第9課 八年級(jí)上冊UNITS 34重點(diǎn)詞匯與短語 decide 觀察思考 He thought about going to Greece or Spain, but decided on Canada. 他考慮過去希臘或西班牙，但決定去加拿大。 They decided to start off at once. 他們決定馬上出發(fā)。 I cant decide what to do. 我不能決定該干什么。歸納拓展decide 動(dòng)詞，意為“決定”；名詞形式為decision，make a decision 做決定。decide on sth. 就某事決定。decide to do sth. 決定做某事。后可接“ 特殊疑問詞動(dòng)詞不定式”作賓語。 即學(xué)即用1： (1)They fly kite on weekend. 他們決定在周末去放風(fēng)箏。 (2)Betty the red skirt. 貝蒂選定了那條紅裙子。decided todecides on 2. leave 觀察思考 We left Shanghai for Beijing two years ago. 我們兩年前離開上海去了北京。 Mr. Li, I left a book at your home yesterday. 李先生，我昨天落了一本書在你家里。 I have little money left. 我?guī)缀鯖]剩下多少錢了。 歸納拓展leave動(dòng)詞，意為“離開；把留下，剩下”。leave for意思是“前往”，for后的地點(diǎn)是表示要去的目的地。leave sth. sp.把某物忘在某處。have sth. left 剩下某物。相關(guān)短語： leave one by oneself把某人獨(dú)自留下； leave a message留口信。leaves 又可作為leaf(樹葉)的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 即學(xué)即用2： ( )(1)Chen Guangbiao says he _ all his money to charities when he dies. (2011臨沂) A. leaves B. left C. will leave D. would leave (2)We will Beijing next month. Well have a meeting there. Cleave for3. finish doing觀察思考 I just finish making my last movie. 我剛剛完成上部影片的拍攝。歸納拓展 finish動(dòng)詞，意為“完成，結(jié)束”，后跟名詞或 ving形式。表示“完成某事；做完某事”。 用法類似的詞有：enjoy，practice，mind，keep，suggest，consider，look forward to等。 即學(xué)即用3： ( )I didnt finish _ my test because I ran out of time. A. write B. to write C. to writing D. writingD 4. go bike riding 觀察思考 I often go bike riding with my friends on sundays. 星期天我通常和朋友們一起去騎車兜風(fēng)。 Its too hot. Lets go swimming this afternoon. 太熱了，我們下午去游泳吧。 歸納拓展 go現(xiàn)在分詞，表示“要進(jìn)行某種活動(dòng)”。 常見短語有：go boating去劃船，go fishing去釣魚，go climbing去爬山，go sightseeing去觀光，go hiking去徒步旅行。 即學(xué)即用4： Hangzhou is a good place to . 杭州是一個(gè)觀光的好地方。 go sightseeing 5. it 觀察思考 It is 5 kilometers away. 有5公里遠(yuǎn)。 Whats this? Its an apple. 這是什么？這是蘋果。 Its very cold today. 今天天氣很冷。 Its 5：00. 五點(diǎn)了。 Who is knocking on the door? I think its Jim. 誰在敲門？我猜是吉姆。 Its not a good idea for students to copy others homework. 對學(xué)來說，抄別人的作業(yè)不是一個(gè)好主意。 She finds it much better to do her own work. 她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己做作業(yè)要好得多。 It was a watch that I received on my tenth birthday. 我十歲生日那天收到是一塊手表。歸納拓展it用作實(shí)詞，表達(dá)以下概念：指代前文提到的事物；指代前文中的this, that；替代前文中的內(nèi)容；指代一位性別不明的小孩或未知的人；指代未指明但談話雙方都知道的那件事；指代時(shí)間、天氣、氣候、距離等自然現(xiàn)象。it 作形式主語或形式賓語。it 用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型(It.that.)。 即學(xué)即用5： (1)How old is the baby? is about eight months. (2) was wet all day yesterday. (3)She found easy to finish all the exercises. (4)It was a dictionary I found on the playground yesterday.ItItitthat重點(diǎn)句型 1. How far is it from his home to his school? 典例體驗(yàn) How long is the river? 這條河有多長？ How old are you? 你多少歲？ How wide is the Great Wall? 長城有多寬？ How tall is the building? 這座建筑物有多高？ 歸納拓展 how far 意為“多遠(yuǎn)”，用于詢問兩地間的距離。 How形容詞？ 表示疑問：多少/遠(yuǎn)/長/高/？ from. to. 表示“從到”。 