高中語法綜合高中語法綜合復(fù)習(xí)全解復(fù)習(xí)全解objectiveTo learn to use the verb phrases correctly【2011江蘇卷江蘇卷,28】Are you still mad at her?Not really, but I cant _ that her remarks hurt me.Adeny BrefuseCrejectDdecline【考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)】考查動(dòng)詞的辨析?？疾閯?dòng)詞的辨析。【解析解析】句意為句意為“你還生她的氣嗎？你還生她的氣嗎？不見得，但是我不否認(rèn)她的話傷害了不見得，但是我不否認(rèn)她的話傷害了我。我?！眃eny否認(rèn)，否定；否認(rèn)，否定；refuse，reject，decline都是拒絕的意思。都是拒絕的意思。not deny無法否認(rèn)。無法否認(rèn)。故選故選A?！?011湖北卷湖北卷,27】The minister said. “We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but well never_ with criminals.”A. negotiate B. quarrel C. argue D. consult【考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)】考查動(dòng)詞的辨析?？疾閯?dòng)詞的辨析?！窘馕鼋馕觥縩egotiate談判；談判；quarrel吵架，爭(zhēng)吵；吵架，爭(zhēng)吵；argue辯論，爭(zhēng)辯；辯論，爭(zhēng)辯；consult商議商議,咨詢。句意咨詢。句意為為“部長(zhǎng)說：部長(zhǎng)說：我們?cè)敢馀c任何合法黨派進(jìn)我們?cè)敢馀c任何合法黨派進(jìn)行討論，但我們決不與犯罪分子談判。行討論，但我們決不與犯罪分子談判?！薄?011安徽卷安徽卷, 34】If you _faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.A. come acrossB. care about C. look forD. focus upon【考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)】考查短語動(dòng)詞的辨析。考查短語動(dòng)詞的辨析。【解析解析】句意為句意為“如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)這輛自行車如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)這輛自行車有毛病但還是想要，你就要求這家商店的有毛病但還是想要，你就要求這家商店的營(yíng)業(yè)員減價(jià)。營(yíng)業(yè)員減價(jià)?！眂ome across偶然遇到；偶然遇到；care about關(guān)心，在乎；關(guān)心，在乎；look for尋找；尋找；focus upon專注于。專注于。 【2011江西卷江西卷35】You cant predict everything. Often things dont _ as you expect.A.run out B.break out C.work out D. put out.【考點(diǎn)】考查短語動(dòng)詞的辨析?！究键c(diǎn)】考查短語動(dòng)詞的辨析?！窘馕觥俊窘馕觥縭un out 耗盡耗盡；break out 打破打破；work out 算出，實(shí)現(xiàn)算出，實(shí)現(xiàn)；put out 撲滅。撲滅。句意句意為為“你你無法預(yù)言無法預(yù)言一切。事情常常不會(huì)像你一切。事情常常不會(huì)像你期待的那樣實(shí)現(xiàn)。期待的那樣實(shí)現(xiàn)。 10全國(guó)全國(guó)My mother opened drawer to _the knives and spoons.A. put away B. put up C. put on D. put together考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞組辨析。解析解析put away 放好放好, 收拾起來；收拾起來；put up舉起舉起, 搭建搭建, 張貼張貼, 掛起；掛起；put on 穿上穿上, 戴上；戴上；put together 組裝組裝, 裝配裝配, 把把湊合湊合起來起來動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語考點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語考點(diǎn) 1 1、系動(dòng)詞的比較；、系動(dòng)詞的比較；2 2、動(dòng)詞的及物與不及物；短暫性與持、動(dòng)詞的及物與不及物；短暫性與持續(xù)性；續(xù)性；3 3、意思相同或相近的動(dòng)詞比較；、意思相同或相近的動(dòng)詞比較；4 4、同一動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的不同詞組的用法比、同一動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的不同詞組的用法比較；較；5 5、意思相同或相近的動(dòng)詞短語的比較、意思相同或相近的動(dòng)詞短語的比較。分類分類功能及功能及構(gòu)成構(gòu)成例詞例詞例句例句備注備注實(shí)義實(shí)義動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 give, tell, send, etc. He gave me a present. 實(shí)義動(dòng)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞又可詞又可分為延分為延續(xù)性動(dòng)續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和非詞和非延續(xù)性延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 work, swim, arrive, etc. He arrived late. 