第17課 八年級下冊UNITS 78重點(diǎn)詞匯與短語 1. return 觀察思考 Please return the book to the library on time. 請及時把書歸還給圖書館。 When would you like to return? 你想要什么時候回來/去？ 歸納拓展 return 動詞， 意為“還”時相當(dāng)于give.back；意為“返回”時相當(dāng)于come/go.back。 即學(xué)即用1： ( )When the hero _ his hometown, most people came to meet him. A. returned back to B. returned to C. went back D. came back B 2. allow 觀察思考 My parents allow me to see the films with my friends on weekends. 我的父母允許我周末與朋友去看電影。 In our school, boys are not allowed to have long hair. 在我們學(xué)校男生不允許留長發(fā)。 歸納拓展 allow 動詞，意為“允許”。 allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事。 be allowed to do sth. 被允許做某事。 即學(xué)即用2： ( )(1)My parents _ me to stay out before 10 00 pm at weekends. You are lucky. I must be back home at 9 00 pm. A. ask B. want C. allow D. tell ( )(2)I think teenagers should _ choose their own clothes. A. allow B. allow to C. be allowed D. be allowed toCD 3. instead 觀察思考 Jim didnt buy himself anything. Instead, he bought his mother a scarf. 吉姆沒給自己買任何東西，而給他的媽媽買了一條圍巾。 At last I decided to cook at home instead of eating outside. 最終我決定在家燒飯，而不在外面吃。 歸納拓展 instead 副詞，意為“代替；而不是”。常放在句首或句尾，放在句首常用逗號與句子隔開。 instead of 后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞，意為“代替；而不是”。 即學(xué)即用3： (1)If you have no cream, you can use milk . (2) going out, he invited his friends to his home.insteadInstead of 4. encourage 觀察思考 This kind of contest encourages people in China to speak English. 這種演講鼓勵了中國人講英語。 歸納拓展 encourage動詞，意為“鼓勵”，后接動詞不定式。encourage sb.(not)to do sth. 鼓勵某人(不)去干某事。 類似用法的詞有：tell(告訴)，invite(邀請)，allow(允許), ask(請求), want(想要), afford(付得起)，decide(決定)，help(幫助)，hope(希望)，learn(學(xué)會)，plan(計(jì)劃)，pretend(假裝)，seem(覺得好像)，promise(答應(yīng))，refuse(拒絕), wish(希望)，expect(預(yù)料；盼望；認(rèn)為)，happen(碰巧)。 即學(xué)即用4： (1)When I failed, he always encouraged me (try) again. (2)They decided (tell) me the truth. ( )(3)Do you think Brazil will beat Japan in the next match？ Yes, they have better players, so I _ them to win. (2011煙臺) A . hope B. except C. expect D. preferto tryto tellC重點(diǎn)句型 Would you mind cleaning your room? 典例體驗(yàn) Would you mind moving your bike? 你介意移一下你的自行車嗎？ Sorry, Ill do it right away. 對不起，我馬上去做。 We dont mind how far we have to go. 我們不介意我們得去多遠(yuǎn)。歸納拓展 mind 動詞，意為“介意”，后接名詞，代詞，動詞ing或從句。Would you mind doing sth. 意為“你介意做某事嗎？”或“請做某事好嗎？”，用來表示客氣的請求或提出建議等。Would you mind ones/賓格代詞doing sth.? 你介意某人做某事嗎？Would/Do you mind if 從句？你介意嗎？如果若表示不介意，其答語為：Certainly not./Of course not./Not at all。若表示介意或不希望對方做某事則用：Sorry, but./Better not.Would you mind not doing sth.? 意為“請你不要做某事好嗎？”表示對別人的委婉批評或建議。其答語常為：Sorry, I wont do it again. 即學(xué)即用5： ( )(1)Do you mind if I turn on the TV? _. My father is sleeping.(2011重慶) A. Better not B. Not at all C. No, I dont mind D. Thats all right ( )(2)Would you mind _ your car in front of my store. Sorry, Ill drive it away in a minute. A. no parking B. not parking C. parking D. parkAB ( )(3)Would you mind _ here? Better not. A. no smoking B. not smoking C. my smoking D. smokeC 2. Why dont you get her a scarf? 