第十一講第十一講 名詞性從句名詞性從句考點(diǎn)精講考點(diǎn)精講【考點(diǎn)【考點(diǎn)1】名詞性從句的分類】名詞性從句的分類【考點(diǎn)【考點(diǎn)2】名詞性從句的用法】名詞性從句的用法項(xiàng)目類別連接詞、關(guān)系詞或引導(dǎo)詞例句注意事項(xiàng)主語從句連接代詞：who，what，which等。連接副詞：where，when，how，why。從屬連詞：that，whether。1.What you have said is reasonable.2.Whether you will come or not doesnt matter.3.Its known to all that he is a novelist.4.Its necessary that you should tell him about it.1.that所引導(dǎo)的主語從句可以放在句子后面，用it作形式主語。2.在it is a pity，it is difficult，it is necessary，it is no wonder等結(jié)構(gòu)后的主語從句中常用“should動(dòng)詞原形”的虛擬語氣形式，表達(dá)“應(yīng)該”“竟然”的意思。賓語從句連接代詞：who，what，which等。連接副詞：where，when，how，why。從屬連詞：that，whether。1.They are discussing what they will do today.2.She asked me how he could learn English well.3.I think it necessary that he should try again.4.I insisted that she (should)go there right away.5.I dont doubt that he will pass the test.1.如果主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定；如果主句是過去時(shí)，那么賓語從句一定要用過去時(shí)態(tài)。2.賓語從句要用陳述句語序。3.主語的謂語動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞feel，see，hear，find，think，make等，可以用it作形式賓語，把賓語從句放在補(bǔ)足語之后。4.當(dāng)主句的謂語是suggest，demand，insist等動(dòng)詞時(shí)，賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用原形或should動(dòng)詞原形。5.當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞doubt接賓語從句，主句為否定句或疑問句，用連詞that；主句為肯定句時(shí)，用連詞if/whether。表語從句連接代詞：who，what，which等。連接副詞：where，when，how，why。從屬連詞：that，whether，as if。1.The problem is who can go and fetch it.2.That is why I was late yesterday.3.This is what he told me.4.He looks as if he has known the news.表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞基本一樣，表語從句還可以用as if，as though引導(dǎo)。同位語從句連接代詞：who，what，whose等。連接副詞：where，when，how。從屬連詞：that，whether。1.He has told us the news that he won the first prize.2.We have no idea when he will come back.3.There is no doubt that he is fit for the job.同位語從句一般跟在一些表示抽象概念的名詞后面，用來說明名詞具體所指的內(nèi)容，常用的名詞有news，idea，order，fact，promise，belief，doubt，truth，question，report，fear，proof，thought等。真題再現(xiàn)真題再現(xiàn)1(2016北京卷，北京卷，24)Your support is important to our work._you can do helps.【解析【解析】句意：你的支持對我們的工作很重要。你做的任何事句意：你的支持對我們的工作很重要。你做的任何事情都有幫助。本題考查主語從句。情都有幫助。本題考查主語從句。“_you can do”為主語為主語從句，該從句缺少賓語，且表示從句，該從句缺少賓語，且表示“任何事情任何事情”，故答案為，故答案為Whatever(相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于Anything that)。【答案【答案】Whatever 2(2016北京卷，29)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is_one can be entirely free from dust. 【解析】句意：雨季最令人愉快的事情就是人們可以完全免受塵土的影響。本題考查表語從句。“_one can be entirely free from dust”為表語從句，該從句中不缺少成分，意思完整，故用that引導(dǎo)該表語從句。 【答案】that 3(2016天津卷，11)The manager put forward a suggestion _ we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do. 【解析】句意：經(jīng)理提出一個(gè)建議，我們應(yīng)該有個(gè)助手。有太多的工作要做。本題考查同位語從句。“_we should have an assistant”為同位語從句，說明suggestion的內(nèi)容，用that引導(dǎo)該同位語從句。that只起連接作用，不作成分。 【答案】that 4(2016江蘇卷，21)It is often the case _anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 【解析】句意：對于那些總是不放棄希望的人來說，發(fā)生任何事情都是有可能的，這是很常見的?？疾橹髡Z從句。本句中it為形式主語，“_anything is possible for those who hang on to hope”為真正的主語；該從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，故由that引導(dǎo)。 【答案】that 5(2015重慶卷，8)We must find out _ Karl is coming，so we can book a room for him. 【解析】句意：我們必須弄清楚卡爾什么時(shí)候來，以便我們可以為他預(yù)訂房間?！癬 Karl is coming”為賓語從句，作動(dòng)詞短語find out的賓語，該從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語，故答案為when。 【答案】when 6(2015安徽卷，25)A ship in harbor is safe，but thats not _ ships are built for. 【解析】句意：在港口的船是安全的，但是那并不是船被建造的目的?！癬 ships are built for”為表語從句，該從句中缺少賓語且表示“事物”，故答案為what。 【答案】what 7(2015福建卷，29)I wonder _ Mary has kept her figure after all these years. By working out every day. 【解析】句意：我想知道這些年來瑪麗是如何保持體形的。通過每天鍛煉身體。“_ Mary has kept her figure after all these years”為賓語從句，該從句中缺少方式狀語，故答案為how。 【答案】how 8(2015湖南卷，26)You have to know _ youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there. 【解析】句意：如果你要計(jì)劃到那里的最好路線，你就得知道你將要往哪兒走?！癬 youre going”為賓語從句，該從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，故答案為where。 【答案】where 9(2015陜西卷，19)Reading her biography，I was lost in admiration for _ Doris Lessing had achieved in literature. 【解析】句意：讀著她的自傳，我沉浸在對多麗絲萊辛在文學(xué)上獲得的成就的崇拜之中?！癬 Doris Lessing had achieved in literature”為賓語從句，該從句中缺少賓語且表示“事物”，故答案為what。 【答案】what 10(2015四川卷，8)The exhibition tells us _ we should do something to stop air pollution. 【解析】句意：這個(gè)展覽告訴我們?yōu)槭裁次覀儜?yīng)該做一些事情來阻止空氣污染。“_ we should do something to stop air pollution”為賓語從句，該從句中缺少原因狀語，故答案為why。 【答案】why