Unit 2Unit 2Growing pains Growing pains Module15、complain vi. 抱怨，埋怨；申訴，控訴，控告 complain to sb. about / of sth. 向某人抱怨某事You have nothing to complain of, do you? 你沒(méi)什么可抱怨的，是吧？He complained to the waiter that his meal was cold. 他向服務(wù)員抱怨飯菜是涼的。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞complaint 抱怨；埋怨；投訴The most common complaint is about poor service.最常見(jiàn)的投訴與服務(wù)差有關(guān)。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞 She complained _ waiting.A. having keptB. to keepC. of having been keptD. of having kept C complain of 后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞6、argument n. 爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)吵；辯論The student had a long argument with their teachers about their uniforms.學(xué)生們就他們校服的事和老師進(jìn)行了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的辯論。 argument about / over sth.關(guān)于某事物的爭(zhēng)論 argument with sb.和某人的爭(zhēng)論重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞 argument against / for sth.反對(duì) / 贊成某事物的論據(jù) sb.s argument某人的觀點(diǎn)What is their argument_over? 他們?cè)跔?zhēng)論什么？Thats not a good argument for raising the price. 那不是漲價(jià)的好理由。The authors argument is that some of the plays were actually not written by Shakespeare. 作者的觀點(diǎn)是：其中有些劇作實(shí)際創(chuàng)作者并不是莎士比亞。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞 Why dont they agree to the plan? Their main argument _ it is that it will cost too much. A. of B. against C. about D. withB根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，該句意思應(yīng)為“他們不同意這個(gè)計(jì)劃的論據(jù)/理由是這個(gè)計(jì)劃成本太大”。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)1、辨析do with， deal with do with (sb. / sth.) 處置； deal with 處理；打交道； 涉及，當(dāng)表示“怎樣處置”時(shí),do with用what提問(wèn)，deal with用how提問(wèn)。How to deal with the waste from the factory is a serious problem. 怎樣處理這家工廠的垃圾是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題.What did you do with my umbrella? 你把我的傘怎么了？重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) _ have you done _ my table? I have thrown it away.A. What; with B. How; withC. What; for D. How; forA 用do with 表示“怎樣處置”, 用what提問(wèn)。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)2、stay up 熬夜，不睡We stayed up till after midnight to see the New Year in. 我們熬過(guò)半夜等待著新年的到來(lái)。I stayed up last night, reading a novel from cover to cover. 我昨晚熬夜讀了一整本小說(shuō)。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) What makes you tired now? _ for my favorite TV programme last night. A. To stay up B. Staying up C. Stay up D. Stayed upB答句為回答上文的what，所以stay up的形式應(yīng)視為作句子的主語(yǔ)，只能從A或B中選?。涣硗獠欢ㄊ揭话阒笇?lái)動(dòng)作，所以最佳答案為動(dòng)名詞。后者可以指已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)3、insist on insist on sth./doing sth. 堅(jiān)持做某事She insisted on not telling me her telephone number. 她堅(jiān)持不告訴我她的電話號(hào)碼。The scientist insisted on an exact figure. 這位科學(xué)家堅(jiān)持要得到一個(gè)精確的數(shù)字。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) insist有兩個(gè)含義，其用法也不同： (1)作“堅(jiān)持要；一定要”講時(shí)，后面的從句中用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，其中should可省略。They insisted that we (should) begin the work at once. 他們堅(jiān)持要我們立刻開(kāi)始工作。 (2)作“堅(jiān)持說(shuō)；堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”講時(shí)，后面的從句中不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 He insisted that he had put the file back in the case. 他堅(jiān)持說(shuō)他已經(jīng)把文件放回到盒子里了。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)He has always insisted on his _ Dr Turner instead of Mr Turner.A. been called B. calledC. having called D. being called D 句意：他總是堅(jiān)持要?jiǎng)e人叫他Turner醫(yī)生而不是Turner先生。 insist on后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)疑疑 難難 句句 型型1、Eric runs in after it, followed by a big dog, walking very slowly. 埃里克跟在后邊跑了進(jìn)來(lái)，身后跟著一只狗慢慢地走著。 followed by為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。而walking very slowly為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)。China is a developing country. 中國(guó)是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家。There was a terrible noise following the sudden burst of light. 突然一道閃光過(guò)后緊跟著發(fā)出一陣巨大的響聲。疑疑 難難 句句 型型 At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, _ in a small apartment near Boston and _ what to do about his future.A. living; wondering B. lived; wonderingC. lived; wondered D. living; wondered疑疑 難難 句句 型型 A 句意：29歲時(shí)，Dave是個(gè)工人，住在波士頓附近的一所小公寓里，不知道他將來(lái)能干什么。 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可判斷出，live和wonder的邏輯主語(yǔ)都是Dave,故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語(yǔ)。