典例體驗(yàn) What a sunny day! Why not go for a walk? 多么晴朗的天氣，為什么不出去散步呢？歸納拓展Why not do.？Why dont you do.？是提建議的一種表達(dá)方式。類似的表達(dá)方式有：Shall we do sth.?Lets do sth.Would you like sth./to do sth.?Will/Could you please do sth.?How/What about sth./doing sth.?Youd better do sth.You should/must/have to.其肯定答語為Good idea！/ OK. / Wonderful！/ Great！ / Sounds good等；其否定答語為Sorry, but.等。 即學(xué)即用6： ( ) _ go and ask our teacher? Thats a good idea. A. How about B. Lets C. Why dont D. Why not D易混辨異 1. noise, voice, sound 觀察思考 Dont make so much noise! 別那么大聲喧嘩！ We should speak in a low voice in public. 在公共場合，我應(yīng)該低聲說話。 Sound travels fast, but light travels faster. 聲音傳播的速度很快，但光的速度更快。歸納拓展三者都為名詞，都含有聲音的意思。noise 指嘈雜聲，噪音大的吵雜聲。voice是指人說話的聲音，嗓音，嗓子。sound是指耳朵能夠聽到的聲音、鬧聲等。它是表示聲音的最普通的詞(自然界的風(fēng)聲，水聲等)。有時還用作科學(xué)上的聲音。即學(xué)即用7：(1)I didnt recognize Johns on the telephone.(2)I couldnt stand the , I almost woke up all night. (3)Listen, the birds are singing in the tree, the is so beautiful.voicenoisesound 2. feed, keep 觀察思考 Can you help me feed my dog while Im out. 當(dāng)我外出的時候，你能幫我喂一下我的狗嗎？ I want to keep a hamster, but my mother thinks its too noisy. 我想要養(yǎng)一只倉鼠，但是我媽媽認(rèn)為它太吵了。 歸納拓展 feed動詞，意為“喂養(yǎng)、飼養(yǎng)”，指具體的喂養(yǎng)動作。 keep 動詞，意為“飼養(yǎng)，喂養(yǎng)”，可用于養(yǎng)家畜、寵物。 即學(xué)即用8： (1)He the meat to his dog. (2)Some people like to snakes as their pets.fedkeep 3. advice, suggestion 觀察思考 Please give me some advice on how to learn English well. 請給我一些如何學(xué)好英語的建議。 Some students had more specific suggestions. 一些學(xué)生有更具體的建議。 歸納拓展 都意為“建議”。advice不可數(shù)名詞；suggestion可數(shù)名詞。 即學(xué)即用9： ( )I want to change my hairstyle, can you give me _？ A. some advices B. some suggestions C. some suggestion D. an adviceB 4. hear, hear of/about, hear from 觀察思考 I often hear him sing in the next room. 我常聽他在隔壁唱歌。 I heard that he would come to China next week. 我聽說他下星期會來中國。 I dont know the writer, but I have heard of him. 我不認(rèn)識這位作家，但是聽說過他。 I havent heard from him for a long time. 我好長時間沒收到他的來信了。歸納拓展hear 意為“聽見”。hear sb. do sth. 聽見某人做某事，hear sb. doing sth. 聽見某人正在做某事。hear that從句 表示直接聽到或聽說。hear of/about “聽說， 聽到”。hear from “收到的來信”， 相當(dāng)于get a letter from sb. 或receive a letter from sb.。 即學(xué)即用10： (1)Listen, can you hear someone (play) basketball outside. (2)I (hear) that we would have seven days off the next month. (3)The man was heard (argue) with his wife last night. (4)We are all glad to (聽說)your success. (5)He has been away for three months. Have you ever (收到來信) him?playingheardto arguehear ofheard from 5. except, besides 觀察思考 Everyone else in my class was invited except me, and I dont know why. 全班除了我以外的其他人都被邀請了，我不知道為什么。 There are many people visiting the museum besides us. 