精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上2019-2020年中考英語 ?？家族e(cuò)點(diǎn) 專題十五 并列句和復(fù)合句易錯(cuò)清單一、when,if引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句和賓語從句1. 含有when,if引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的復(fù)合句中,若主句是一般將來時(shí),從句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);when引導(dǎo)其他時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí),從句時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)與主句時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。2. when, if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,首先要保證從句的陳述語序,然后再根據(jù)主句的時(shí)態(tài)確定從句時(shí)態(tài),使其基本與主句內(nèi)容保持意義上的一致。if充當(dāng)賓語從句的連接詞時(shí),相當(dāng)于whether, 詞義為“是否”;充當(dāng)狀語從句的連接詞時(shí),詞義為“如果”。when充當(dāng)賓語從句的連接詞時(shí),意為“什么時(shí)候”;充當(dāng)狀語從句的連接詞時(shí),意為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”。如:I don't know when my father will come back, but I'll ask him to call you back when he comes back. 我不知道我爸爸什么時(shí)候回來,但是他回來的時(shí)候我可以讓他給你回電話。I don't know if he will come back. If he comes back, I'll tell you. 我不知道他是否會回來。如果他回來的話,我會告訴你。二、when, while,as的區(qū)別when, while, as引導(dǎo)的從句都可以使用延續(xù)性動詞。when, as都可以與終止性動詞連用,而while則不能。如:He fell asleep when(while, as) he was reading. 他看書時(shí)睡著了。when可表示瞬間、時(shí)間段,與主句所敘述的動作、事情可同時(shí)發(fā)生,也可有先后。I will go home when he comes back. 他回來時(shí),我就回家去。It was raining hard when we arrived. 我們到達(dá)時(shí)正下著大雨。while用于同時(shí)進(jìn)行的兩個(gè)延續(xù)性動詞相伴隨而發(fā)生,常對同類的兩個(gè)動作進(jìn)行比較。While I was reading, my mother was washing clothes. 我讀書時(shí),我媽媽在洗衣服。as不指先后,而指并列發(fā)生,尤指兩動作或事件同時(shí)發(fā)生。如:She sang as she worked. 她一邊工作一邊唱歌。三、 that與 whichA、當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時(shí),用that,不用which。如This is the most important task that should be finished soon. 這是必須很快完成的最重要的任務(wù)。B、 當(dāng)先行詞被all,much,something,everything,any,few,little,no,some,last,next,the very,the only,the just等修飾時(shí),用that,不用which。如:1. There's nothing that can be said about it. 關(guān)于這件事可能無話可說。2. There is little work that is fit for you. 幾乎沒有適合你的工作。3. He sits the last row that is next to the window. 他坐在靠近窗戶的最后一排。4. The only thing that I need now is money. 我現(xiàn)在唯一需要的是錢。5. This is the very book that you want to borrow. 這就是你想借的那本書。C. 主句是以who 、which引導(dǎo)的疑問句時(shí),用that,不用which。Who is the woman that was talking to my mother? 和我媽媽談話的那個(gè)婦女是誰?以下情況用which,不用that。A. 引導(dǎo)詞后面有介詞時(shí)。This is the room in which he works. 這是他的工作間。B. 先行詞本身是that時(shí)。The watch is that which tells the time. 表是用來報(bào)時(shí)的。C. 非限制性定語從句中先行詞是物時(shí)He has a computer, which was bought by his father yesterday. 他有一臺電腦,是他的爸爸昨天買的。Last year my father told me a thing, which I remember clearly today. 去年我爸爸告訴一件事,至今我記憶猶新。D. 引導(dǎo)詞在被動句中用作主語時(shí)。I like the toys which are colored. 我喜歡那些涂上不同顏色的玩具。提分策略1. 根據(jù)主從句關(guān)系判斷中考復(fù)合句的考查,要根據(jù)主從句的意思來判斷答案,解答此類試題,要注意分析句子前后的關(guān)系?！纠?】(2014· 江蘇淮安·10)Prince George is lovely that many people like him very much.  A. veryB. suchC. asD. so【解析】本題考查連詞的用法。根據(jù)句中的that判斷,這里是考查句型so.that和such.that。因?yàn)閘ovely是形容詞,所以這里用so來連接。故選D。【答案】D【例2】(2013·浙江衢州·19)Liu Ming jumps highest he isn't tallest in our class.  