8A Unit 8 Natural disasters 13.自然災(zāi)害自然災(zāi)害Natural disasters1.地震開始時(shí)我正在圖書館里；地震開始時(shí)我正在圖書館里；2. 地面開始猛烈地?fù)u晃；地面開始猛烈地?fù)u晃； 我試圖往外跑，但玻璃碎片和磚頭砸了下來，墻開始坍塌；我試圖往外跑，但玻璃碎片和磚頭砸了下來，墻開始坍塌；3. 最后，響聲和搖動(dòng)都停了下來；最后，響聲和搖動(dòng)都停了下來；4. 我意識(shí)到我的一條腿被卡住了；我擔(dān)心沒人會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)我，所以尖叫呼救我意識(shí)到我的一條腿被卡住了；我擔(dān)心沒人會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)我，所以尖叫呼救； 好在一條狗發(fā)現(xiàn)了我，有人把我拉了出去。好在一條狗發(fā)現(xiàn)了我，有人把我拉了出去。I was in the library when the earthquake started. The earth started to shake hard . I tried to run outside, but pieces of glass and bricks fell down, and the walls began to come down. Finally, the noise and shaking ended. I realized my leg was trapped. I was afraid that no one would find me. I screamed for help.Luckily, a dog found me and someone pulled me out. 1.上周三，暴風(fēng)雪襲擊了北京；上周三，暴風(fēng)雪襲擊了北京； 放學(xué)后，貝蒂和她的朋友艾米合撐一把傘，走向放學(xué)后，貝蒂和她的朋友艾米合撐一把傘，走向公交車站；公交車站；2. 天氣真是壞極了。天氣真是壞極了。 突然，一陣大風(fēng)從身后刮來，突然，一陣大風(fēng)從身后刮來， 她們?cè)诖箫L(fēng)中弄丟了傘，她們倆幾乎跌倒，她們?cè)诖箫L(fēng)中弄丟了傘，她們倆幾乎跌倒， 只能在暴風(fēng)雪中慢慢地走向公交車站；只能在暴風(fēng)雪中慢慢地走向公交車站；3. 最后，她們上了一輛公交車回家了。最后，她們上了一輛公交車回家了。A snowstorm hit Beijing last Wednesday. After school, Betty shared an umbrella with her friend, Amy, and they walked to the bus stop.The weather was really terrible. Suddenly, a strong wind came from behind. They lost their umbrella in the wind and nearly fell over. They had to walk slowly through the storm to the bus stop. At last, they got on a bus and went home. 單詞回顧單詞回顧詞型變化詞型變化1. mop(現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞)_(過去式過去式)_2. shake(過去式過去式-過去分詞過去分詞)_ 3. safe(副詞副詞)_(反義詞反義詞)_4. trap(形容詞形容詞) _5. break(過去式過去式)_(形容詞形容詞)_6. sleep (形容詞形容詞) _7. clear(副詞副詞)_8. beat(過去式過去式-過去分詞過去分詞)_moppingmoppedshook-shakensafelydangerousbrokebrokenclearlybeat-beatentrappedasleep基礎(chǔ)精梳理基礎(chǔ)精梳理 類別類別 中考考點(diǎn)助記中考考點(diǎn)助記 詞語詞語聯(lián)想聯(lián)想1.dig v. 挖挖_ (過去式過去式)_ (過去過去分詞分詞)2serious adj. 認(rèn)真的認(rèn)真的_ (副詞副詞)3wise adj. 明智的明智的_ (副詞副詞)4rich adj. 富有的富有的_ (反義詞反義詞)5.harm vt. 傷害傷害_ (有害的有害的)_ (無害的無害的)6empty adj. 空的空的_ (反義詞反義詞)7simple adj. 簡(jiǎn)單的簡(jiǎn)單的_ (副詞副詞)8power n. 力量力量_ (形容詞形容詞)dug dug seriously wiselypoor harmful harmless fullsimply powerful 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Bad weather may cause _ (nature) disasters.2.His mother was _(terrible) ill last night.3.I told myself I must stay _(live) in this case.4.We lost our umbrella in the wind and I _(near) fell over.5.You should try to calm _(you) down when you are in danger.6.My grandpa fell asleep as he _ (watch) TV.7.The average persons heart _ (beat) 70 times a minute.naturalterriblyalivenearlyyourselfwas watchingbeats 1.shake (v.) 搖動(dòng)搖動(dòng) (名詞名詞) _ 2.live (v.) (形容詞形容詞) “活著的活著的” _ 3.silence (n.) (形容詞形容詞) _ 4.natural (名詞名詞) _ 5.safe (adj.) (名詞名詞) _ (反義詞反義詞)_ 6.loud (adj.) (副詞副詞) _ 詞語聯(lián)想1. My brother is working on the _ (鐵路鐵路).2.Did you use to get _(緊張的緊張的) when you see the school report from your teacher?3.She does not know if he is _(活著的活著的) or dead.4. I have a (牙痛牙痛). I will go to the dentist this afternoon.5. A typhoon(臺(tái)風(fēng)臺(tái)風(fēng))usually brings _(洪災(zāi)洪災(zāi)) and it washes away everything.