及物動(dòng)及物動(dòng)詞賓詞賓語語不及物不及物動(dòng)詞后動(dòng)詞后不加賓不加賓語語系系動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞 本身有本身有詞義，詞義，不能單不能單獨(dú)用作獨(dú)用作謂語，謂語，必須跟必須跟表語構(gòu)表語構(gòu)成系表成系表結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu) be, remain, keep, stay, continue, stand, sit, lie, prove, turn out, work out, seem, appear He is a teacher.He always kept silent at meeting.The plan turned out a success.He seems (to be) very sad.The search proved difficult. 狀狀態(tài)態(tài)類類feel, smell, sound, taste, look This kind of cloth feels very soft.This flower smells very sweet. become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run, make The fish went bad.He became a doctor two years ago.She grew rich within a short time. 感感覺覺類類變變化化類類大部分大部分的表示的表示變化類變化類的系動(dòng)的系動(dòng)詞有進(jìn)詞有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，行時(shí)態(tài)，但所有但所有的系動(dòng)的系動(dòng)詞都沒詞都沒有被動(dòng)有被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞 be, have, do, shall和和 will的的各種形各種形式式 本身沒有詞義，本身沒有詞義，用以幫用以幫助構(gòu)成時(shí)態(tài)、助構(gòu)成時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、否定語態(tài)、否定句、疑問句、句、疑問句、倒裝句等結(jié)倒裝句等結(jié)構(gòu)。不可單構(gòu)。不可單獨(dú)使用，須獨(dú)使用，須與動(dòng)詞原形與動(dòng)詞原形或分詞構(gòu)成或分詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語復(fù)合謂語He doesnt like English.He did know that.I have bought a car.Do you like college life?Never will I come back. 情情態(tài)態(tài)動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞 can (could), may (might), shall (should), will (would), must, need, dare We cant carry the heavy box.He may come tomorrow.We must study hard. 無人稱和無人稱和數(shù)的變化。數(shù)的變化。表示說話表示說話人的情感、人的情感、態(tài)度、語態(tài)度、語氣、命令、氣、命令、推測(cè)等。推測(cè)等。必須和動(dòng)必須和動(dòng)詞原形連詞原形連用構(gòu)成謂用構(gòu)成謂語語(ought除外除外)1.The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt2. We had thought the examination would be difficult , but it _ easy.A.turned B. came C. appeared D. proved3. I cant see my old grandma _alone in the country, so Ill have her _ with me in the city.A. leave, stay B. left, stay C. leaving , to stay D. left, to stay4. When we saw the sun _ above the surface of the sea, the students let out a cry of joy.A. to raise B. to rise C. raising D. rising主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)類的動(dòng)詞主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)類的動(dòng)詞1) sell, wash, burn, cook, cut, drive, dress, play, last, open, write, start, run, read, act, draw, clean, wear, lock, shut, dry, eat, drink , burn +adv. (well, poorly, easily, smoothly, badly)Dry wood _(容易燃燒）容易燃燒） The cloth _(好洗）好洗）.3. Your composition _(讀起來讀起來很好）很好）except for a few spelling mistakes.（表示主語的特點(diǎn)、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)）（表示主語的特點(diǎn)、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)）burns easilywashes wellreads well1.-Have you got a ticket for the concert? -No, the tickets_ well and they _out last week. A. sell; were sold B. sell; sold C. sell; have been sold D. are sell; sold 2.It is said that the pen _ , so I bought one yesterday. A. writes well B. writes good C. is well written D. is good written2) need, want, require(要求，需要要求，需要), deserve(應(yīng)得，值得應(yīng)得，值得), be worth(值得值得)，后，后面接面接doing主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。