陜西省英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)(下)Units 9Units 91010 1invent(v.)_(n.)發(fā)明物_(n.)發(fā)明者 2believe(v.)_(adj.)可信的_(adj.)難以置信的 3usual(adj.)_(反義詞)特別的；不尋常的 4encourage(v.)_(n.)鼓勵(lì) 5peace(n.)_(adj.)和平的 6collect(v.)_(n.)收集 7safe(adj.)_(n.)安全_(adj.)危險(xiǎn)的_(n.)危險(xiǎn)inventioninventorbelievableunbelievableunusualencouragementpeacefulcollectionsafetydangerousdanger 8simply(adv.)_(adj.)簡(jiǎn)單的 9most(adj.)大多數(shù)_(adv.)主要地 10scarf(n.)_(復(fù)數(shù)) 11own(v.)_(n.)擁有者 12true(adj.)_(n.)真相；事實(shí)_(adj.)誠(chéng)實(shí)的；真實(shí)的 13especial(adj.)_(adv.)尤其；特別；格外simplemostlyscarves/scarfsownertruthtruthfulespecially 1_a tent搭帳篷 2_sb.to do sth.鼓勵(lì)某人做某事 3a _of兩個(gè)；一對(duì)；幾個(gè) 4_of數(shù)以千計(jì)的；許許多多的 5on _hand.on _hand.一方面另一方面 6have _doing sth.做某事有麻煩 7_game棋類游戲 8all year _全年put upencouragecouplethousandsthe onethe otherproblemsboardround 9three _四分之三 10_out查看；觀察 11_out清理；丟掉 12no _不再；不復(fù) 13_with放棄、交出(尤指不舍得的東西) 14_for至于；關(guān)于 15to be _說(shuō)實(shí)在的 16_to依據(jù)；按照 17_to幾乎；接近quarterscheckclearlongerpartashonestaccordingclose 1_you ever _to a science museum？你去過(guò)科技博物館？ 2I _to the art museum many _我去過(guò)藝術(shù)博物館很多次了。 3Ive _to a water park.我從未去過(guò)水上樂(lè)園。 Me _我也沒(méi)去過(guò)。 4Lets go _today.我們今天去某個(gè)不同的地方吧。 Havebeenhave beentimesnever beenneithersomewhere different 5Its really interesting，_？它確實(shí)很有趣，是不是？ 6Watching the tea preparation is just _enjoyable _drinking the tea _觀看他們準(zhǔn)備沏茶的過(guò)程和飲茶本身一樣令人享受。 7_you _that bike over there？那邊的那輛自行車你買了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了？ Ive had it for three years！我買了三年了！isnt itasasitselfHow long havehad8Jim _Japan for three days.吉姆在日本待了三天了。9Nowadays，_Chinese leave the countryside to _work in the cities.如今，數(shù)百萬(wàn)中國(guó)人離開農(nóng)村去城市尋找工作。10I _return home at least once a year，but I _for almost three years now.我過(guò)去一年至少回去一次，但是現(xiàn)在我?guī)缀跞隂](méi)有回去了。 has been inmillions ofsearch forused tohavent been back THREE QUARTERS 【典例在線】 Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.地球表面的四分之三是海洋。 Two thirds of the new students are from No.1 Middle School.三分之二的新生來(lái)自第一中學(xué)。 three quarters四分之三。英語(yǔ)中分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法為：分子分母。通常分子是基數(shù)詞，分母是序數(shù)詞，若分子大于一，則分母用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如1/5 one fifth，4/5 four fifths。若表示“中的幾分之幾”，常用“分?jǐn)?shù)of名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，此結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與名詞在數(shù)上保持一致?！就卣咕觥?【活學(xué)活用】 1)_ of the students in our class _ girls.(2014，益陽(yáng)) ATwo fifth；isBTwo fifth；are CTwo fifths；areC WHENEVER 【典例在線】 You can ask for help whenever you need it.你無(wú)論何時(shí)需要幫助都可以提出來(lái)。 Whatever you say，Ill believe you.無(wú)論你說(shuō)什么，我都相信你。 Whoever telephones，tell him (her) Im out.不管是誰(shuí)打電話，告訴他(她)我出去了?！就卣咕觥?whenever意為“在任何時(shí)候；無(wú)論何時(shí)”，與no matter when同義。作連詞可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。類似的詞還有whatever(無(wú)論什么)，wherever(無(wú)論哪里)，whoever(無(wú)論誰(shuí))等。 