除了我們外，還有很多人參觀博物館。 歸納拓展 Except是指不包括后面所提人或物在內(nèi)的“除了”，可以理解為“撇開不談”。 besides是包括后面所提人或物在內(nèi)的“除了”，可以理解為“除之外還”。 即學(xué)即用11： (1)Last Sunday Class Three went to the farm Joan. She had to look after her sister at home. (2) English, they have to learn another foreign language.exceptBesides 6. drop, fall 觀察思考 If I drop this glass, it will break. 如果我把杯子掉下，它就會摔碎。 Dont drop, youll succeed. 別放棄，你會成功的。 Tears began to fall down my face. 眼淚開始從我的臉上滾落下來。歸納拓展drop 動詞，意為“落下”?？芍赣幸庑袨?，也可指無意行為。當(dāng)表示無意行為時可與fall互換。drop 又可意為“放棄”give up。Fall 多指由于身體失去平衡或某種原因而向下墜落，多為無意行為。drop 名詞，意為“(液體)滴”。 即學(xué)即用12： ( )Jim _ off his bike on his way home. Luckily, he didnt hurt badly. A. dropped B. drops C. fell D. fallC對點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練. 單詞拼寫 1. Thank you for giving us so many good (建議) 2. She enjoys the country life, away from city (吵鬧) 3. He is busy (除之外) Sunday. You can visit him on that day. 4. The zoo keeper asks the tourists not to (喂) the animals. 5. She invited John to the party, but his brother Bill came (代替)suggestionsnoiseexceptfeedinstead . 單項(xiàng)選擇 ( )1. Its too late to invite any more people. _，you know how Tim hates parties. (2011杭州) A. Besides B. However C. Still D. Instead 解析：考查副詞。下文：“蒂姆多么討厭晚會”也是上文建議 “不要邀請更多的人”的原因。故“besides除此之外，況 且”符合題意。A ( )2. Nick, would you mind _ those old jeans? They look terrible.(2011杭州) A. not to wear B. not wear C. wearing not D. not wearing 解析：考查固定用法。would you mind not doing.？ 意為“你介意不要(做)嗎”。D ( )3. Personally, I dont quite agree that people _ dangerous animals as pets. (2011麗水) A. depend B. afford C. keep D. follow 解析：考查動詞辨析。下文as pets做為寵物，判斷此處應(yīng) 為keep飼養(yǎng)。C ( )4. What a nice day! We should go sightseeing _ watching TV in the hotel.(2011安徽) A. because of B. instead of C. together with D. out of 解析：考查短語辨析。句意：多么好的天氣??！我們應(yīng)該 去觀光，而不是呆在旅館里看電視。 “instead of而不是” 符合題意。B ( )5. Would you like to have a picnic with us this Sunday? Sorry, I _ to go out this Sunday, because I failed in the math test yesterday. A. wont allow B. wont be allowed C. am allowed D. will allow 解析：考查動詞語態(tài)。句意：抱歉，這個星期天我將不被允許 出去，因?yàn)槲易蛱斓臄?shù)學(xué)考試失敗了。一般將來時的被動語 態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)為will be done。B ( )6. Chinese athletes did a great job in the Winter Olympics in Canada. It can encourage post90s(90后) _. A. work harder B. worked harder C. working harder D. to work harder 解析：考查動詞不定式。encourage sb. to do sth.鼓勵某人 做某事。D ( )7. Would you mind my using your dictionary? _. A. Yes, please B. Of course not C. You are welcome D. My pleasure 解析：考查交際用語。對“Would you mind doing .？” 表不介意的應(yīng)答可用“Of course not”。B ( )8. I thought you had _ English. No, it has been useful in my work. A. studied B. dropped C. failed D. passed 解析：考查動詞辨析。句意：我認(rèn)為你已經(jīng)放棄英語了。 不，它已經(jīng)在我的工作中發(fā)揮作用了。 “drop放棄”符合 題意。B ( )9.What _ do you have for Paul? I think he should study harder than before. A. news B. advice C. help D. information 解析：考查名詞辨析。