The book is worth reading. These young seedlings will require/need looking after (=need to be looked after) carefully.Your hair wants/needs cutting (needs to be cut).3）有些動(dòng)詞）有些動(dòng)詞(短語短語)只有主動(dòng)形式，常只有主動(dòng)形式，常視為主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。視為主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。take place, happen, break out等。等。A big fire happened/took place/broke out last night.動(dòng)詞短語的要點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞短語的要點(diǎn) Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left. 哈里在晚會(huì)后人們都已離去時(shí)才出現(xiàn)。哈里在晚會(huì)后人們都已離去時(shí)才出現(xiàn)。 動(dòng)詞短語是指動(dòng)詞和介詞、副詞或名詞的動(dòng)詞短語是指動(dòng)詞和介詞、副詞或名詞的習(xí)慣搭配。需掌握以下要點(diǎn)：習(xí)慣搭配。需掌握以下要點(diǎn)：1根據(jù)動(dòng)詞短語的不同特點(diǎn)，掌握其運(yùn)根據(jù)動(dòng)詞短語的不同特點(diǎn)，掌握其運(yùn)用規(guī)律。用規(guī)律。(1)動(dòng)詞副詞動(dòng)詞副詞(不及物不及物)Please turn every light in the house off. 請(qǐng)把房子里的每一盞燈都關(guān)掉。請(qǐng)把房子里的每一盞燈都關(guān)掉。(2) 動(dòng)詞副詞動(dòng)詞副詞(及物及物)如果賓語是人稱如果賓語是人稱代詞代詞，只能放在動(dòng)詞，只能放在動(dòng)詞和副詞之間。和副詞之間。She gave them away. 她把它們送人了。她把它們送人了。(3)動(dòng)詞介詞動(dòng)詞介詞(及物及物)Im looking for my glasses.我在找我的眼鏡。我在找我的眼鏡。注意：注意：當(dāng)它跟賓語時(shí)，不能把介詞放在當(dāng)它跟賓語時(shí)，不能把介詞放在賓語后面。賓語后面。動(dòng)詞短語可以放在句子或從句末尾動(dòng)詞短語可以放在句子或從句末尾Shes got more work than she can cope with. 她的工作多得使她應(yīng)付不了。她的工作多得使她應(yīng)付不了。 (4)動(dòng)詞副詞介詞動(dòng)詞副詞介詞I look forward to seeing you soon. 我盼望不久就能見到你。我盼望不久就能見到你。注意：注意：“動(dòng)詞介詞動(dòng)詞介詞”、“動(dòng)詞名詞副動(dòng)詞名詞副詞詞”、“動(dòng)詞副詞介詞動(dòng)詞副詞介詞”，這三種搭配，這三種搭配都是及物的，如變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)，不可漏掉介都是及物的，如變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)，不可漏掉介詞。詞。In this way both grain and vegetable can be well looked after. (不能漏掉不能漏掉after)這樣一來，糧食和蔬菜都能兼顧了這樣一來，糧食和蔬菜都能兼顧了。 （5）動(dòng)詞）動(dòng)詞 + 名詞名詞 + 介詞介詞You should make full use of your time.(6) 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 + 名詞名詞Great changes are taking place in our life.1. lay(放放), lie(躺躺)與與lie(說謊說謊)：這三個(gè)易混：這三個(gè)易混動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成見下表：動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成見下表：He lied to me that he had finished his homework.他向我撒謊說完成作業(yè)了。他向我撒謊說完成作業(yè)了。He laid the baby on the bed.他把嬰兒放在床上。他把嬰兒放在床上。 2. rise和和raise：rise是不及物動(dòng)詞，其是不及物動(dòng)詞，其過去式是過去式是rose，過去分詞是，過去分詞是risen，而，而raise是及物動(dòng)詞，是規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。是及物動(dòng)詞，是規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。 3. hang的用法：的用法：hang有兩個(gè)意思：一有兩個(gè)意思：一為為“懸掛懸掛”，是不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，過去式、過，是不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，過去式、過去分詞都是去分詞都是hung；二為；二為“絞刑絞刑”，是規(guī)則，是規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，其過去式、過去分詞都是動(dòng)詞，其過去式、過去分詞都是hanged。 4sit與與seat：seat為及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)是作為及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)是作“容納容納”講，講，sit只是表示一動(dòng)作。只是表示一動(dòng)作。seat表表示示“就座就座”時(shí)要用時(shí)要用be seated 或用或用seat oneself。如：。如：They were seated at their desks.或或I seated myself in the armchair. The river has risen by several metres.河水上漲了好幾米。河水上漲了好幾米。