitchen.This was to “l(fā)ead the dragon into the house”People believed that with the 56._ of the dragon，they could have a good 57._ (收獲) in autumn. Also，people eat special foods on that day.The foods are usually named 58.a_ dragons.For example，people eat “dragon whisker” noodles and dumplings called “dragon teeth” Today，many customs have disappeared.But one that has 59._ (遺留) is the cutting of hair.It was said that a haircut during the first lunar month may bring bad luck to the 60._ of a familymothers brothers.So many people have their hair cut on the Dragon Head Raising Day.51stands52.important53.ourselves54.celebrate55ancient56.help57.harvest58.after59remained60.uncles九、閱讀短文，在空缺處填入所缺單詞。(2014，廣東) I am Jackie Lee，an American Chinese.Let me tell you about my grandfathers life story. My grandfather was _61_ in 1932 and grew up in a poor village in Fujian，China.At the age of 14，he first heard of America.It was said to be the land of gold and poor people could easily become _62_ there. So，my grandfather came to America.“I had thought it was easy to _63_ money in America，” he told me.“But when I _64_ in Los Angeles，I realized it was not true.I couldnt find a good job because I spoke little English.I wanted to go to a language school to learn English，_65_ I couldnt afford it.Later，I worked in a small _66_，serving the guests，cleaning up the tables，washing the dishes and sweeping the floors.I was such _67_ helpful and honest worker that my boss was pleased with me.I was popular with my workmates，_68_Life became easier and in the end I entered an evening school to learn English.” My grandfather kept working hard，and finally made _69_ dream come true.Things do not come easily in life.That is what I have learned _70_ my grandfather.61born62.rich63.make64.arrived65.but66restaurant67.a68.too69.his70.from