專題十二特殊句式及其它專題十二特殊句式及其它怎么考此專題是語法填空及短文改錯(cuò)的冷考點(diǎn)，側(cè)重考查倒裝、強(qiáng)調(diào)及主謂一致。怎么學(xué)在平時(shí)的閱讀練習(xí)中，注意體會(huì)倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、省略句的用法。怎么解1.掌握基本句型，以不變應(yīng)萬變；2.拓寬思維，注意變式與特殊形式；3.辨別考查的綜合性和情景性。.體驗(yàn)考向單句語法填空1.(2015全國(guó)卷)This cycle_(go) day after day.2.(2015全國(guó)卷)Yangshuo _ (be) really beautiful.3.(2015湖南卷)It was when we were returning home _ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.4.(2015重慶卷)Bach died in 1750，but it was not until the early 19th century _ his musical gift was fully recognized.5.(2014全國(guó)卷)It_(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.6.(2014湖南卷)Only when you can find peace in your heart _ you keep good relationships with others.7.(2014陜西卷)No sooner_ Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.答案1.goes主語是this cycle，且此處表示目前的情況，所以用goes。2.is陽朔真的很漂亮。此處是客觀陳述，故應(yīng)該使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。3.that考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：正是當(dāng)我們回家的時(shí)候，我意識(shí)到幫助那些困難中的人是多么好的感受。4.that考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意：巴赫死于1750年，但直到19世紀(jì)初他的音樂才能才得到完全認(rèn)可。強(qiáng)調(diào)句式its.that.，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間狀語not until the early 19th century。5.was敘述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，因此用一般過去時(shí)，由于主語是It，因此此處謂語用was。6.will考查倒裝。句意：只有當(dāng)你能找到內(nèi)心的安寧時(shí)，你才能與他人保持良好的關(guān)系。題干為only狀語(從句)位于句首所引起的倒裝，主句應(yīng)用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，且根據(jù)語境，此處表將來的情況，故應(yīng)用將來時(shí)態(tài)。7.had考查倒裝。句意：莫言一登上舞臺(tái)，觀眾就報(bào)以雷鳴般的掌聲。no sooner.than.一就，no sooner所在的句子用過去完成時(shí)，位于句首時(shí)要把had提前構(gòu)成部分倒裝。 .考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)集訓(xùn)完成句子1.(2014大綱全國(guó)卷)Not only _(護(hù)士想) a pay increase，they want reduced hours as well.2.(2014湖南卷)Its not doing the things we like，but liking the things we have to do _(讓生活快樂).3.(2014福建卷)The climate here is quite pleasant，the temperature rarely，_(如果有)，reaching 30 in summer.4.(2013天津卷)_(直到將近信的結(jié)尾) she mentioned her own plan.5.(2013浙江卷)There are some health problems that，_(如果不及時(shí)處理)，can become bigger ones later on.6.(2013江西卷)_(如果有人要求) look after luggage for someone else，inform the police at once.7.When we _(的確犯錯(cuò)誤)，we must correct it fully，openly and as quickly as possible.8.At the top of the hill _(有個(gè)古老的小屋) which has a wonderful view of the whole city.答案1.do the nurses want2.that makes life happy3.if ever4.It was not until near the end of the letter that 5.when not treated in time 6.If asked to 7.do make a mistake8.lies an old cottage集訓(xùn)根據(jù)提示，完成下列短文，然后朗讀或背誦短文，體會(huì)特殊句式的用法。Every man and every woman here _1_ (have) a good reason to be proud of the work done by Mrs.Green.Every day after she went home，_2_ (如果不累) from work，she always helped in the kitchen.But today it seemed different.She was shut in._3_ (盡管努力) she might，she didnt open the door.She _4_ (的確希望) that someone could help her.She shouted forhelp as if _5_ (cry).For a moment nothing happened.Then _6_ (聲音傳來) all singing together.The door was opened，_7_ (跑進(jìn)來) his son.After that，she saw a big birthday cake on the table.Only then _8_ (她意識(shí)到) that it was her families _9_ shut the door on purpose in order to give her a surprising birthday party._10_ (多么令人難忘的生日) it was!答案1.has主謂一致。every.and every.的謂語用單數(shù)第三人稱。2.if not tired省略。if she was not tired。3.Try asas引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，應(yīng)采取倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。4.did hope強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。do，does，did謂語動(dòng)詞原形。