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1、英文原文： Mineral product monorail reduction gear synopsis 1 what is reducer Reducer is a dynamic communication agencies, the use of gear speed converters, motor rotational speed reducer to the Rotary to be few, and have greater torque institutions. 1.1 The reducer role 1.1.1 velocity at the s

2、ame time increase the output torque, torque output ratio by motor output by slowdown, but the attention should be paid to exceed the rated torque reducer. 1.1.2 the speed at the same time reduce the inertia load, the inertia of deceleration than reduced to the square. We can look at the General M

3、otors has a value of inertia. 1.2 The type of reducer General helical gear reducer has reducer (including parallel shaft helical gear reducer, a worm reducer, bevel gear reducer, etc.), planetary gear reducer, Cycloid reducer, a worm reducer, a planetary friction CVT mechanical machine

4、s. 1.3 Common reducer 1.3.1 worm reducer is the main characteristics of a reverse self-locking function, can be larger than a slowdown, input shaft and output shaft axis is not the same, nor in the same plane. But generally larger, transmission efficiency is not high, the accuracy is no

5、t high. 1.3.2 Harmonic Drive reducer is controllable using flexible components to transfer elastic deformation and dynamic movement, not volume, high precision, but the disadvantage is that flexible wheel limited life, impatient shocks, rigidity and pieces of metal relatively poor. Not too high s

6、peed input. 1.3.3 planetary reducer its comparative advantage is compact structure, the return gap small, high precision, and have a long life span rated output torque can be done great. However, a price slightly expensive, the requirements of parts before assembly ： 1.3.3.1 Rolling cleaning wi

7、th gasoline, kerosene other parts cleaning. All parts and cabinet not allowed to have any impurities exist. Gear box and the inner wall (Worm), unprocessed surface has not been coated twice erosion-resistant oil paint box has the outer surface coated primer and paint color (color requested by host).

8、 1.3.3.2 Parts coated with a face wash after lubricants. 2 the requirements of installation and adjustment 2.1 Rolling installation Rolling bearing inner ring should be installed at the shaft shoulder close to gap must not pass 0.05 mm thick Cypriot feet. 2.2 Bearing axial clearan

9、ce Of the clearance can not be adjusted bearings (such as deep groove ball bearings), axial clearance of 0.25 to 0.4 mm; the clearance adjustable bearing axial clearance numerical table. Click Tapered Roller Bearings axial clearance; angular contact ball bearing axial clearance. 2.3 Gear (Worm)

10、 meshing tooth space available Cypriot side foot of lead or pressure. Will be lead wire on the alveolar, and then turning gear and squash lead wire, measuring two teeth side was crushed lead wire thickness and the size of which is adjacent teeth. 2.4 Tooth contact dot cylinder gear tooth contac

11、t Dot 2-10-4; bevel gear tooth contact Dot 2-11-4; Gearing contact Dot 2-12-4. 3 seal requirements 3.1 Box partition between the surface does not allow any pads filled, but can be coated or water glass sealant to ensure that the seal; 3.2 Assembly, the bolt tightening box, before using

12、 0.05 mm Cypriot-foot inspection Covers Block with me and between the sealing surface; 3.3 Shaft seal should stretch to smear grease. The seal should be installed in strict accordance with the requirements. 4 lubrication requirements 4.1 Rationally determine the types of lubricants an

13、d greases and grades 4.2 Bearing lubrication fat, grease filled in the general Fatliquor space can be 1 / 2 to 2 / 3. 4.3 Lubricants should be regularly replaced, the new reducer used for the first time, the operation of oil-7 ~ 14 days, according to the situation can be after every 3 to 6 mon

14、ths for first oil. 5 the test requirements 5.1 Empty operation: at rated speed is, anti-running 1 to 2 hours; 5.2 Load test: at rated speed, rated load operation, the oil temperature balance to date. On the gear reducer, requested the pool temperature is not more than 35 , bearing tem

15、perature rise no more than 40 ; the worm reducer, requested the pool temperature not more than 60, bearing temperature of not more than 50 . 6 packaging and transportation requirements 6.1 Protruding shaft and its annex should Oiler packaging; 6.2 Handling, lifting may not use screw