下文：我認(rèn)為他應(yīng)該比以前更 努力學(xué)習(xí)?？膳袛啻颂幪畹膽?yīng)是“advice建議”。B ( )10. The music made me think of the _ of a running stream. A. shout B. noise C. voice D. sound 解析：考查名詞辨析。下文：小溪流水的聲音。 sound指自然界的聲音，符合題意。D ( )11. Tom, what are you doing there? Listen, Dad! Can you hear somebody _ upstairs. A. going B. goes C. go D. to go 解析：考查固定用法。句意：聽，爸爸，你能聽見有人 正在上樓嗎？hear sb. doing聽見某人正在做某事。A ( )12. He _ home so late that his father was angry last night. A. gave back B. returned back C. brought back D. got back 解析：考查短語辨析。句意：昨晚他回家太遲了，他的爸爸 很生氣。return 回來，后不能接back；“get back (home) 回家”符合題意。D ( )13. Lets go and enjoy the sunshine. _. Its boring to stay at home. A. Sounds great B. Not at all C. Forget it D. No way 解析：考查交際用語。同意別人的建議可用Sounds great。A ( )14. Hi, Steve! Our teacher told us _ an electric bike. Its too dangerous. Im sorry. I wont do it again. A. to ride B. not ride C. not to ride D. to not ride 解析：考查固定用法。由下文dangerous可知應(yīng)該用tell sb. not to do sth. 告訴某人不要做某事。故選C。C寫作訓(xùn)練 感悟提高 (2011寧波)為了使同學(xué)們更加健康快樂地成長，學(xué)校決定向同學(xué)們征求建議。假如你是劉波，用英語向校長寫一篇80個詞左右的建議信。注意：文中應(yīng)包含所有要點(diǎn)，并適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的校名和姓名。開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Suggestions for a Better School Lifeour schoolour teachersopen the library more oftenorganize more afterclass activitiesgive us more time for sportsorganize fewer examsmake classes more interestingtalk less but more clearly in classfinish classes on timegive us less homework.Dear Headmaster， Im very glad to write a letter to you. These days we are talking about how to have a better school life. Here are some of my suggestions. First, I hope our school will _ Hope my suggestions will be helpful. Thanks for reading my letter! Yours sincerely， Liu Bo 思路點(diǎn)撥 這是一封建議信。由于信的開頭與結(jié)尾都已給出，根據(jù)表格提示正文內(nèi)容可分為兩部分。第一部分寫給校方，第二部分寫給老師們。注意運(yùn)用不同的句式。 參考短語及句式 First，. Next. As for teachers. I think our school can. I hope. I suggest. If they., we will. Please. Its better to. 參考答案Dear Headmaster， Im very glad to write a letter to you. These days we are talking about how to have a better school life. Here are some of my suggestions. First, I hope our school will open the library more often. Second, I think our school can organize more afterclass activities. Next I hope our school will give us more time for sports, art and music. And I suggest our school organize fewer exam as well. As for our teachers, I hope they will be our friends and make classes more interesting. And if they can talk less but more clearly in class, we will be more interested in studying and have more time to practice. Whats more, I hope they will give us less homework and finish classes on time. Hope my suggestions will be helpful. Thanks for reading my letter! Yours sincerely， Liu Bo完成考點(diǎn)跟蹤訓(xùn)練 17