5.crying省略。she was crying。6.came voices倒裝。表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或方位的副詞放在句首，且主語是名詞時(shí)，全部倒裝。7.in ran同第6題。8.did she realize倒裝。only修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語時(shí)，應(yīng)部分倒裝。9.that/who強(qiáng)調(diào)句。it was.that/who(人)。10.What an unforgettable birthday感嘆句。what(a/an)adj.n.主語謂語！知識(shí)胸有成竹一、強(qiáng)調(diào)的2種方式1.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)句型由“Itis/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who.”構(gòu)成，可以用來強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的主語、賓語、狀語；被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是指人的名詞或代詞時(shí)用who和that均可，其他情況一律用that。2.使用助動(dòng)詞do(does，did)強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào)句子謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)，將助動(dòng)詞do(does，did)置于動(dòng)詞原形之前，用來加強(qiáng)語氣。二、倒裝的兩種形式1.部分倒裝(1)表示否定意義的詞或短語置于句首時(shí)句子用部分倒裝。(2)not only.but (also).連接兩個(gè)分句，not only.置于句首時(shí)，前一個(gè)分句用部分倒裝。(3)在no sooner.than.，hardly(scarcely).when.結(jié)構(gòu)中，no sooner/hardly(scarcely)置于句首時(shí)，主句部分用部分倒裝，且用過去完成時(shí)，than/when后的句子用一般過去時(shí)。(4)在not.until.結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)not until.置于句首時(shí)，主句用部分倒裝。(5)only強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語置于句首時(shí)，主句用部分倒裝。(6)so，neither，nor置于句首表示前面的情況也適用于另一人或物時(shí)。(7)在so/such.that.句型中，so/such.置于句首時(shí)，主句用部分倒裝。(8)虛擬條件句中如果有were/had/should，省略連詞if時(shí)，were/had/should要提到主語之前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝。2.完全倒裝(1)表示地點(diǎn)、方位的詞(短語)，或there，here，now，then等置于句首，且主語是名詞時(shí)用完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。(2)主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的表語置于句首時(shí)。Present at the meeting were Professor Zhang and many other guests.三、省略的2個(gè)原則1.復(fù)合句中的省略在as if，if，though，when，where，while，no matter what，until等引導(dǎo)的從句中，若謂語部分含be動(dòng)詞，而主語又與主句的主語一致或從句主語是it時(shí)，從句的主語和謂語中的be動(dòng)詞可以一起省略。2.動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to的省略及不定式的省略在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中，感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞后接不定式作補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，往往將不定式符號(hào)to省略；在同一句話或同一情景對(duì)話中，當(dāng)同一動(dòng)作再次出現(xiàn)在后面的不定式位置上時(shí)，通常省略該動(dòng)作而保留不定式符號(hào)to。四、主謂一致3原則1.語法一致原則主語后跟有with，together with，as well as，like，but，except，along with，rather than，including，in addition to等引起的短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與前面的主語保持一致。2.就近一致原則由or，either.or.，neither.nor.，not only.but also.等連接的并列主語，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)常與最近的主語保持一致。3.意義一致原則由連詞and連接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出現(xiàn)(不可分割的整體)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.鋼鐵工業(yè)對(duì)我們的生活很重要。集訓(xùn)改寫句子1.I found it so difficult to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.(倒裝句)So difficult _ to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.2.I understood the question only after the teacher explained it to me a second time.(倒裝句)Only after the teacher explained it to me a second time _ the question.3.In the dark corner of the room，the cat jumped up and caught the mouse.(倒裝句)In the dark corner of the room，up _ and caught the mouse.4.I didnt realize it was already too late for us to return home until it grew dark.(倒裝句)(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)Not until it grew dark _ it was already too late for us to return home._ I realized that it was already too late for us to return home.5.He speaks French fluently，and his wife also speaks French fluently.