Its difficult raising a family on a small income.依靠微薄的收入是很難養(yǎng)家的。依靠微薄的收入是很難養(yǎng)家的。He hung his clothes on the wall.他把衣服掛在墻上。他把衣服掛在墻上。The murderer was hanged and the dead was avenged.殺人犯被絞死了，為死者報(bào)了仇。殺人犯被絞死了，為死者報(bào)了仇。4可用于可用于“動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞sb.of sth.”的常用動(dòng)的常用動(dòng)詞詞accuse(控告控告)，cheat(欺騙欺騙)，cure(治愈治愈)，inform(通知通知)，remind(提醒提醒)，rid(擺脫擺脫)，rob(搶劫搶劫)， warn(警告警告)This photo reminds me of my school days.這張照片使我想起了學(xué)校生活。這張照片使我想起了學(xué)校生活。The people of the town were warned of the danger of flooding.該鎮(zhèn)居民被警告有洪水危險(xiǎn)。該鎮(zhèn)居民被警告有洪水危險(xiǎn)。5可用于可用于“動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞sb.for doing sth.” 的常用動(dòng)詞的常用動(dòng)詞blame(指責(zé)指責(zé))，criticise(批評(píng)批評(píng))，forgive(原原諒諒)，excuse(原諒原諒)，pardon(原諒原諒)，punish(懲罰懲罰)，scold(指責(zé)指責(zé))，thank(感謝感謝)Forgive me for saying so，but I think thats nonsense.原諒我這樣說，但是我認(rèn)為沒意義。原諒我這樣說，但是我認(rèn)為沒意義。I dont blame you for doing that.我不責(zé)備你做了那事。我不責(zé)備你做了那事。1常用短語常用短語(1) base.on. (2) care about (3) cheer up(4) carry out (5) catch up with(6) date back to/from(7) hold back (8) knock down (9) lay aside(10) work out把把建立在建立在基礎(chǔ)上基礎(chǔ)上在乎，計(jì)較，介意在乎，計(jì)較，介意高興起來，振作起來高興起來，振作起來實(shí)施，完成實(shí)施，完成趕上趕上追溯至，始于追溯至，始于阻擋，忍住，保留，隱瞞阻擋，忍住，保留，隱瞞撞倒，擊倒撞倒，擊倒把把擱置一旁，儲(chǔ)存擱置一旁，儲(chǔ)存算出，制定出算出，制定出2與不同介詞與不同介詞(副詞副詞)搭配的動(dòng)詞搭配的動(dòng)詞breakbreak away from break down break into break out break in break off break throughbreak up 脫離脫離壞掉，出故障；垮掉壞掉，出故障；垮掉闖入，破門而入闖入，破門而入(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng))爆發(fā)爆發(fā)破門而入破門而入打斷，中斷打斷，中斷逾越，突破；沖破逾越，突破；沖破打碎；打碎；(物理物理)分解；分開；結(jié)束；制止分解；分開；結(jié)束；制止callcall for call on/at call in call upcall off需要；邀請(qǐng)需要；邀請(qǐng)?zhí)栒?；訪問號(hào)召；訪問召集；召來召集；召來召喚，召集；打電話召喚，召集；打電話取消取消comecome about come across come to come true come up come up with come into being發(fā)生發(fā)生偶遇偶遇共計(jì)，達(dá)到，蘇醒共計(jì)，達(dá)到，蘇醒變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)走上前，被提出走上前，被提出提出提出形成形成get get about get across get away get downget in get off get together get through get down to get over get along/on with四處走動(dòng)；傳開四處走動(dòng)；傳開傳達(dá)傳達(dá)逃脫，設(shè)法離開逃脫，設(shè)法離開下來；記下下來；記下收割；到達(dá)收割；到達(dá)出發(fā)；下班出發(fā)；下班聚會(huì)聚會(huì)接通；通過接通；通過開始認(rèn)真干開始認(rèn)真干克服克服進(jìn)展；相處進(jìn)展；相處givegive up give in give out give awaygive off give back放棄放棄屈服屈服用盡；分發(fā)用盡；分發(fā)泄露；贈(zèng)送；頒發(fā)泄露；贈(zèng)送；頒發(fā)發(fā)出發(fā)出歸還，使恢復(fù)歸還，使恢復(fù)gogo against go aheadgo after/for go withoutgo in for go through go over go by違背；對(duì)違背；對(duì)不利不利開始，進(jìn)展，進(jìn)行開始，進(jìn)展，進(jìn)行追逐，追求追逐，追求勉強(qiáng)維持；湊合勉強(qiáng)維持；湊合愛好，參加，從事愛好，參加，從事通過；經(jīng)歷通過；經(jīng)歷復(fù)習(xí)；仔細(xì)審查復(fù)習(xí)；仔細(xì)審查過去，經(jīng)過過去，經(jīng)過holdhold back hold out hold up hold on hold together hold on to隱瞞；控制隱瞞；控制(情感情感)維持；抵抗；硬撐維持；抵抗；硬撐使使耽擱耽擱堅(jiān)持；別掛堅(jiān)持；別掛(電話電話)團(tuán)結(jié)一致團(tuán)結(jié)一致保留，抓住不放保留，抓住不放makemake up for make out make fun of make up ones mind make sense make good/full use of.make up補(bǔ)償，彌補(bǔ)補(bǔ)償，彌補(bǔ)辨認(rèn)出辨認(rèn)出取笑取笑下定決心下定決心有道理有道理(意義意義)，講得通，講得通充分利用充分利用編造；組成；構(gòu)成；補(bǔ)齊；湊足編造；組成；構(gòu)成；補(bǔ)齊；湊足putput aside