A. becauseB. thoughC. forD. so【解析】考查四個(gè)連詞的用法,A“因?yàn)椤币龑?dǎo)原因狀語從句;B“盡管”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句;C“由于”表示因果關(guān)系,引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句;D項(xiàng)“因此”引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,根據(jù)句意:李明跳的最高,盡管他不是我們班最高的。選B?！敬鸢浮?B2. 根據(jù)語序判斷在含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句子中,從句的語序要用陳述句語序。根據(jù)這一原則能夠解答大部分題目。【例1】(2014· 江蘇鎮(zhèn)江· 15)Granny, the school trip was very exciting but a little tiring. Oh, could you tell me? A. how did you go to the park B. what you did in the tripC. that you saw something beautifulD. if your friends had played with you【解析】考查賓語從句的用法。應(yīng)答句是賓語從句,從句應(yīng)該用陳述句語序,所以排除A項(xiàng)。C項(xiàng)中的that跟肯定句;D項(xiàng)中的if跟一般疑問句,這兩項(xiàng)與話題不符。故選B。句意:“奶奶,學(xué)校旅行很興奮但是有點(diǎn)累?！薄班?你能告訴我在旅途中干了什么?”【答案】B【例2】(2013·廣東·39)Have you asked the policeman ? Yes. He told us to turn left onto Main Street. It's on the right. A. if there is a bank near hereB. how can we get to the nearest bank C. where can we find a bankD. when we can go to the nearest bank【解析】考查賓語從句的用法。在賓語從句中從句用陳述語序,故排除B、C(為疑問語序),根據(jù)句意是問路表達(dá)。所以選擇答案 A?！敬鸢浮?A3. 根據(jù)連接詞判斷中考對賓語從句的考查除了語序之外,還有考查連接詞的試題。要選擇正確的連接詞,關(guān)鍵是要弄清句意,可以用替代法判斷答案。【例1】(2014· 江蘇泰州·11)I think that studying in pairs of groups is necessary you want to learn from each other in class.  A. thoughB. untilC. unlessD. if 【解析】本題考查連詞的用法。前面句子意為“我認(rèn)為小組學(xué)習(xí)是很有必要的。”下句的意思是“你們想在課堂上相互學(xué)習(xí)。”根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)判斷,該句是條件狀語從句,應(yīng)該用if(如果)來連接,所以排除A、B、C三項(xiàng)。故選D。【答案】D【例2】(2013·福建福州·45)Could you please tell me tomorrow? At 8 o'clock. A. how will she comeB. where she will goC. what time she will start【解析】考查賓語從句。句意為:請你告訴我她明天什么時(shí)候開始?八點(diǎn)鐘。根據(jù)答語可知答案為C項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?C4. 還原先行詞判斷中考對定語從句的考查主要是考查關(guān)系代詞。首先可以把先行詞還原到從句中。其次在選擇關(guān)系詞時(shí),看先行詞是指人還是指物,然后看關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分,從而做出正確判斷?！纠?】(2014·山東棗莊·23) He is unlikely to find the school he taught 50 years ago.  A. whereB. whenC. howD. why【解析】考查關(guān)系代詞的用法。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)判斷,該句是定語從句,the school是先行詞,關(guān)系代詞指地點(diǎn),在定語從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語,應(yīng)該用where,不能用什么時(shí)候、怎么樣或?yàn)槭裁?所以排除B、C、D三項(xiàng)。故選A。句意為:他不可能找到他五十年前教學(xué)的學(xué)校?！敬鸢浮緼【例2】(2013·廣西玉林·33)Linda, can you tell me something about Mo Yan?Sure. He is the writer won the Nobel (諾貝爾) Literature Prize.  A. whichB. whose C. whoD. whom【解析】考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞的用法。which先行詞為物時(shí);whose先行詞為人或物,作定語,后得接個(gè)名詞;who先行詞為人,作主、賓、表語;whom先行詞為人,只作賓語。根據(jù)先行詞the writer“作者”,作主語。所以選擇答案C?！敬鸢浮?C專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練1. ( 2014·廣東深圳 ·12)It was information that we were very grateful the man for his help. You're right. He is a kind man in my heart.A. so valuable; forB. such an expensive; forC. such valuable; toD. so expensive an; to2. (2014·安徽合肥·38)Take your time, you'll make another mistake. A. thenB. andC. butD. or3(2014·深圳·20)Will you please tell me ? A. when he has come backB. where he would play footballC. if she had seen the filmD. why she didn't watch the match4. (2014·江蘇常州·30)I can still remember the sitting-room my mother and I in the evening. A. which; used to sitB. that; used to sitting inC. /; used to sit