詞語識(shí)記railwaynervousalivetoothacheflood1. I felt my heart _(beat) faster and faster after he told me the exciting news.2. “I must believe in my ability.” I said to _(me).3. Newton was sitting under an apple tree when an apple _(fall) onto his head. 4. The _ (exciting) students all stood up and cheered for their team.5.People who have no sense of _ (direct) often get lost in big cities.詞語運(yùn)用beatingmyselffellexciteddirection思維導(dǎo)圖思維導(dǎo)圖An (1)_ Before the earthquake,Timmy was sleeping.During the earthquake, Timmy felt a slight (2)_.He heard a loud (3)_ like thunder.People screamed in(4)_ and ran in all (5) _ .Bricks and pieces of glass fell down.The walls came down.After the earthquake, Timmy was (6) _ .He felt (7) _ but he tried to calm down.People moved away the bricks and saved him. He was (8)_ .Away from danger(9)_ Call 119.Try to get out.Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel.Stay low to the ground.Never go back into the building.Get to high ground.Dont walk through the flood water.FloodsHide under a strong desk or table.Dont stand near a window.Follow traffic (10) .Look left, right and then left while crossing the road.EarthquakesTraffic accidentsrulesearthquakeshake noise fear directionstrappednervoussafe Fires 1. 自然災(zāi)害自然災(zāi)害 2. 用拖把拖干凈用拖把拖干凈3. 成千上萬的人成千上萬的人 兩千人兩千人4. 一場(chǎng)汽車事故一場(chǎng)汽車事故5. 撞毀撞毀6. 把村莊沖走把村莊沖走7. 害怕地害怕地8. 從樹上掉下來從樹上掉下來9. 保持沉默保持沉默10. 介意（某人）做某事介意（某人）做某事 natural disastersmop upthousands of peopletwo thousand peoplea car accidentcrash intowash the villages awayin fearfall from the tree=fall off the treekeep silentmind (ones) doing sth重點(diǎn)詞組和短語重點(diǎn)詞組和短語11. 一點(diǎn)也不一點(diǎn)也不12. 盡可能快盡可能快13. 四處亂跑四處亂跑14. 盡某人的努力做某事盡某人的努力做某事 15. 瘋狂地跑瘋狂地跑16. 跌倒跌倒17. 鎮(zhèn)靜下來鎮(zhèn)靜下來18. 被困被困19. 自言自語自言自語20. 拋錨、出故障拋錨、出故障 not-at allas soon as possiblerun in all directionstry ones best to do sthrun wildlyfall overcalm downbe trappedsay to oneselfbreak down重點(diǎn)詞組和短語重點(diǎn)詞組和短語過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的句式過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的句式 （1）基本結(jié)構(gòu)：）基本結(jié)構(gòu)： （2） 否定式否定式 （3）疑問句：）疑問句：was/were + verb-ingwas/were not + verb-ingwas not = wasntwere not = werent將將 was/were 調(diào)到主語前調(diào)到主語前(4)時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語at this time yesterday, at that time, at nine yesterday morning, the whole afternoon, from 6:00 to 8:00 yesterday morning Grammar2014河南河南 - I called you at 4:00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered. - Sorry, I with my friends at that time. A. swim B. swam C. will swim D. was swimming2014北京北京 -Did you watch the football match yesterday? -Yes, I did. You know, my brother_in the match. A.is playing B.was playing C. has played D.will play 中考鏈接中考鏈接2014長(zhǎng)沙長(zhǎng)沙Mrs Green _ some washing when I got to her house. A. was doing B. were doing C. does D. do2014棗莊棗莊I _ my homework while my parents _ TV last night. A. did, was watching B. was doing, were watching C. do, were watching D. was doing, are watching 鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí)1. What _ your brother _ (do) at nine oclock last night?2. They _ (listen) to music at that time.3. When I saw him, he _ (search) the Internet.4. They _ (discuss) a problem in the meeting room at this time yesterday.5. _ Amy _ (visit) the Science Museum from 9:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. yesterday?wasdoingwere listeningwas searchingwere discussingWasvisiting連詞連詞 while 與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 當(dāng)兩個(gè)延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞同時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)，我們可以在當(dāng)兩個(gè)延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞同時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)，我們可以在兩個(gè)句子中都用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，并用兩個(gè)句子中都用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，并用 while 連接。