2)Kates dad is getting old.She will go back home to see him _ it is convenient.(2013，江西) Abecause Balthough Cwhenever Dunless【活學(xué)活用】C 【典例在線】 She regards the books as good friends.她把書當(dāng)作好朋友。 regard regard意為“將認(rèn)為；把視為”。常見(jiàn)用法有regard sb./sth.as.表示“將某人/某物看作”。【拓展精析】 3)史蒂芬霍金把他的許多身體問(wèn)題看得不重要。(2013，宜賓) Stephen Hawking _his many physical problems _unimportant.【活學(xué)活用】regardsas 【典例在線】 Flowers are always welcomed，especially in winter.鮮花總是受到歡迎，尤其是在冬天。 especiallyespecially副詞，意為“尤其；特別；格外”，在句中常用作狀語(yǔ)，用于列舉某個(gè)特例或某事物的特殊性。其形容詞形式為especial，意為“特別的；特殊的”?！就卣咕觥?4)The city of Harbin is beautiful all the year around，_ in winter.Ice lanterns decorate streets and attract plenty of tourists.(2013，哈爾濱) Aespecially Bgenerally Cprobably Ive never been to a water park.我從來(lái)沒(méi)有去過(guò)水上公園。 Me neither.我也沒(méi)去過(guò)?！净顚W(xué)活用】A【典例在線【典例在線】 She doesnt like playing basketball.她不喜歡打籃球。 Me neither.我也不喜歡。 He can speak English.他會(huì)講英語(yǔ)。 Me too.我也會(huì)?！就卣咕觥?Me neither意為“我也不”。表示前一句所述的否定情況也適用于后者時(shí)，可用此簡(jiǎn)略形式。 Me too意為“我也一樣”。表示前一句所述的肯定情況也適用于后者時(shí)，可用此簡(jiǎn)略形式?！净顚W(xué)活用】 1)He didnt finish his homework yesterday. _(我也沒(méi)有。) Among these is Zhong Wei，a 46yearold husband and father.鐘偉，一位46歲的丈夫和父親，就是其中的一位。Me_neither Tom is a 10yearold boy. Tom is a boy of 10 years old.湯姆是一個(gè)10歲的男孩?！镜淅诰€】 46yearold是一個(gè)復(fù)合形容詞，在句中作定語(yǔ)。這種復(fù)合形容詞有兩個(gè)特點(diǎn)：一是數(shù)詞、名詞、形容詞之間要用連字符連接，二是數(shù)詞后的名詞用單數(shù)形式。 另一種類似的復(fù)合形容詞作定語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)是：數(shù)詞連字符“”名詞(單數(shù))?！就卣咕觥俊净顚W(xué)活用】 2)A _ player named Li Jianrou from China won Chinas first gold medal in 2014 winter Olympics.(2014，邵陽(yáng)) A27yearsold B27yearold C27 years old 3)The park is far away from here indeed.Its about _ walk.(2014，蘇州) Aa three hour Ba three hours Ca threehours Da threehour I have had this bike for three years.這輛自行車我已經(jīng)買了三年了。BD【典例在線】 She has worked here for five years.她在這兒工作五年了。 He has been in the army for two years.他參軍已經(jīng)兩年了。【拓展精析】 在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如：learn，be，work，know，keep，have等?！净顚W(xué)活用【活學(xué)活用】 4)What a nice bike！How long _ you it? Just for five weeks. Awill；buy Bdid；buy Care；having Dhave；had 5)Look at these stamps.I _them for five years. Wow，they are wonderful. Akept Bhave kept Chave bought have/has been to，have/has gone to，have/has been inDB【典例在線【典例在線】 I have never been to a water park.我從來(lái)都沒(méi)有去過(guò)水上公園。 Wheres Kathy？凱西在哪里？ Shes gone to Shanghai.她去上海了。 He has been in Beijing for ten years.他在北京10年了?！就卣咕觥?【拓展精析】 have been to“曾經(jīng)去過(guò)，人已經(jīng)回來(lái)了”，常與ever或never連用，也可與表示次數(shù)的詞連用，表示“去過(guò)(某地)幾次”。 have gone to“去了”，在去某地的路上或已經(jīng)在某地，人還未回來(lái)，只能用于第三人稱。 have been in“已經(jīng)在(某地)”，常與一段時(shí)間連用?！净顚W(xué)活用 】 1)Where is Mr.Wang? He together with his students _ Zhuyuwan Park.(2014，揚(yáng)州) Ahas gone to Bhave gone to Chas been to Dhave been to 2)Have you ever been to Tokyo? Yes，I _ there twice.Its a modern city. Ahave gone Bhave been Chad gone since，forAB My aunt has worked in a bank since 1992.自從1992年我姑姑就在一家銀行工作。 