Unit 3 Language in useGrammar Focus直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)直接引述別人的原話，叫直接引語(yǔ)；轉(zhuǎn)直接引述別人的原話，叫直接引語(yǔ)；轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫間接引語(yǔ)。間接引語(yǔ)在述別人的話，叫間接引語(yǔ)。間接引語(yǔ)在多數(shù)情況下構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句。直接引語(yǔ)一多數(shù)情況下構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句。直接引語(yǔ)一般前后要加引號(hào)；間接引語(yǔ)不用加引號(hào)。般前后要加引號(hào)；間接引語(yǔ)不用加引號(hào)。例如：例如：Mr. White said, “Im tired.” (直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)) Mr. White said (that) he was tired. (間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)) 從以上例句中我們可以看出：從以上例句中我們可以看出：直接引語(yǔ)如果是直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)(that在口語(yǔ)中常省略在口語(yǔ)中常省略)，從句中人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示，從句中人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等要作相應(yīng)的變化代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等要作相應(yīng)的變化。1. 人稱的變化人稱的變化: 第一人稱變?yōu)榈谌朔Q。第一人稱變?yōu)榈谌朔Q。 I he / she; we they。e.g. Tom said, “I like English very much.” Tom said (that) he liked English very much.2. 時(shí)態(tài)的變化時(shí)態(tài)的變化 如果主句的謂語(yǔ)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)如果主句的謂語(yǔ)是一般過(guò)去時(shí), 直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從 句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)上要有如句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)上要有如 下變化：下變化：直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)e.g. Jim said, “I want to play football tomorrow.” Jim said (that) he wanted to play football the next day.注意：注意：直接引語(yǔ)如果表達(dá)的是客觀直接引語(yǔ)如果表達(dá)的是客觀 真理、諺語(yǔ)或格言，變間接真理、諺語(yǔ)或格言，變間接 引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。e.g. My teacher said, “The earth moves around the sun.” My teacher said (that) the earth moves around the sun. 3. 指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等的變化指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等的變化 直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)指示代詞指示代詞thisthatthesethose時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)todaythat daytonightthat nightthis week /monththat week /monthnowthen時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterdaythe day beforelast week / monththe week /month beforelast week / monthtwo years / four days beforetomorrowthe next daynext week / monththe next week / month地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)herethere另外：動(dòng)詞另外：動(dòng)詞come go注意：上述這些變化，不要機(jī)械照注意：上述這些變化，不要機(jī)械照搬，而要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來(lái)定。如：轉(zhuǎn)搬，而要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來(lái)定。如：轉(zhuǎn)述人與說(shuō)話人在同一地點(diǎn)時(shí)，就不必述人與說(shuō)話人在同一地點(diǎn)時(shí)，就不必將將here轉(zhuǎn)化成轉(zhuǎn)化成there了。了?！靖櫨毩?xí)【跟蹤練習(xí)】請(qǐng)根據(jù)以上所學(xué)知識(shí)將下面的直接引請(qǐng)根據(jù)以上所學(xué)知識(shí)將下面的直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)。1. My mother said, “I am very excited to see my friends tomorrow.” _My mother said she was very excited to see her friends the next day.2. “I will come to this party tonight,” he said. _3. “I dont like it at all,” the little girl said. _The little girl said she didnt like it at all. He said he would go to that party that night.4. “I saw this film two weeks ago,” my brother said. _5. Sally said, “The earth is not round.” _6. “I have something to say,” I said. _My brother said he had seen that film two weeks before.Sally said that the earth is not round.I said I had something to say.7. Jim said, “Ill never forget that day.” _8. The boy said, “Im reading now.” _The boy said he was reading then.Jim said he would never forget that day.1. Tony said, “Theres a party in the park tonight.” Tony said _ .there was a party in thepark that night2. My sister said, “I have a good time today.”My sister said _ .3. Daming said, “I dont like the singer.” Daming said _.she had a good timethat dayhe didnt like the singer4. My mother said, “Its time for school.” My mother said _ _.5. He said, “I can swim.” He said _ .he could swimit was time forschool連詞成句。連詞成句。1. said, was, she, in, Betty, the, then, zoo _ .2. she, to, wanted, see, Lingling, the, film, told, Daming _ .Betty said she was in the zoo thenLingling told Daming she wanted to see the film3. an, it, story, Steve, was, said, interesting _ .4. sister, she, liked, my, reading, said_ .Steve said it was an interesting storyMy sister said she liked reading