連接。 當(dāng)當(dāng) while 用在句首時(shí)，兩個(gè)句子應(yīng)用逗號(hào)隔用在句首時(shí)，兩個(gè)句子應(yīng)用逗號(hào)隔開。開。1. People were running wildly while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down.2. Suzy was making a snowman while Kitty was standing beside her.當(dāng)延續(xù)性動(dòng)作進(jìn)行的同時(shí)也有短暫性動(dòng)作發(fā)生當(dāng)延續(xù)性動(dòng)作進(jìn)行的同時(shí)也有短暫性動(dòng)作發(fā)生,用用when或或while 連接兩動(dòng)作連接兩動(dòng)作,延續(xù)性動(dòng)作用延續(xù)性動(dòng)作用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)而短暫性動(dòng)作用過去時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)而短暫性動(dòng)作用過去時(shí).1. The earthquake started while I was doing some shopping.2. I was trying to find my way out when I suddenly heard some noise above me. 1. I was walking when someone called me from behind.2. She was doing her homework while her mother was cooking. 3. I like apples while my sister likes oranges. when和和while作作并列連詞并列連詞時(shí)，時(shí)， when 意為意為 “就在這時(shí)；突然就在這時(shí)；突然”， 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于and then. While 則表示則表示 “而；卻而；卻”， 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于but, yet.鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí)(用用when/ while填空）填空）1.My wallet dropped on the ground _ I was running.2. _ I just went to bed, there was a loud knock on the door.3. _ he was reading, an earthquake started.4. Were the students listening to the teacher carefully _ the teacher was giving a lesson?5. _ the telephone rang, I became nervous.whileWhen While while When 1.When the teacher _(come) into the classroom, Andy _(draw) on the blackboard.2.Unluckily, Sam _(fall) down while he_(ride) his bicycle.3.While I _(listen) to music, the twins _(dance) to it.4.As I _(do) my homework at home, I suddenly _(hear) someone shouting for help.5.I _(meet) an old friend while I _(wait) for the bus.camewas drawingfell was riding was listening were dancing was doingheardmet was waiting根據(jù)以下提示，描述你所看到的一次沙塵暴根據(jù)以下提示，描述你所看到的一次沙塵暴(sandstorm).第五點(diǎn)請(qǐng)作適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。第五點(diǎn)請(qǐng)作適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。1.上周末，北京遭遇了可怕的沙塵暴。當(dāng)我回家的時(shí)候上周末，北京遭遇了可怕的沙塵暴。當(dāng)我回家的時(shí)候，風(fēng)正吹得厲害。，風(fēng)正吹得厲害。2.天變得越來越黑。公路上發(fā)生了嚴(yán)重的車禍。人們被天變得越來越黑。公路上發(fā)生了嚴(yán)重的車禍。人們被困了。困了。3.駕駛員的左腿嚴(yán)重受傷。幸運(yùn)的是，有人打了駕駛員的左腿嚴(yán)重受傷。幸運(yùn)的是，有人打了110求求救。救。4.警察把他送到醫(yī)院，駕駛員變得好多了。警察把他送到醫(yī)院，駕駛員變得好多了。5.遇到麻煩時(shí)，我們必須遇到麻煩時(shí)，我們必須 Writing about a natural disaster Last weekend, a terrible sandstorm hit Beijing. The wind was blowing hard when I went home. It became darker and darker. There was a serious car accident on the road. People were trapped. The drivers left leg was badly hurt. Luckily, someone called 110 for help. The police took the driver to the hospital and he got better. When we get into trouble, we must calm down./ we should use correct ways to protect ourselves.Never give up./Model: 重難點(diǎn)精析考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)一 辨析辨析 while 與與 when (P94)(講解見七年級(jí)講解見七年級(jí)(上上)Units 5-6 )考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)二 A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive. 