inD. /; are used to sitting5. (2014·江蘇揚(yáng)州·12)Who is the man was talking to our English teacher? Oh! It's Mr Baker, our maths teacher.A. heB. thatC. whomD. which6. (2013·上海)A true friend can see the pain in your eyes everyone else believes the smile on your face. A. whileB. becauseC. beforeD. until7. (2013·江蘇南京)Could you tell me ? I'd like to take part in it. On July 5th.A. when will the fashion show be heldB. when the fashion show will be heldC. where will the fashion show be heldD. where the fashion show will be held8. (2013·山西)Can you guess yesterday? Sorry, I've no idea about it.A. when did he came backB. when he came backC. how long he came back9. (2013·廣東·東莞)Do you know the girl is talking to the headmaster over there? Of course. She is my sister.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. what10. (2013·河北)Will you help me with the trouble?I won't you tell me the truth. A. ifB. butC. whileD. unless11. (2013·河南)Excuse me, could you please tell me ? Sorry. I'm new here. I don't know the way, either.A. where is Suxian MountainB. where Suxian Mountain isC. Suxian Mountain is where12. (2013·四川成都)Do you know ? Last year.A. when he came hereB. when did he come hereC. when he will come here13. (2013·天津)I really enjoyed your speech, there were some parts I didn't quite understand. A. becauseB. forC. untilD. though 14. (2013·安徽)Mary isn't in the classroom. Do you know ? A. where she isB. where is sheC. who is she15. (2012·四川綿陽)Could you tell me ? A. where she livesB. where does she liveC. where is she living參考答案與解析1. C解析:考查such.that的用法。由句中的“information that”判斷該句是結(jié)果狀語從句,應(yīng)該用“such+形容詞+名詞+that”結(jié)構(gòu),所以排除A、D兩項(xiàng)。因?yàn)槭遣豢蓴?shù)名詞,所以排除B。故選C。2. D解析:考查并列連詞的用法。由句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)判斷,該句是并列句,后一分句表示轉(zhuǎn)折,應(yīng)該用or來連接。故選D。句意:不著急,否則你又會犯錯(cuò)誤。3. D解析:考查賓語從句的用法。該句是賓語從句,主句的謂語動詞是一般將來時(shí)態(tài),是請求對方說出為什么不看比賽,不是什么時(shí)候回來,在哪里踢足球或是否看過這部影片,所以排除A、B、C三項(xiàng)。故選D。4. A解析:考查定語從句和固定搭配的用法。由句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)判斷,該句是定語從句,記得過去發(fā)生的事情,不是習(xí)慣做某事,所以排除B、D兩項(xiàng)。先行詞是the sitting-room,指地點(diǎn),關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用which。used to do sth. (過去常常做某事)是固定搭配。故選A。5. B解析:考查關(guān)系代詞的用法。該句的主句是特殊疑問句,先行詞指人,關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語,不能who,應(yīng)該用that。故選B。6. A解析:考查狀語從句。句意:當(dāng)其他人看到你臉上的微笑時(shí),真正的朋友能看出你眼中的痛苦。while“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”;because意思為“因?yàn)椤?before表示為“在之前”;until意思為“直到為止”,故選A。7. B解析:考查賓語從句的用法。賓語從句中從句的語序應(yīng)是陳述句的語序,排除A、C項(xiàng)。由答語“On July 5th.”可知上句是詢問時(shí)間,由選項(xiàng)B中的when可知B項(xiàng)符合題意。故選B。8. B解析:考查賓語從句。賓語從句用陳述句順序,排除A;又came back是終止性動詞,不能和段時(shí)間狀語how long連用,因此C是錯(cuò)誤的。故選B。9. A解析:考查定語從句。先行詞是the girl,指人,在定語從句中作主語,因此用關(guān)系代詞who。10. D解析:考查狀語從句連詞的用法。句意:你能幫我解決困難嗎?如果你不說實(shí)話,我不會幫你。unless意為“除非;如果不”。 故選D。11. B解析:考查賓語從句。賓語從句疑問句在從句句首,且主謂要用陳述句順序,故選B。12. A解析:考查賓語從句的用法。賓語從句中從句的語序應(yīng)是陳述句的語序,排除B項(xiàng)。由答語“Last year”可知是詢問去年的事情,應(yīng)該用一般過去式,所以排除C。故選A。13. D解析:考查狀語從句連詞的用法。because“因?yàn)椤?for作連詞也是“因?yàn)椤?until“直到時(shí)”;though“雖然”。根據(jù)句意:我的確喜歡你的演講,但是有些我不是很懂,故選D。14. A解析:考查賓語從句的用法。賓語從句中從句的語序應(yīng)是陳述句的語序,排除B、C項(xiàng)。所以選A。15. A解析:考查賓語從句的用法。賓語從句要用陳述句語序,所以排除B、C選項(xiàng);只有A項(xiàng)符合語法規(guī)則。故選A。專心-專注-專業(yè)