動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài) 第二十八講 1The pet dog is warm and loving.It _ as a daughter of my family.(2014，河北) Atreats Btreated Cis treated Dwas treated 2We are sure that the environment in our city _ greatly through our work in the near future.(2014，南京) Aimproved Bwas improved Chas improved Dwill be improved【名題實(shí)戰(zhàn)】CD 3To my great surprise，the famous athletes story _ differently in the newspapers.(2014，杭州) Awas reported Breported Cwas reporting Dreports 4I want to borrow the book，but I dont know how long it may _ For two weeks.(2013，十堰) Akeep Bbe borrowed Cborrow Dbe keptAD 5The DongyingHainan airline _ for about 5 months.I have taken the flights three times.(2013，東營(yíng)) Ais open Bhas opened Chas been open Dhas been openedC 中考對(duì)動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)的考查主要是不同時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。若主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的接受者為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。注：動(dòng)詞中，只有及物動(dòng)詞有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?！究键c(diǎn)梳理】高頻考向一常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/is/aredone.如：It is made in China 它是中國(guó)制造的。一般過(guò)去時(shí)：was/weredone.如：The bridge was built in 1980.這座橋建于1980年。一般將來(lái)時(shí)：willbedone.如：She will be trained by her father.她將受訓(xùn)于她爸爸。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞bedone.如：Work must be done in two days.工作必須在兩天之內(nèi)完成?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have/hasbeendone.如：The room has been cleaned.房間已經(jīng)被打掃干凈了。【例1】 At present，one of the best ways to study is working in groups.More chances _ to students to learn from each other.Aoffer Bare offeredChave offered Dare offering解析：“機(jī)會(huì)”和“提供”之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答案：_B【例2】 The Chinese writer has got lots of fans in France.His new book _ into French as soon as it came out.Awas translated BtranslatedCis translated Dtranslates解析：“他的新書”作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；且從句的動(dòng)作與主句的動(dòng)作幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，從句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句也應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。答案：_A 【例3】 In the past few years，thousands of films _ all over the world. Ahave produced Bhave been produced Care producing Dare being produced 解析：由“in the past few years在過(guò)去的幾年里”可知要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)?！癴ilms”作主語(yǔ)，須用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 答案：_ B 高頻考向二語(yǔ)態(tài)用法的難點(diǎn) 某些動(dòng)詞形式是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但含有被動(dòng)的意思。如： This dictionary sells well.這種字典很好銷售。 The woolen sweater costs $88.這件羊毛衫賣88美元。 The car needs repairing.That car needs to be repaired.那輛車需要修理。 The soup tastes delicious.這湯嘗起來(lái)味道很好。 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中有些動(dòng)詞，如：make，see，listen，watch，feel后常跟不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)要帶上to。如：He made the boy work for him.The boy was made to work for him.這男孩被迫為他工作。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)短語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后面的介詞或副詞不能省略。如：The baby was looked after by her sister.這嬰兒由她姐姐照顧。His plan was laughed at by everyone.他的計(jì)劃遭到每個(gè)人的嘲笑。 形容詞cheap，comfortable，dangerous，important，interesting，nice等接不定式做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。如：A bicycle is cheap to run.使用自行車是很經(jīng)濟(jì)的。This question is difficult to answer.這個(gè)問(wèn)題很難回答。形容詞worth后接動(dòng)名詞時(shí)，該動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。如：The book is worth reading.這本書值得一讀。 【例4】 The books _ well. Asell Bsells Cis sold Dare selling 解析：本句中主語(yǔ)the books是復(fù)數(shù)，sell well意為“暢銷”。句意為“這些書很暢銷”。 答案：_A 【例5】 This pair of shoes _hand，and it _ very comfortable. Ais made with；is felt Bare made from；is felt Care made of；feels Dis made by；feels 解析：“這雙鞋是由手工制成的，它感覺(jué)起來(lái)很舒服。”主語(yǔ)this pair of shoes是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的承受者，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，且主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，用is made by；feel為連系動(dòng)詞，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 答案：_D 【例6】 If you see the cartoon film，you will _ laugh. Abe made Bbe made to Cmade to Dmake 解析：“如果你看到這部動(dòng)畫電影，你將會(huì)被逗笑”可以判斷用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞make在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，后面跟不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)，而變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)to必須加上。 答案：_B 一、單項(xiàng)選擇。 1He is very surprised that all the houses in the village _ white.(2014，廣州) Apaint Bpainted Care painting Dare paintedD 2Hurry up！Once the concert starts，nobody _ to enter the concert hall.(2014，泰安) Aallows Ballowed Cis allowed Dis allowingC 3Three bridges _ over the river five years ago.(2014，臨沂) Abuilt Bbuild Cwere built Dare builtC 4Tom！I looked for you everywhere at the party last night. Oh，I _ to the party.(2014，威海) Aam invited Bwas invited Cam not invited Dwasnt invitedD 5People in Lanzhou are glad that a modern subway _ in several years.(2014，蘭州) Awill complete Bwill be completed Chas completed Dis completed 6I want to know if an English singing competition _ next month.(2014，白銀) Awill hold Bwill be held Cholds Dis heldBB 7Jack，your room is dirty.It should _ right away. Sorry，Ill do it right now.(2014，龍東) Abe cleaned Bbe cleaning CcleanedA 8Shenzhou ，Chinas fifth manned spacecraft，_ into space on June 11，2013.(2014，鹽城) Ahas sent Bwas sent Cwill send Dis sentB 9“Frog”，Mo Yans latest novel，please! Sorry，it_ just now，but it will come out again soon.(2013，泰州) Asold out Bis sold out Chas sold out Dwas sold outD 10How often do I need to feed the dog? It _ food every day，or it will be hungry.(2013，黃岡) Amust give Bmust be give Cmust be given Dmust be gaveC