第十三節(jié)第十三節(jié) 句子（一）句子（一）考點精講精練考點精講精練 句子按使用目的可分為四類：陳述句、疑問句、句子按使用目的可分為四類：陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。祈使句和感嘆句?！究键c【考點1】陳述句和疑問句】陳述句和疑問句()考點精講：考點精講： 一、陳述句一、陳述句: 1. 定義：定義： 用來陳述一個事實或表達一種觀點的句子叫做陳用來陳述一個事實或表達一種觀點的句子叫做陳述句，分為肯定和否定兩種形式，一般用降調(diào)，句末述句，分為肯定和否定兩種形式，一般用降調(diào)，句末用句號。用句號。 2. 常用的將肯定句改為否定句的方法：常用的將肯定句改為否定句的方法： 如果肯定陳述句的謂語動詞是如果肯定陳述句的謂語動詞是be，have或情態(tài)動或情態(tài)動詞時，在它們之后加詞時，在它們之后加not構(gòu)成否定式；如果謂語中不含構(gòu)成否定式；如果謂語中不含上述動詞而只有行為動詞，則在其前加助動詞上述動詞而只有行為動詞，則在其前加助動詞do(第三第三人稱單數(shù)用人稱單數(shù)用does，過去式用，過去式用did)，再加，再加not構(gòu)成否定式。構(gòu)成否定式。 3. 部分否定與全部否定：部分否定與全部否定： 有一些表示有一些表示“全體全體”或或“完全完全”意義的總括詞，意義的總括詞，如如all， every，both， always等，凡含有這些詞的否等，凡含有這些詞的否定句并非表示全部否定。這些詞要表示全部否定時，定句并非表示全部否定。這些詞要表示全部否定時，常用常用none，no，neither，never， nowhere或或not與與any，anything等連用來表示。另外，等連用來表示。另外，all，both，every等和帶等和帶in-，un-，dis-等否定前綴的詞連用時，等否定前綴的詞連用時，也表全部否定。也表全部否定。二、疑問句二、疑問句 熟記：常見的特殊疑問詞熟記：常見的特殊疑問詞(組組) what什么什么(可用來詢問職業(yè)可用來詢問職業(yè))；which哪一個；哪一個；when什么時候；什么時候；why為什么；為什么；how如何，怎樣；如何，怎樣；where(在在)哪里；哪里； who誰；誰；whose誰的；誰的；what time幾幾點；點；what day星期幾；星期幾；what color什么顏色；什么顏色；what about 怎么樣怎么樣; how much多少，多少錢；多少，多少錢；how many多少；多少；how far多遠；多遠；how long多長，多久；多長，多久；how soon過多久；過多久；how often多久一次；多久一次；how old多大；多大；how about 怎么樣怎么樣;how heavy多重；多重；how big多多大；大；how tall/high多高；多高；how deep多深多深【考題再現(xiàn)【考題再現(xiàn)】( )1. (2016畢節(jié)畢節(jié))_ do you often get to school, Michael?On foot. A. How B. WhenC. What D. Where( )2. (2016北京北京)_ are these bananas?3.99.A. How much B. How long C. How heavy D. How bigAA( )3. (2015梅州梅州)_ is it the Qomolangma?Its 8, 844 meters. Its very hard to climb the mountain. A. How deep B. How longC. How far D. How highD( )4. (2015廣州廣州)_ will the invitations be sent to our guests?In three days. A. How often B. How soonC. How long D. How far B( )5. (2014梅州梅州)_ do you go shopping?Sometimes. A. How often B. How longC. How far D. How muchA【考點演練【考點演練】( )6. _ people are there in Emmas family？Three. A. How often B. How longC. How many D. How muchC( )7. Excuse me, Sir. _ is it from here to the Childrens Palace？Well，only about five minutes walk. A. How often B. How longC. How far D. How soonC( )8. _ are you always staying up so late these days?To prepare for my final exam. A. How B. WhyC. When D. WhereB( )9. Is the girl in red your friend?_. She is learning Chinese now.A. Yes, she is B. Yes, he isC. Yes, it is D. Yes, she doesA( )10. Have you joined the Singing Club?_. I like singing, but I dont have any time.A. No, I dont B. Yes, I doC. No, I havent D. Yes, I haveD【考點【考點2】祈使句】祈使句()考點精講：考點精講： 表建議、命令、請求、叮囑、邀請、勸告等的句表建議、命令、請求、叮囑、邀請、勸告等的句子叫做祈使句。第二人稱祈使句的肯定形式通常省略子叫做祈使句。第二人稱祈使句的肯定形式通常省略主語主語you而以動詞原形開頭，否定形式在前面加而以動詞原形開頭，否定形式在前面加Dont。中考對祈使句的考查往往從其構(gòu)成和答語兩個方面入中考對祈使句的考查往往從其構(gòu)成和答語兩個方面入手。