閱讀與理解(12)標題歸納題(濃縮主旨，確定標題)飲食隨著人們生活水平的提高，食物的內(nèi)容也越來越豐富，越來越多的人喜歡吃小食品，因此，飲食這一話題也是高考常涉及的話題之一。美文賞析Early this year lawmakers in Maine put forward a bill to make the whoopie pie their states official dessert.But now bakers in Pennsylvania are crying foul.They say the whoopie pie was invented in their state，not in Maine.Which state gets to call the tasty treat its own? A whoopie pie is like a cake sandwich：two small round chocolate cakes stuck together by a layer of soft vegetable frosting(糖霜)Many states have different official symbols，like state birds，state flowers，or even state fruits or vegetables.The official state vegetable of Texas is the sweet onion.In California, the states official marine fish is the colorful garibaldi.To make a new symbol official，state lawmakers have to pass a law.A law starts as a bill，or a proposed law.Then lawmakers vote for or against the bill.In Maine，if a majority vote in favor of a bill in both the State Senate and State House of Representatives，the bill becomes law. But first，lawmakers have to prove that a symbol belongs to their state.Congressman Paul Davis decided to write the whoopie bill after talking to enthusiastic foodlovers at last years Maine Whoopie Pie Festival.He thought making it Maines official treat would make his state proud.More than 4,000 Maine residents came out to eat whoopie pies that day.The state even celebrates Whoopie Pie Day each June.One bakery in Maine claims the pie has been baked in their ovens since 1925.But no one knows for sure which state made the treat first.Last month, protesters in Lancaster，Pennsylvania，gathered against Maines bill.“Generations and generations have been making and eating whoopie pies here in Lancaster，”one protester said.“My grandmother did in the 30s and 40s and her mother did before her.”Which state will win？Maines bill has not been signed into law yetbut no matter what happens，the whoopie pie is a winner in both states.【解題導語】緬因州和賓夕法尼亞州都宣稱無比派起源于該州，緬因州欲立法使這種美味成為它的標志物，然而賓夕法尼亞州表示強烈的抗議。一、閱讀與積累1攻克疑難詞匯put forward 提出symbol n象征，標志Space exploration provides a symbol of national pride.宇宙探索是引發(fā)民族自豪感的代表事物。proposed adj.提議的protester n抗議者2攻克疑難句Maines bill has not been signed into law yetbut no matter what happens，the whoopie pie is a winner in both states.結構分析本句是并列復合句。but連接前后兩個并列分句；在第二個分句中含有一個no matter what引導的讓步狀語從句。嘗試翻譯緬因州的法案還沒有簽署成法律但不管發(fā)生什么，無比派在這兩個州都是贏家。二、理解與嘗試命題1理解文章主旨The passage mainly tells us the_dabate_about_the_origin_of _the_whoopie_pie.2閱讀理解嘗試命題請根據(jù)閱讀理解文章標題題型的特點，試著給下面試題加上干擾項，然后叫你同桌試做一下。Whats the best title for the passage?A_B_CDebate on Origin of the Whoopie PieD_參考答案ADelicious Whoopie PieBStrange State Symbols in the USDFight Between Maine and Pennsylvania3解題技法點撥閱讀理解標題歸納題解題技巧：濃縮主旨，確定標題標題位于文章之首，用來高度概括文章內(nèi)容，點明文章主題。它是文章中心思想的最精練的表達形式。文章標題可以是單詞、短語，也可以是句子。標題可幫助讀者迅速推測出整篇文章的主要內(nèi)容，抓住文章討論的中心，把握作者的觀點和意圖。文章標題有以下特點：(1)醒目性強，短小精悍，多為一短語，而且能吸引讀者的注意力，喚起讀者的閱讀興趣；(2)涵蓋性強，一般要求能覆蓋全文，其確定的范圍要恰當，既不能太大，也不能太?。?3)精確性強，不能隨意改變語言表意的程度及色彩。真 題 典 例(2014南京模擬)Researchers at the National Museum of London have discovered what they believe to be the firstever recordings of a family Christmas.They were made 110 years ago by the Wall family who lived in North London.There are 24 clear recordings on wax cylinders(蠟筒唱片)which were made between 1902 and 1917.The sound quality of the music recorded is outstanding.Cromwell and Mini Wall had nine children，eight of whom appear on the earlier recordings made before WWI.What can be the best title for the passage?AThe Wall Family in North London Celebrated Christmas DayBEnglish Researchers Discovered the First Recordings of Christmas DayCCromwell Wall Made the First Recordings of Church Bells of New YearDEnglish Researchers Discovered the First Recordings in the World答案B標題概括題。根據(jù)新聞導語，即文章第一段可知，倫敦國家博物館的研究人員宣稱，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了第一張慶祝家庭圣誕節(jié)的錄音唱片，故B項為本文最佳標題。