即學(xué)即用6： (1)How is the baby? It is about eight months. (2)How is the tree? Its about 4 meters tall. (3)Its about 2 kilometers my home the cinema.oldtallfromto 2. It takes about 25 minutes to walk. 典例體驗(yàn) It takes me three hours to do my homework. 做作業(yè)花了我三個(gè)小時(shí)。 The shirt cost me $20.這件襯衫花了我20美元。 He spent two days collecting the information. 他花了兩天時(shí)間收集信息。 Mr. Green paid $10 for his bill. 格林先生為他的賬單付了10美元。歸納拓展take, cost, spend, pay 都為動(dòng)詞，都有“花費(fèi)”的意思。It take sb. some time to do sth. 是常用句型，意為“花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間干某事”，其中it是形式主語，指“干某事”。cost一般用某物來做主語，表示“(某物)值、花費(fèi)”，既能指花費(fèi)時(shí)間也能指花費(fèi)金錢。spend一般用某人作主語，表示“(某人)花費(fèi)，付出”，也能指花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢，指時(shí)間時(shí)常與in搭配(in可省略)后接ving形式，指金錢時(shí)常與on搭配。pay用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，一般也以某人作主語，但一般指花錢、付款等，常與for搭配使用。 即學(xué)即用7： (1)The new bike me 300 yuan. (2)We two days in repairing this machine. (3)Mr. Lee $20 on books every month. (4)They 70 yuan for the tickets. (5)It me several hours to get there last Sunday. costspentspendspaidtook易混辨異 1. forget to do sth., forget doing sth. 觀察思考 I forgot to tell him the news. 我忘記告訴他這個(gè)消息了。 I forgot telling him the news. 我忘了我曾告訴過他這個(gè)消息。 歸納拓展 forget to do sth.意思是“忘記做某事”，實(shí)際上還沒做。 forget doing sth.意思是“忘記做過某事”，實(shí)際上已經(jīng)做過了。 類似用法的詞有：remember, regret等。 即學(xué)即用8： ( )Dont forget _ the lights when you leave the room. A. turning off B. turning on C. to turn off D. to turn onC 2. get to, arrive at/in, reach 觀察思考 When did you get to the station yesterday？ 你昨天什么時(shí)候到達(dá)火車站？ He arrived in Nanning last week. 他上個(gè)星期到南寧。 Please send me a short message when you reach Beijing. 當(dāng)你到北京的時(shí)，請發(fā)短信給我。歸納拓展都意為“到達(dá)”，但區(qū)別如下：arrive in 大地方(國家、城市等); arrive at 小地方(村莊、車站、碼頭等)。get to 地點(diǎn)名詞。reach 地點(diǎn)名詞。注：當(dāng)reach、arrive、get后接地點(diǎn)副詞here、there、home時(shí)，不能接任何介詞。即學(xué)即用9： (1)When I arrived the station, the train had left. (2)As soon as she in New York, please give me a ring. (3)He often to his office ten minutes earlier. (4)How excited they were when they the top of Mountain Huang!atarrivesgetsreached 3. a number of, the number of 觀察思考 A number of apples are red. 許多蘋果是紅色的。 The number of students is 2000. 學(xué)生的數(shù)量是2000人。 歸納拓展 a number of意為“許多，大量”，等于a lot of一類。 后面接名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 the number of意為“的數(shù)量”，后面也接名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 即學(xué)即用10： ( )What _ the number of students in your school? About two thousand. A number of them _ from England. A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; areA 4. forget, leave 觀察思考 When we relax on the beach, we often forget the time. 當(dāng)我們在沙灘上休閑時(shí)，我們經(jīng)常忘記時(shí)間。 I left my watch in the library yesterday. 昨天我把手表忘(留)在圖書館了。 歸納拓展 forget與leave都有“遺忘”之意，但二者不能互換。 forget指忘記一件具體的東西(其后沒有具體的地點(diǎn))；忘記做某事。 leave指把東西忘(落)在了某地，后應(yīng)接具體的地點(diǎn)。即leave sth. swh.。 