(倒裝句)He speaks French fluently，_ his wife.6.The silence came then，each waiting for the other to let the cat out of the bag.(倒裝句)Then_，each waiting for the other to let the cat out of the bag.7.The parents didnt tolerate their kids rudeness at the party; they didnt allow themselves to be disobeyed，either.(倒裝句)The parents didnt tolerate their kids rudeness at the party; nor_ themselves to be disobeyed.8.The villagers found some strange creatures that they hadnt seen before in the lake.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)It was_ the villagers found some strange creatures that they hadnt seen before.答案1.did I find it2.did I understand3.jumped the cat4.did I realize；It was not until it grew dark that5.so does6.came the silence7.did they allow8.in the lake that集訓(xùn)奔向高考 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。A beggar found a leather purse that someone_1_(drop) in the marketplace._2_(open) it，he discovered that it contained 100 pieces of gold. Then he heard a merchant shouting，“A reward! A reward to the one who finds my leather purse！”Being_3_honest man，the beggar came forward. He handed the purse to the merchant saying，“Here is your purse. May I have the reward now？” “Reward？” scoffed the merchant，_4_(greedy) counting his gold. “Why？The purse I dropped had 200 pieces of gold in it. You have already stolen_5_(much) than the reward！You are a thief. Go away quickly_6_Ill call the police.”“Please believe in my_7_(honest) ，” said the beggar definitely. “If not，lets take this matter to the court.”In court the judge patiently listened to both_8_(side) of the story and said，“I believe you_9_.Justice is possible! Merchant，you stated that the purse you lost contained 200 pieces of gold. But the purse this beggar found had only 100 pieces of gold._10_，it couldnt be the one you lost.” And，with that，the judge gave the purse and all the gold to the beggar.【語篇解讀】本文通過講述一位乞丐撿到商人錢包后所發(fā)生的一系列事情，闡述了要誠實(shí)做人的道理。1.had dropped考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，應(yīng)該是錢包先掉在地上，然后才有人發(fā)現(xiàn)。句中found運(yùn)用了一般過去時(shí)，那么drop這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去的過去，故應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)。2.Opening考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。所給動(dòng)詞open和句子主語he之間為主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。在本句中，Opening it作時(shí)間狀語，相當(dāng)于When he opened it。3.an考查冠詞。對(duì)于純空格類的語法填空題，如果空格出現(xiàn)在名詞前面、系動(dòng)詞后面，很可能會(huì)填冠詞。句中空格前面為Being，空格后面為單數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)語境可知此處表示泛指概念，故應(yīng)用不定冠詞；又因?yàn)閔onest的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，故應(yīng)用an。4.greedily考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。句中counting為動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)用副詞修飾。所給單詞greedy為形容詞，表示“貪婪的”，以字母y結(jié)尾的形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞時(shí)往往將y變?yōu)閕再加ly。5.more考查形容詞比較級(jí)。要想正確解答此題，注意空格后面的than，因?yàn)閠han是比較級(jí)的標(biāo)志詞，much的比較級(jí)是more。此處表示你偷的錢比酬金多。6.or考查固定句型中的連詞?！捌硎咕鋋nd/or陳述句”是一個(gè)固定句型，其中祈使句相當(dāng)于條件句，后面的陳述句相當(dāng)于主句。此處表示快滾開，否則我就要叫警察了，故填or。7.honesty考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。對(duì)于純空格類的語法填空題，如果空格出現(xiàn)在及物動(dòng)詞、介詞以及物主代詞后，極有可能填名詞。文中所給單詞honest為形容詞，其名詞形式為honesty。此處表示請(qǐng)相信我的誠實(shí)。 8.sides考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。解答此題的關(guān)鍵是空格前面的both“兩者都”，由此可知，后面的名詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。9.both考查代詞的指代。上文表示在法庭上，法官耐心地聽取了雙方的陳述。那么根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，此處表示我相信你們雙方的話，故填both。10.Therefore考查副詞以及對(duì)上下文邏輯意義的理解?？崭袂懊嫣岬诫p方對(duì)錢包里面錢的金額的陳述不一致，后面提到乞丐撿到的錢包不可能是那位商人的，由此可看出空格前后之間為因果關(guān)系，故填Therefore。