Self check Read these sentences paying attention to the underlined parts. I study by working with a group. Do you learn English by watching videos? Try to guess a words meaning by reading the sentences before and after it. You can become better by reading something you enjoy every day.Drills “by + 動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞”常常表示手段、方式或方常常表示手段、方式或方法，可以用來(lái)回答法，可以用來(lái)回答how引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句。引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句。- How do you learn English?- I learn English by watching English movies.ORAL ENGLISH How do you study English?How do you study for a test?How do you learn to ride a bike?How do you remember the words? Lin Lin often practices English _ chatting with her American friends. A. in B. by C. for D. with【解析【解析】選選B。句意：林林經(jīng)常通過(guò)和美國(guó)。句意：林林經(jīng)常通過(guò)和美國(guó)朋友聊天練習(xí)英語(yǔ)。朋友聊天練習(xí)英語(yǔ)。Practice 我通過(guò)向老師求助學(xué)習(xí)。我通過(guò)向老師求助學(xué)習(xí)。I study by asking the teacher for help.We learn English by _ (make) vocabulary lists making1.我們通過(guò)利用太陽(yáng)的光和熱使植物長(zhǎng)我們通過(guò)利用太陽(yáng)的光和熱使植物長(zhǎng)地好。地好。2. 現(xiàn)在人們利用手機(jī)來(lái)進(jìn)行交流?，F(xiàn)在人們利用手機(jī)來(lái)進(jìn)行交流。 Translate the sentences into English.We can make plants grow well by using the light and heat from the sun.Now people can communicate with each other by using cell phones.3. Lily通過(guò)少吃減肥嗎？不，不是的。通過(guò)少吃減肥嗎？不，不是的。 4. 中國(guó)人通過(guò)植樹(shù)來(lái)使環(huán)境越來(lái)越美麗。中國(guó)人通過(guò)植樹(shù)來(lái)使環(huán)境越來(lái)越美麗。 Does Lucy lose weight by eating less food? No, she doesnt.Chinese people make the environments more and more beautiful by planting trees. by 的用法的用法 介詞介詞, 表示表示“通過(guò)通過(guò)方法方法或途徑的意或途徑的意思思”, 譯成譯成“靠靠, 通過(guò)通過(guò)”, 后面可加名詞、后面可加名詞、名詞短語(yǔ)或動(dòng)名詞?？捎脕?lái)回答名詞短語(yǔ)或動(dòng)名詞?？捎脕?lái)回答how引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句。的特殊疑問(wèn)句。 1) The house was destroyed by fire. 房屋被火燒毀了。房屋被火燒毀了。2) travel by air / land / sea 航空（陸路，航海）旅行航空（陸路，航海）旅行3) go by train / boat / bus 乘火車(chē)（船，公共汽車(chē)）乘火車(chē)（船，公共汽車(chē)）4) shake sb. by the hand 和某人握手和某人握手5) I study English by watching English movies. 我通過(guò)看英文電影學(xué)英語(yǔ)。我通過(guò)看英文電影學(xué)英語(yǔ)。 另外另外, by作為介詞的意義有很多作為介詞的意義有很多, 例如例如: 1）在）在旁邊，靠近旁邊，靠近 There is a power station by the river. 河邊有一個(gè)電廠。河邊有一個(gè)電廠。 2）沿著，經(jīng)由）沿著，經(jīng)由 to enter by the door 由門(mén)進(jìn)去由門(mén)進(jìn)去 3）由于）由于 by mistake 由于差錯(cuò)；錯(cuò)誤地由于差錯(cuò)；錯(cuò)誤地 4）被，由）被，由 some articles written by Lu Xun 一些由魯迅寫(xiě)的文章一些由魯迅寫(xiě)的文章 5）表示相（乘）除（以計(jì)算面積）表示相（乘）除（以計(jì)算面積） a room 5m by 4m 一間長(zhǎng)五米寬四米的房間一間長(zhǎng)五米寬四米的房間 6）逐一；連續(xù)）逐一；連續(xù) one by one 一個(gè)接一個(gè)一個(gè)接一個(gè) 英漢互譯英漢互譯I study English by listening to tapes. (通過(guò)聽(tīng)錄通過(guò)聽(tīng)錄音帶音帶) by studying with a group. ( ) by watching English programs on TV. ( ) by taking part in English classes after school. ( )通過(guò)小組學(xué)習(xí)通過(guò)小組學(xué)習(xí) 通過(guò)看英文電視節(jié)目通過(guò)看英文電視節(jié)目通過(guò)放學(xué)后上英語(yǔ)班通過(guò)放學(xué)后上英語(yǔ)班I study English _(通過(guò)讀英文通過(guò)讀英文雜志雜志)._(通過(guò)讀教科通過(guò)讀教科書(shū)書(shū))._(通過(guò)認(rèn)真完通過(guò)認(rèn)真完成家庭作業(yè)成家庭作業(yè)). by reading English magazines by reading the textbookby doing homework carefully用用by的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)完成句子的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)完成句子1. I think the best way to learn English is _ (通過(guò)大聲朗讀通過(guò)大聲朗讀). 