疑疑 難難 句句 型型The government plans to bring in new laws _ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.A. forced B. forcingC. to be forced D. having forced疑疑 難難 句句 型型 B 句意：政府打算引入一些新的法律，以促使家長(zhǎng)們對(duì)孩子的教育承擔(dān)更多責(zé)任。 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)。 forcing是現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ),修飾new laws表示主動(dòng),相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句that/which force，A、C兩項(xiàng)表示被動(dòng)，D項(xiàng)表示主動(dòng)及完成，均不合題意。疑疑 難難 句句 型型2、The room is a mess, with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink. 房間一片混亂，地上四處是比薩盒子，水池里堆著沒(méi)洗的盤(pán)子。 此句中with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink用的是with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，這里是“with+名詞+介詞短語(yǔ)”的形式。The English teacher came into the classroom， with a book in her hand. 英語(yǔ)老師手里拿著一本書(shū)走進(jìn)教室。疑疑 難難 句句 型型 “with+復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)（即O.+O.C.）”在句子中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。其中賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)除了可以由介詞短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)外，還可以是分詞短語(yǔ)、形容詞短語(yǔ)，副詞短語(yǔ)、不定式短語(yǔ)。They came to a farmhouse with a big tree in front of it. 他們來(lái)到一所其前有一棵大樹(shù)的農(nóng)舍前。(定語(yǔ))They came to a farmhouse with their equipment on their backs. 他們背著自己的裝備,來(lái)到一所農(nóng)舍前。(狀語(yǔ))疑疑 難難 句句 型型 with+名詞/代詞+分詞With the exams coming next week, I have no time to play. 下周考試就要來(lái)臨了，我沒(méi)時(shí)間玩了。With their homework finished, the boys went out to play. 作業(yè)完成后男孩們出去玩耍。疑疑 難難 句句 型型 with+名詞/代詞+形容詞He likes to sleep with the door open. 他喜歡睡覺(jué)時(shí)把門(mén)開(kāi)著。 with+名詞/代詞+副詞The young couple sat there in silence, with the light on, for nearly half an hour. 這對(duì)年輕的夫婦開(kāi)著燈一言不發(fā)坐在那兒近半個(gè)小時(shí)。 疑疑 難難 句句 型型 with+名詞/代詞+不定式With no one to talk to, the girl felt bored and cried under the quilt alone. 沒(méi)有人可以交談，這個(gè)女孩感到很乏味并且躲在被子里哭了起來(lái)。 with+名詞/代詞+名詞With her son still being a schoolboy, she has to work hard to support his study. 兒子還在上學(xué)，她不得不努力工作以維持他的學(xué)業(yè)。 John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work_ , he gladly accepted it.A. finished B. finishingC. having finished D. was finished A 句意：約翰收到一份宴請(qǐng)函而且他的工作也干完了，他就欣然接受了邀請(qǐng)。 考查 with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)句意，工作該是被完成，所以排除B、C兩項(xiàng)。 with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，所缺部分作賓補(bǔ)，D項(xiàng)只能作謂語(yǔ)。故選A項(xiàng)。疑疑 難難 句句 型型疑疑 難難 句句 型型窗戶敞開(kāi)著,我們可以感覺(jué)到?jīng)鏊娘L(fēng)吹到我們臉上。（漢譯英）With the windows open, we can feel the cool wind blowing against our face.媽媽在外,我不得不獨(dú)自做飯。（漢譯英）With Mum out, I have to cook meals on my own.疑疑 難難 句句 型型3、 Eric sits on his bed looking at Daniel, who has his arms crossed and looks angry. 埃里克坐在床上看著雙臂交叉，表情氣憤的丹尼爾。 has his arms crossed為have/get sth. done 結(jié)構(gòu)，該結(jié)構(gòu)有兩層含義： (1) 使某事被做(主語(yǔ)有意識(shí)的行為，可能是自己做，也可能讓別人做)疑疑 難難 句句 型型Youd better have that bad tooth pulled out. 你最好把那顆蛀牙拔掉。I must have/get my homework finished first before going out to play. 出去玩之前我得把我的作業(yè)先做完。(2) 遭遇，經(jīng)歷(一般指不愉快的事情)He had his leg kicked in the game. 在比賽中他的腿讓人踢了。疑疑 難難 句句 型型 have sb./ sth.do / doing / done的差別：have sb.do等于ask / tell / arrange for sb.to do，sb.和do是主動(dòng)關(guān)系；have sb./ sth.doing是指讓某人/某物不?；蚍磸?fù)做某事，或容忍某人做某事(常用于否定)，sb. / sth.和doing是主動(dòng)關(guān)系；have sb./ sth.done意思是使某人/某物被(主語(yǔ)自己做或讓別人做都可以)，也可表示遭受了損害。疑疑 難難 句句 型型Ill have a workman fix it.我會(huì)安排一個(gè)工人修好它。(Ill have it fixed by a workman.)Mum wont have us making noise while she is working. ( She wont allow us to make)在她做事的時(shí)候，媽媽是不容許我們制造噪音的。It was very cold. We had_the_fire_burning all the time. 當(dāng)時(shí)天氣很冷。我們就讓火一直燃著。The director had her assistant _ some hot dogs for the meeting. A. picked up B. picks up C. pick up D. picking up疑疑 難難 句句 型型C句意：導(dǎo)演讓她的助理為會(huì)議去買一些熱狗?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的用法。have sb. /sth.后可以接do/doing/done 3種形式。本句中her assistant與pick up之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示將來(lái)動(dòng)作，因此用動(dòng)詞原形。而doing表示“經(jīng)?；虿煌５刈觥?；done表示“被動(dòng)”，因此排除A、B、D三項(xiàng)。疑疑 難難 句句 型型If you have illegal immigrants _ in, many local workers will lose their jobs. A. came B. coming C. to come D. having come疑疑 難難 句句 型型B句意：如果你們?nèi)萑谭欠ㄒ泼癫粩嘤咳?，?dāng)?shù)卦S多工人將會(huì)失業(yè)?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。該句是have sb. doing“容忍某人干某事”結(jié)構(gòu)，故選B項(xiàng)。疑疑 難難 句句 型型疑疑 難難 句句 型型4、I still wish we could go and see a film tomorrow though! 可我還是希望我們明天能去看場(chǎng)電影。 “wish +that從句”表示無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，從句須用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 但愿我像他那么富有。I wish I were as rich as he. 我希望你跟我一起去。I wish you would go with me.