我感到一陣恐懼，但是我告訴自己要冷靜，因?yàn)槲椅腋械揭魂嚳謶?，但是我告訴自己要冷靜，因?yàn)槲疫€活著。還活著。(P94)練講重難點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)搶測(cè)考點(diǎn)搶測(cè)A1. John and his best friend Brown watched a _ football match last night.A. live B. lively C. living D. alive 2. Jenny is a _ girl. We all like her very much.A. alive B. living C. live D. livelyD 辨析辨析alive, living, live 與與 lively滿分點(diǎn)撥滿分點(diǎn)撥詞匯詞匯含義含義用法用法alive活著的；在世的；活著的；在世的；存在的存在的多用作表語，可以與多用作表語，可以與living互換，可修飾人或物互換，可修飾人或物living活的，逼真的活的，逼真的可作表語，也可作定語修飾可作表語，也可作定語修飾名詞，可指人或物名詞，可指人或物live活的；有生命的；活的；有生命的；現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的；現(xiàn)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的；現(xiàn)場(chǎng)演出的場(chǎng)演出的只作前置定語，且一般用于只作前置定語，且一般用于修飾物，作定語時(shí)相當(dāng)于修飾物，作定語時(shí)相當(dāng)于livinglively活潑的，有生機(jī)活潑的，有生機(jī)的；精力充沛的的；精力充沛的可作表語或定語，修飾人或可作表語或定語，修飾人或物物如：如： The badly wounded soldier was still alive when taken to the hospital. 受傷的士兵被送到醫(yī)院時(shí)還活著。受傷的士兵被送到醫(yī)院時(shí)還活著。 All living things need air. 一切生物都需要空氣。一切生物都需要空氣。 Do you like a live show or a recorded show? 你是喜你是喜歡直播演出還是錄播節(jié)目？歡直播演出還是錄播節(jié)目？ As you can see, this is a very lively group. 正如你所正如你所見，這是個(gè)非?；钴S的團(tuán)隊(duì)。見，這是個(gè)非?；钴S的團(tuán)隊(duì)。 辨析辨析asleep, sleepy 與與 sleep (P96) (講解見八年講解見八年級(jí)級(jí)(上上)Unit 7 )考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)三1.David fell _(sleep) in class because he stayed up too late last night.2.Sherlock Holmes asked the suspect what he _ when the murder took place.A.was doing B. has done C. is doing D. would do3.Yesterday Suzy fell over and was hurt badly while she _ a snowball.-Im sorry to hear that.A.made B. was making C. makes D. is making4.-Was Kate at the party last night?-Yes,she _ a really nice dress.A.is wearing B. was wearing C. would wear D. has wornasleepABB5.The horse he draws is really_.A.living B. live C. lively D. alive6.Sue _ on the tenth floor, but she walks upstairs every day.A.lived B. lives C. alive D, lively6.He thinks he is the happiest man _A.living B.alive C.live D.lively ABB重點(diǎn)知識(shí)講解重點(diǎn)知識(shí)講解1. thousands of 數(shù)千個(gè)數(shù)千個(gè);成千上萬的成千上萬的hundreds of millions ofone hundred two hundred我們學(xué)校有三千三百名學(xué)生。我們學(xué)校有三千三百名學(xué)生。There are _ studentsin our schoolthree thousand three hundred數(shù)千人在那場(chǎng)地震中喪生。數(shù)千人在那場(chǎng)地震中喪生。_people _ in that earthquake.Thousands of lost their lives 2. catch fire 著火著火 be on fire 著火著火 （強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)）（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)）start / cause a fire 起火起火雷電擊中房屋并引起大火。雷電擊中房屋并引起大火。Lightning _ a house and it _. hit 看，那棟房子著火了?？?，那棟房子著火了。 Look! The house _.is on fire caught fire3.shaken. & vi. ; vt. 搖晃，搖動(dòng)搖晃，搖動(dòng)shakingn. 搖晃，搖動(dòng)搖晃，搖動(dòng)我感覺到一陣輕微的震動(dòng)。我感覺到一陣輕微的震動(dòng)。I felt a slight _.shakeshakingFinally, the noise and _ ended.最終，聲音和震動(dòng)都停了下來。最終，聲音和震動(dòng)都停了下來。n.大地開始震動(dòng)。大地開始震動(dòng)。The earth started to _.shakevi.兩個(gè)朋友在大街上相互握手。兩個(gè)朋友在大街上相互握手。Two friends _ hands with each other in the street.shakevt.shake-shook-shaken4. alive adj. 