2. He usually goes to work _ (乘地鐵乘地鐵). 3. First walk _ (經(jīng)過(guò)銀行旁邊經(jīng)過(guò)銀行旁邊), and then turn left. by reading aloudby the bankby subway4. Can we sit _ (在窗子旁邊在窗子旁邊)? 5. You must be back home _ (到十到十點(diǎn)為止點(diǎn)為止). 6. There are lots of trees _ (沿河沿河). 7. You must do your homework _ （你自己（你自己). 8. English is widely used _ (被人們被人們) all over the world. by the windowby ten oclockby the riverby yourselfby people【2011四川德陽(yáng)四川德陽(yáng)】2. How do you study for a test? - _ working with friends. A. By B. With C. On答案：答案： A【解析】本題考查介詞【解析】本題考查介詞by的用法。的用法。by意為意為“通通過(guò)過(guò)方式方式”；with意為意為“和和在一起在一起”；on意為意為“朝朝,向向”.句意句意“你是怎么為考試作準(zhǔn)你是怎么為考試作準(zhǔn)備嗎？備嗎？”“”“通過(guò)和朋友一起學(xué)習(xí)。通過(guò)和朋友一起學(xué)習(xí)?！敝挥兄挥衎y具具有有“通過(guò)通過(guò)方式方式”的意思，故選的意思，故選A。 vHow questions1 FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE WORDS IN THE BOXpractice develop remember prepare take until worry everything stressed exerciseAre you out each time you have a test ?You dont have to be if you smart study skills .Remember to notes in class and review them on your own or with friends after class. Then what you learned by doing . Try to study and information bit by bit instead of waiting the last minute to study at once. If you well for a test, then theres nothing to about.stresseddeveloptakepracticeexercisesrememberuntileverythingprepareworry2 . NUMBER THESE SENTENCES IN ORDER TO MAKE A CONVERSATION. Whats the matter ? Well, I practice my listening by listening to the tape over and over again until I can understand everything. So you want to practice your listening? Hi , Jake, I need your help. Uh-huh. Do you have any advice ? Ok ,Ill try that. I have a listening test next week.26 4 1 5 7 3Whats the matter ?Well, I practice my listening by listening to the tape over and over again until I can understand everything.So you want to practice your listening?Hi , Jake, I need your help.Uh-huh. Do you have any advice ?Ok ,Ill try that.I have a listening test next week.SUMMARIES Be stressed out Develop smart study skillsTake notesOn your ownBy doing exercisesRemember information bit by bitWait until the last minuteStudy everything at oncePrepare well for a test3. GIVE ADVICE TO THESE PEOPLE.1) Jane is a very slow reader.She should improve her reading speedby reading them over and over again. by reading aloud by herself. by reading after listening to the tape. by practice reading for twenty minutes every day.2) LI MING WANTS TO IMPROVE HIS LISTENINGHe could practice his listeningby remembering new words. by listening to radio for twenty minutes every day. by watching people saying on the TV. by reading the text every day. 3)MEIPING DOESNT KNOW MANY ENGLISH WORDS.She could learn more wordsby reading them over and over again. by writing them while reading.by reading them in pairs. by making word cards. by listening to the tape.