put away put down put forward put off put out put up with put up 把把放在一邊放在一邊把把收好收好撲滅，平息撲滅，平息提出提出延期；推諉延期；推諉撲滅；生產(chǎn)撲滅；生產(chǎn)忍受，容忍忍受，容忍掛起，張貼；搭起；為某人提供食宿掛起，張貼；搭起；為某人提供食宿turnturn down turn in turn out turn over turn up turn off turn on turn away turn to拒絕；調(diào)低拒絕；調(diào)低上交上交結(jié)果是，證明是結(jié)果是，證明是移交，交給移交，交給出現(xiàn)；調(diào)高出現(xiàn)；調(diào)高關(guān)掉關(guān)掉打開打開走開走開求助于；翻到求助于；翻到Individual activity1. William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to .(2011 全國(guó)全國(guó))A.disappear B.fall C.fail D.damage2. Mary, I_John of his promise to help you. (2011 全國(guó)全國(guó))A. told B. reminded C. warned D. advised3. I a bank account after I made1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation. (2011 天津天津)A.borrowed B.opened C.entered D.ordered4. Are you still mad at her?Not really, but I cant _ that her remarks hurt me. (2011 江蘇江蘇)Adeny BrefuseCrejectDdecline5. Id prefer to my judgement until I find all the evidence. (2011 福建福建)A.show B. express C.pass D.reserve6. As the story_, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered. (2011 安徽安徽)A. begins B. happens C. ends D. develops7. Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also_ our thinking. (2011 湖北湖北)A. direct B. limit C. change D. improve8. The minister said. “We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but well never_ with criminals.” (2011 湖北湖北)A. negotiate B. quarrel C. argue D. consult9. Clinical evidence began to_, suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals. (2011 湖北湖北)A. operate B. strenghten C. approve D. accumulate10.What are you doing out of bed, Tom? Youre _ to be asleep. (2011 遼寧遼寧)A. supposed B. known C. thought D. considered11.I can the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean. (2011 全國(guó)全國(guó))A. come up with B.put up with C. turn to D.stick to1.這所學(xué)校并不是我原來真正想去的，但這所學(xué)校并不是我原來真正想去的，但我現(xiàn)在想盡量好好利用它了。我現(xiàn)在想盡量好好利用它了。(make the best of )2.如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)這輛自行車有毛病但還是想如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)這輛自行車有毛病但還是想要，你就要求這家商店的營(yíng)業(yè)員減價(jià)。要，你就要求這家商店的營(yíng)業(yè)員減價(jià)。(come across)3.出身在一個(gè)三兄弟家庭，出身在一個(gè)三兄弟家庭，David受到了受到了要看重與人分享的教育。要看重與人分享的教育。 (bring up)1. The school isnt the one I really wanted to go to ,but I suppose Ill just have to make the best of it,2. If you come across faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price. 3. Born into a family with three brothers, David was brought up to value the sense of sharing.Translation4. 他決定一路駕車回家，不在旅館留宿。他決定一路駕車回家，不在旅館留宿。(put up)5. 一些昆蟲為了保護(hù)自己，讓自己的體一些昆蟲為了保護(hù)自己，讓自己的體色與其周圍環(huán)境的顏色相似。色與其周圍環(huán)境的顏色相似。(take on)6.政府已經(jīng)采取措施來降低日常生活用政府已經(jīng)采取措施來降低日常生活用品的價(jià)格以保持市場(chǎng)的穩(wěn)定。品的價(jià)格以保持市場(chǎng)的穩(wěn)定。(bring down ) 5. Some insects take on the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves. 4. He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night.6. The government has taken measures to bring down the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.1.take place, happen, _只有主動(dòng)形式。只有主動(dòng)形式。2. lay lie 放放躺，說謊躺，說謊break out