活著的活著的 live vi. 活著，生活，居住活著，生活，居住通常不放在名詞前作定語通常不放在名詞前作定語 (可作表語或后置定語可作表語或后置定語)：She must be still _. 她一定還活著。她一定還活著。alive living adj. 活著的活著的This is a _ fish.=This is a fish _. 這是一條活魚。這是一條活魚。living alive 5. because of 因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)?+名詞、代詞等名詞、代詞等because 因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)?+從句從句因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)?大雨，所以他來不了了。大雨，所以他來不了了。He cant come _ it is raining heavily.He cant come _ the heavy rain.他沒來上學(xué)是因?yàn)樗×?。他沒來上學(xué)是因?yàn)樗×恕e isnt at school _ his illness.He isnt at school _ he is ill.because because ofbecause of because 6. burn n. 燒傷，燙傷燒傷，燙傷 v. (使使)燃燒燃燒 burnt burnedburning adj. 燃燒的燃燒的做飯時(shí)要當(dāng)心，否則你會(huì)燒傷你自己的。做飯時(shí)要當(dāng)心，否則你會(huì)燒傷你自己的。Be careful when you cook, or you may _yourself.burn他們飛快地跑出了著火的房子。他們飛快地跑出了著火的房子。They ran quickly out of the _ house.burningburning, burnt -Oh，dear, I smell something_.-God, my fish.A.burnt B.burning Never enter the _ building, it is dangerous. Everything is _ after the terrible fire.burningburntB7. clear vt. 清除，清理清除，清理 adj. 清晰的，清澈的，清楚的清晰的，清澈的，清楚的 clearly adv.明亮地明亮地; 明確地明確地; clean vt. 打掃，使打掃，使干凈干凈 adj.干凈的干凈的; 整齊的整齊的請(qǐng)把黑板擦干凈。請(qǐng)把黑板擦干凈。Please _ the blackboard.clean 人們正忙著清理街道上的積雪呢。人們正忙著清理街道上的積雪呢。People are busy _ the snow from the street.clearing Can you see the words _?(clear)clearly 你能看得清這些單詞嗎？你能看得清這些單詞嗎？8.把把拖干凈（代詞放中間）拖干凈（代詞放中間）mopup 把它把它/它們拖干凈它們拖干凈 mop it /them up 把水拖干把水拖干 mop the water up= mop up the water 9.將將沖走（代詞放中間）沖走（代詞放中間）washaway 將它將它/它們沖走它們沖走 wash it /them away 沖走村莊沖走村莊 wash away the village =wash the village away10. 從樹上跌落從樹上跌落 fall off the tree fall from the tree 摔倒摔倒 fall over fall-fell-fallen 11.保持保持安全免受安全免受. keep safe from 保持自己免受火災(zāi)保持自己免受火災(zāi) keep ourselves safe from fires 保護(hù)保護(hù)不受不受之害之害 protect from 保護(hù)你自己免受煙的傷害保護(hù)你自己免受煙的傷害 protect yourself from smoke 12.nature, natural, naturally 1. Everyone should act to protect _. 2. Try to act_, even if youre tense. 3. Its _ that the boy is nervous in front of strangers. She speaks and behaves _. It is a good habit to eat_ food. naturenaturallynaturalnaturallynatural 13 mind n. 頭腦，想法頭腦，想法v. 介意；在乎介意；在乎拓展拓展 (1)mind用作名詞時(shí)，其常用搭配：用作名詞時(shí)，其常用搭配：body and mind身心身心 make up ones mind to do sth 下定決心去做下定決心去做某事某事(2)mind 用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其常用搭配：用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其常用搭配：mind doing sth 介意做某事介意做某事mind sb/ones doing sth 介意某人做某事介意某人做某事Never mind. 不介意，不介意， 沒關(guān)系。沒關(guān)系。(3)“Would/Do you mindn./pron./v.-ing？” 意為意為“您介意您介意嗎？嗎？”。此句型的答語要。此句型的答語要針對(duì)針對(duì)mind進(jìn)行回答。進(jìn)行回答。 表示表示“介意，在乎介意，在乎”時(shí)，用時(shí)，用“Yes”，后跟，后跟句子表示句子表示“不讓對(duì)方做某事不讓對(duì)方做某事”；表示表示“不介意，不在乎不介意，不在乎”時(shí)，用時(shí)，用“No”，后跟，后跟句子表示句子表示“允許對(duì)方做某事允許對(duì)方做某事”。Do you mind my closing the window?你介意我關(guān)上窗戶嗎？你介意我關(guān)上窗戶嗎？Yes, youd better not. 是的是的(介意介意), 你最好別關(guān)。你最好別關(guān)。No, certainly not. 當(dāng)然不介意當(dāng)然不介意(你可以關(guān)上你可以關(guān)上)。點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 harm的形容詞形式為的形容詞形式為harmful (有害的有害的)/ harmless(無害的無害的)。 短語短語do harm to意為意為“對(duì)對(duì)有害有害”，相當(dāng)于，相當(dāng)于be harmful to。考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 harm vt. 傷害；損害傷害；損害典型例題典型例題 Air pollution is harmful to our health. (改為同義句改為同義句) Air pollution does _ _ our health. harm to