即學(xué)即用11： (1)I my science book in the library yesterday. (2)Sorry, I your email address, please tell me again.leftforgot 5. take, by, on/in 觀察思考 He often takes a bus to school. He often goes to school by bus. He often goes to school on a bus. 他通常乘公交車去上學(xué)。 歸納拓展 take 動(dòng)詞，意為 “乘”。 by 介詞，后直接跟交通工具，意為“憑借交通工具”。 on/in 介詞，后接交通工具，意為“在交通工具上/里面”。 相類似詞有：ride 騎，ride a bikeby bikeon a bike; drive 駕駛， drive a carby carin a car; walk 步行on foot。即學(xué)即用12：( )(1)I go to school _ bus every morning.(2011重慶) A. in B. on C. at D. by( )(2)Mr. Zhang often _ the train to work, but sometimes goes _ his workmates car. A. by; in B. takes; by C. on; by D. takes; in( )(3)Some students _ to school, others goes _bike. A. walk; ride B. ride; by C. walk; by D. on; rideDDC 6. in hospital, in the hospital 觀察思考 He is ill in hospital. 他生病住院。 He works in the hospital. 他在醫(yī)院工作。 歸納拓展 in hospital 住院；in the hospital 在醫(yī)院里。 相類似用法詞有：be ill in bed臥病在床。 即學(xué)即用13： ( )He got badly hurt at that time, and he had to be _ for months. A. in the hospital B. in hospital C. at the hospital D. at hospitalB對點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練 . 根據(jù)句意及所給的漢語填寫單詞 1. Jim had breakfast (快) and ran to the bus stop. 2. I (忘) my computer in the taxi yesterday. Luckily the driver found me and returned it to me. 3. When we (到達(dá)) at the small village, it was dark. 4. If you lose the books from the library, you have to (賠) for it. 5. Tom never (依賴) on his parents. He likes to do everything by himself.quicklyleftarrivedpaydepends . 單項(xiàng)選擇 ( )1. Harry Potter is so interesting a book that lots of teenagers like to read _. A. it B. this C. that D. one 解析：考查代詞。句意：Harry Potte這本書很有趣，以至于很 多年輕人都喜歡讀“它”。空缺處是再次提及這本書，故選A。 A ( )2. I _ 5,000 yuan on this Iphone. Wow, so much! I cant afford it.(2011福州) A. spent B. paid C. cost 解析：考查固定搭配。spend.on sth.在某物上花費(fèi)。A ( )3. With the help of the Internet, information can _ every corner of the world quickly.(2011濰坊) A. go B. land C. reach D. arrive 解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：在因特網(wǎng)的幫助下，信息可以很 快地到達(dá)世界的每個(gè)角落。go, land, arrive都為不及物動(dòng)詞， 后不能直接跟賓語。故選C。C ( )4. When I got to school, Amy _his homework. (2011棗莊) A. had invented B. had finished C. had developed D. had rushed 解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。與homework作業(yè)搭配的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用 finish完成。B ( )5. _ is it from here to the railway station? About ten kilometers. A. How far B. How fast C. How soon D. How often 解析：考查疑問副詞。對距離的詢問用how far。A ( )6. Yang Fen _ every Saturday afternoon volunteering in an old people s home. A. costs B. takes C. pays D. spends 解析：考查固定用法。spend.doing sth. 花時(shí)間做某事。D ( )7. _ the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are _ teachers. A. A number of; women B. A number of; woman C. The number of; women D. The number of; woman 解析：考查短語辨析。句意：他們學(xué)校教師的數(shù)量大約是200， 其中四分之一是女教師。a number of意為許多，大量，the number of意為的數(shù)量，故A、B不選；女教師的復(fù)數(shù)表 達(dá)為women teachers。