I have been in Beijing since I left home.自從離開家我就在北京了。 Weve known each other for more than two years.我們認(rèn)識(shí)兩年多了?！镜淅诰€】 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常和since及for引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 since之后常接過(guò)去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)(如具體的年、月、日、鐘點(diǎn))；一段時(shí)間ago；從句(從句多用一般過(guò)去時(shí))來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間。 for之后常接時(shí)間段，說(shuō)明某種情況已經(jīng)持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間。句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，對(duì)一段時(shí)間提問(wèn)，常用how long。【拓展精析】 3)How long have you lived in the new flat? _ 2012.(2013，揚(yáng)州) AInBAfterCSinceDBefore 4)Im looking after Tom today.Hes been in my house _ 8：00 this morning.(2013，十堰) Aat Bfor Csince Dtill do with，deal with【活學(xué)活用】CC I dont know how they deal with the problem.I dont know what they do with the problem.我不知道他們是如何處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題的?！镜淅诰€】 兩者都表示“處理”。但do with常和疑問(wèn)詞what連用；deal with常和疑問(wèn)詞how連用?！就卣咕觥?5)Many students dont know how to _ stress and become worried. I think theyd better ask their teachers for help. Aargue with Bdeal with Cquarrel with Dcome up with【活學(xué)活用】B 一、根據(jù)句意及首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示完成單詞。 1Youll be _(安全的) here. 2Air pollution is one of the most serious _(社會(huì)的) problems there. 3Jack is an _(誠(chéng)實(shí)的) boy，so we all like him very much. 4To my _(羞愧) I never thanked him for his kindness. 5No one is _Everybody makes mistakes sometimes. 6In _leaves begin to grow on the trees. 7Look！There is a house _the trees. 8We all _our English teacher as our best friend.safesocialhonestshameperfectspringamongregard 二、根據(jù)句意，選擇方框中的單詞并用其適當(dāng)形式填空。 fox，simple，childhood，memory，scarf，perform，it 9I spent my early _in my hometown. 10That song always brings back lots of good _ 11The house _is very beautiful. 12We like to watch the _of the band Indigo. 13There are several _in this zoo. 14You can enjoy all the water sports，or _lie on the beach. 15We need three _for the girls.childhoodmemoriesitselfperformancefoxessimplyscarves/scarfs 三、單項(xiàng)選擇。 16Mum，_ of the apples _ gone bad. Wed better eat up the rest as soon as possible.(2014，內(nèi)江) Aone third；have Bone thirds；have Cone third；has Dfirst three；has 17Peter has never been to a water park._ AI havent neither BI havent too CMe too DMe neitherAD 18_ have you been in the sports club? Since the first month I came to the school.(2013，上海) AHow old BHow long CHow much DHow soon 19Liu Ming，is that our headteacher Miss Chen over there？(2014，福州) It cant be her.She _ Xiamen for a meeting. Ahas been to Bhas gone to Chas been awayBB 20She _ her hometown since she was 18 years old.She told me she would return soon.(2014，涼山) Ahas left Bhas been away from Cleft Dwent awayB 四、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成下列句子。 21說(shuō)實(shí)話，我不想和他們一起去看電影。 To _，I wouldnt like to go to the movies with them. 22至于我，還沒(méi)去過(guò)那個(gè)城市。 _me，I havent been to that city. 23一方面，他們給了我一個(gè)好機(jī)會(huì)。 _，they gave me a good chance. 24他準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)這里是沒(méi)有任何問(wèn)題的。 He wont _here on time. 25幾天之后，他離開了北京。 After _days，he left Beijing.be honestAs forOn the one handhave any problem arrivinga couple of 寫作典例之旅游與安全(一)(2011，溫州)初中的生活即將結(jié)束，一項(xiàng)調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示很多同學(xué)想在考試后去旅游，但是也有同學(xué)不喜歡旅游。請(qǐng)以“Traveling Is. ”為題寫一篇100詞左右的短文談?wù)勀愕目捶?。要求?.先把題目補(bǔ)充完整(可用interesting，boring等)；2文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名、校名等相關(guān)信息?！痉段男蕾p一】 raveling Is Interesting Traveling is interesting. You will have lots of fun things to do and see during the trip.Just imagine that you are walking in the beautiful mountains，enjoying the fresh air and listening to the birds singing.Its amazing，isnt it? Sometimes，you may meet people from different places and make friends with them，which makes your trip a more pleasant one.Also，you may have many interesting things to share with your friends when you are back.All the pleasure of your trip will be kept in your memory. Its not surprising that so many students cant wait to go traveling after the examination!【范文欣賞二】 Traveling Is Boring Traveling is usually boring. There are always too many people in places of interest in China and it is crowded everywhere，especially on holidays.Just imagine that you are waiting in line，hungry and thirsty.“Why do I come here? To see the crowd？” you may complain.If you are unlucky，you may meet a bad guide who pushes you to shop here and there.Its terrible，isnt it? Also，you may have to get up early to take the plane or wait in the airport for hours because of the delayed flight. Therefore，I prefer to stay at home than go traveling after the examination. (二)(2014，安徽) 假定你是王偉，你的英國(guó)筆友David來(lái)信問(wèn)及你們學(xué)校在暑假期間對(duì)學(xué)生的要求。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)給他回一封電子郵件。 家庭安全：小心用火用電，外出時(shí)關(guān)好門窗； 游泳安全：不獨(dú)自去游泳，不去河、湖游泳； 交通安全： 過(guò)馬路要當(dāng)心，不在馬路上玩耍。 提示詞：electricity (n.電) 注意：1.詞數(shù)80100； 2請(qǐng)不耍逐句翻譯，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮； 3文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的校名和人名； 4郵件的開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)?！痉段男蕾p】 Dear_David， Glad_to_receive_your_email.Our_school_has_made_many_safety_rules_for_us_to_follow.Let_me_tell_you_something_about_them. We are asked to be careful with electricity when we are using it.It is dangerous to play with fire，for it may cause terrible accidents.We should make sure doors and windows are shut before we leave.Besides，we are not allowed to swim alone，especially in deep rivers or lakes.If we really want to，we must go to the swimming pool with our parents or teachers.Whats more，following traffic rules is also very important.Everyone should watch out when crossing the road.And our school warns us not to play on the road. I_think_these_rules_are_necessary_as_safety_comes_first. Have_a_good_summer_holiday! Yours， Wang_Wei