手。 附：英語的基本句型是附：英語的基本句型是“主語謂語主語謂語”。如果將主。如果將主語與謂語位置調(diào)換，則稱為倒裝句。倒裝句的常見結(jié)構(gòu)語與謂語位置調(diào)換，則稱為倒裝句。倒裝句的常見結(jié)構(gòu)為：為：so/neither/norbe 動詞動詞/情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞/助動詞主語。助動詞主語。【考題再現(xiàn)【考題再現(xiàn)】( )1. (2016攀枝花攀枝花)I think you are different now. Of course, times have changed and _. A. so have I B. so I haveC. neither have I D. neither I haveA( )2. (2014廣州廣州)Sorry, Im late. _ tell me the bus broke down again! A. Never to B. NotC. Dont D. No( )3. (2014梅州梅州)_ play with fire. _ with fire is dangerous. A. Dont; Playing B. Not; PlayingC. Dont; Play D. Not to; To playCA【考點演練【考點演練】( )4. I dont know if you _ to Marys party next Sunday. If you go, _. A. go; so will I B. will go; so will IC. will go; so do I D. will go; so I willB( )5. As we all know, life is short but amazing. _ it!A. Enjoy B. To enjoyC. Enjoying D. Enjoyed ( )6. _ call me Wang Wang! Its my dogs name. A. Not B. NoC. Dont D. PleaseAC【考點【考點3】感嘆句】感嘆句()考點精講：考點精講： 定義：感嘆句指的就是用以表示喜、怒、哀、樂定義：感嘆句指的就是用以表示喜、怒、哀、樂等強烈感情的句子。用感嘆詞等強烈感情的句子。用感嘆詞what或或how引導引導(此時的此時的what/how意為意為“多么多么”)，常見句式如下：，常見句式如下：【考題再現(xiàn)【考題再現(xiàn)】( )1. (2016煙臺煙臺)_ weather it is! Shall we go for a picnic?I cant agree more. A. What a good B. What goodC. How good the D. How goodB( )2. (2016宿遷宿遷)Did you watch the Chinas Military Parade on TV?Yes. _ great it was!A. How B. WhatC. How a D. What a A( )3. (2016昆明昆明)Have you watched the boat races this Dragon Boat Festival? Yes. _ wonderful races!A. What an B. What aC. What D. HowC( )4. (2016長春長春) _ great news it is! Well have a school trip next week. A. What a B. WhatC. How a D. HowB( )5. (2015廣東廣東)So far, Su Bingtian is the only Chinese who finished the 100-meter race in less than 10 seconds._ he runs!A. How slow B. How fastC. What a slow D. What a fast B( )6. (2014廣東廣東)Do you know Wang Feng? He can remember 100 groups of numbers in five minutes. Yes. _ man he is!A. What a smart B. How smartC. What a stupid D. How stupidA【考點演練【考點演練】( )7. Its said that an American teacher will teach us English next term. Wow! _! We can practice our oral English better. A. What an excited news B. How excited the news isC. What an exciting news D. How exciting the news isD( )8. Listen! Someone is playing _ piano. Wow! _ beautiful the music is! I like it very much.A. a; what B. the; HowC. the; What a D. /; HowB( )9. Laura is able to speak five languages._ unusual girl she is! A. How B. What anC. How an D. What a( )10. _ interesting it is to go sailing in Qingdao in summer!A. What B. What anC. How D. How anBC( )11. _ wonderful concert they are putting on in the city square!A. How B. WhatC. What a D. What an( )12. _ honest man he is!A. What B. What anC. How D. How anCB