第二部分 語法專題研究專題十一專題十一 動詞的語態(tài)動詞的語態(tài) (必考：必考： 每卷每卷1道，道，12分，單選、完成句子、短文填空分，單選、完成句子、短文填空) 中考試練中考試練【重慶【重慶7年真題年真題 (20102016)】 1. (2016 B卷卷37題題)Mom, where is my model plane? Oh, it _ to Jenny yesterday. A. is lent B. lends C. was lent D. lentC2. (2015 A卷卷37題題)How clean your car is! Thank you. It _ very often. A. is washed B. washes C. was washed D. washed3. (2015 B卷卷30題題)Our new library_ last year. We enjoy reading and studying in it. A. builds B. built C. is built D. was builtAD4. (2014 B卷卷33題題)Keep quiet, please! Talking _ during the meeting. A. is not allowed B. is allowed C. doesnt allow D. allows5. (2013 A卷卷33題題)A lot of trees _ around here every year, and we can enjoy fresher air now. A. were planted B. are planted C. will plant D. are plantingAB6. (2012年年33題題)Chinese _ by more and more people from all over the world today. A. learn B. learned C. is learned D. was learned7. (2010年年68題題)More and more people speak Chinese in the world. (改為被動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)) Chinese_ _ by more and more people in the world.Cisspoken【創(chuàng)新猜押】【創(chuàng)新猜押】 8. Now its much easier to shop online. When your order is ready, the things you want to buy _ to you soon. A. send B. were sent C. are sending D. will be sent 9. We _ to start at once, or we will miss the train. A. tell B. have told C. are told D. toldDC10. Everybody _ deeply after they heard the story. A. moves B. moved C. is moved D. was moved11. I havent finished my report yet. Youd better hurry up. It _ tomorrow. It is the deadline. A. may be handed in B. can hand in C. must be handed in D. should hand inDC12. Its a traditional custom in Tibet to drink the wine before the meal_ A. serves B. is served C. will be served D. servedB 滿分突破滿分突破 分析重慶近分析重慶近9年中考真題可知，動詞的語年中考真題可知，動詞的語態(tài)除態(tài)除2014年年A卷在短文填空中設題卷在短文填空中設題1道，道，2008年、年、2010年在完成句子中各設題年在完成句子中各設題1道外，其余每卷道外，其余每卷必在單項選擇中考查。且主要考查一般現(xiàn)在時必在單項選擇中考查。且主要考查一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，僅和一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，僅2009年考查了一年考查了一道含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。選項設置一般是道含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。選項設置一般是2個選項為主動，個選項為主動，2個選項為被動，且多綜合個選項為被動，且多綜合兩種時態(tài)的考查，較少涉及三種時態(tài)，且大兩種時態(tài)的考查，較少涉及三種時態(tài)，且大 多數(shù)設題有時間標志詞。多數(shù)設題有時間標志詞。 因此考生在解答此類試題時，首先需根因此考生在解答此類試題時，首先需根據(jù)關鍵詞據(jù)關鍵詞(時間狀語時間狀語)來判斷出時態(tài)；對于沒有來判斷出時態(tài)；對于沒有關鍵詞的試題，則要根據(jù)語境理解并結合常關鍵詞的試題，則要根據(jù)語境理解并結合常識進行判斷。其次，根據(jù)被動語態(tài)的基本結識進行判斷。其次，根據(jù)被動語態(tài)的基本結構，動作的承受者構，動作的承受者(動作的對象，多是名詞動作的對象，多是名詞)在在空前、實施者在空后空前、實施者在空后(有時也省略有時也省略)判斷出被動判斷出被動語態(tài)，然后直接選擇即可。語態(tài)，然后直接選擇即可。類別類別構成構成 例句例句一般現(xiàn)在時的被一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)動語態(tài)(8考考)am/is/are 過去分詞過去分詞He is loved by all his pupils. 他受所有學生的他受所有學生的愛戴。愛戴。一般過去時的一般過去時的被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)(5考考)was/were過去分詞過去分詞Many trees were planted last year.去年種了許多樹。去年種了許多樹。一般將來時的一般將來時的被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)will/shall/be going tobe過去分詞過去分詞Children will be taken good care of by her. 她她將悉心照顧孩子們。將悉心照顧孩子們。?？急粍诱Z態(tài)的構成?？急粍诱Z態(tài)的構成含情態(tài)動詞的含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)(2009年年35題題)can/must/shouldbe過去分詞過去分詞The problem must be solved soon.這個問題這個問題必須盡快解決。必須盡快解決。如何判斷使用被動語態(tài)如何判斷使用被動語態(tài) 1.主語是人，強調(diào)突出動作的承受者。如：主語是人，強調(diào)突出動作的承受者。如： When I got to the cinema, I was told that there was no ticket.當我到達電影院時，我被告當我到達電影院時，我被告知沒票了。知沒票了。 2. 主語為物，即將物提至句首，沒有必要主語為物，即將物提至句首，沒有必要強調(diào)說出動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。如：強調(diào)說出動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。如： These books are written for children. 這些這些書是為孩子們寫的。書是為孩子們寫的。 3. 當動作的執(zhí)行者是泛指時。如：當動作的執(zhí)行者是泛指時。如： Thousands of trees are planted every year.每年種植成千上萬棵樹。每年種植成千上萬棵樹。 4. 有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者時，用有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者時，用by人人(指動作的執(zhí)行者指動作的執(zhí)行者)。如：。如： We are all shocked by the news of his sudden death. 他的突然去世使我們大家都感他的突然去世使我們大家都感到震驚。到震驚。主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法 主動語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)：They planted a tree. 主語主語 謂語謂語 賓語賓語 被動語態(tài)：被動語態(tài)：A tree was planted by them. 賓語變賓語變 be+過去過去 主語變主語變 主語主語 分詞分詞 為為by