故選C。C ( )8. The doctor advised Lisa strongly that she should take a good rest, but _ didnt help. A. she B. it C. which D. he 解析：考查代詞。用it來指代上文所提到的事。此處it指代 醫(yī)生的要她好好休息的建議。故選B。B ( )9. How much does the ticket _ from Shanghai to Beijing? A. cost B. took C. spend D. pay 解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：從上海到北京的票價(jià)是多少？ ticket票，物做主語，故選cost。A ( )10. We have two rooms _， but I cant decide. A. to live; to choose which one B. lived; choose which one C. to live in; which one to choose D. live; which one 解析：考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：我們有兩個(gè)房間可住，但我 不知道該選哪一個(gè)？動(dòng)詞不定式“to live in” 做room的賓補(bǔ)， 不能丟了介詞in；decide 后接“疑問代詞動(dòng)詞不定式”做 賓語。故選C。C ( )11. How can I go to the supermarket, Paul? _ bike. Its not far from here. A. On B. By C. In D. With 解析：考查介詞。表示“乘(交通工具)”介詞用by。B ( )12. Im sorry I _ my exercise book at home. Dont forget _ it to school tomorrow, please. A. forget; to take B. left; to bring C. forget; to bring D. left; to take 解析：考查固定用法。leave sth.地點(diǎn)，意為“把某物忘在 某地”；forget to do sth. 意為“忘記做某事(未做)”。故選B。B ( )13. Richard turned off the computer after he had finished _ the email. A. write B. to write C. writing D. wrote 解析：考查固定用法。finish doing 完成做某事。C ( )14. Danny, someone in your class phoned you this morning. Oh, who is _？ A. heB. she C. itD. that 解析：考查代詞。對于不知道性別通常用it。C寫作訓(xùn)練 據(jù)報(bào)道，中學(xué)生的身體素質(zhì)有所下降，這一情況已經(jīng)引起全社會(huì)的關(guān)注和教育部門的高度重視?！癊xercise one hour a day, keep illness away”是某中學(xué)關(guān)于青少年體育鍛煉的宣傳標(biāo)語(slogan)。請根據(jù)下面的要點(diǎn)和要求，用英語寫一篇短文，80詞左右。 要點(diǎn)：1.鍛煉身體的好處：strong, healthy，energetic. 2. 鍛煉身體的方式：ball games，running，swimming. 3請談?wù)勀銓W(xué)校開展體育鍛煉的看法或建議。(至少寫兩點(diǎn))要求：1內(nèi)容必須包括以上要點(diǎn)，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；2開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；3語句通順，意思連貫，條理清楚，字跡工整；4文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)校名及姓名。Health is very important to us teenagers. 思路點(diǎn)撥 本文的論題已給出，接下來就是認(rèn)證，即要說明體育鍛煉的好處，介紹體育鍛煉的方式，還要談?wù)勛约簩w育鍛煉的認(rèn)識(shí)或看法。 參考短語及句式 keep healthy, make.strong and energetic, take part in, Sports can help us. If we dont take any exercise, we may feel. Exercise one hour a day, keep illness away There are all kinds of sports，. I hope our teachers leave less homework so that we have more time to. I also hope.參考答案 Health is very important to us teenagers. Either study or work is based on a strong body. Doing sports every day helps us keep healthy and energetic. If we dont take any exercise, we may feel tired and get sick easily. Just as the slogan says, “Exercise one hour a day，keep illness away！” There are many kinds of sports we can do, such as running, swimming and ball games. Now we students have to do too much homework after school. I hope teachers will leave us less homework so that we can have more time to take part in sports. I also hope our school can organize more sports activities for us.完成考點(diǎn)跟蹤訓(xùn)練 9