16、rings and lug all of the above technical requirements are not necessarily listed, and sometimes also by other projects, mainly by the specific design requirements. 7 Technical requirements 7.1 Assembly, all parts cleaning with kerosene, gasoline Rolling cleansing, while the existence of a

17、ny debris. Oil is not painted wall corrosion coatings twice; 7.2 Backlash with lead wire mesh test of not less than 0.16 mm, lead wire Backlash may not exceed the smallest of the four times; 7.3 Used Tu-color dot test. Tooth high point of contact by not less than 40% of contact spots on teeth n

18、ot less than 50 per cent. Can be used when necessary, grinding or scraping after grinding to improve contacts; 7.4 Bearing axial clearance should be adjusted: φ40 0.05 - 0.1 mm, φ55 0.08 - 0.15 mm; 7.5 Test reducer subdivision surface, the contact surface and seal, oil spills are not allowed.

19、Split-Tu allowed to paint or water glass seal and allow the use of any filler; 7.6 Engine lubricants to the contents N100 provisions height. 8 GEAR INTRODUCTION 8.1 Abstract: The important position of the wheel gear can't falter in traditional machine and modern machines.The wheel gear ma

20、inly install the direction that delivers the dint at the principal axis box. The passing to process to make them can is divided into many model numbers, used for many situations respectively. 8.2 Key words: Wheel gear In the force analysis of spur gears, the forces are assumed to act in a single p

21、lane. We shall study gears in which the forces have three dimensions. The reason for this, in the case of helical gears, is that the teeth are not parallel to the axis of rotation. And in the case of bevel gears, the rotational axes are not parallel to each other. There are also other reasons, as we

22、 shall learn. Helical gears are used to transmit motion between parallel shafts. The helix angle is the same on each gear, but one gear must have a right-hand helix and the other a left-hand helix. The shape of the tooth is an involutes helicoids. If a piece of paper cut in the shape of a parallelo

23、gram is wrapped around a cylinder, the angular edge of the paper becomes a helix. If we unwind this paper, each point on the angular edge generates an involutes curve. The surface obtained when every point on the edge generates an involutes is called an involutes helicoids. The initial contact of s

24、pur-gear teeth is a line extending all the way across the face of the tooth. The initial contact of helical gear teeth is a point, which changes into a line as the teeth come into more engagement. In spur gears the line of contact is parallel to the axis of the rotation; in helical gears, the line i

25、s diagonal across the face of the tooth. It is this gradual of the teeth and the smooth transfer of load from one tooth to another, which give helical gears the ability to transmit heavy loads at high speeds. Helical gears subject the shaft bearings to both radial and thrust loads. When the thrust l

26、oads become high or are objectionable for other reasons, it may be desirable to use double helical gears. A double helical gear (herringbone) is equivalent to two helical gears of opposite hand, mounted side by side on the same shaft. They develop opposite thrust reactions and thus cancel out the th

27、rust load. When two or more single helical gears are mounted on the same shaft, the hand of the gears should be selected so as to produce the minimum thrust load. Crossed-helical, or spiral, gears are those in which the shaft centerlines are neither parallel nor intersecting. The teeth of crossed-h

28、elical fears have point contact with each other, which changes to line contact as the gears wear in. For this reason they will carry out very small loads and are mainly for instrumental applications, and are definitely not recommended for use in the transmission of power. There is on difference betw

29、een a crossed helical gear and a helical gear until they are mounted in mesh with each other. They are manufactured in the same way. A pair of meshed crossed helical gears usually have the same hand; that is, a right-hand driver goes with a right-hand driven. In the design of crossed-helical gears,

30、the minimum sliding velocity is obtained when the helix angle are equal. However, when the helix angle is not equal, the gear with the larger helix angle should be used as the driver if both gears have the same hand. Worm gears are similar to crossed helical gears. The pinion or worm has a small nu

31、mber of teeth, usually one to four, and since they completely wrap around the pitch cylinder they are called threads. Its mating gear is called a worm gear, which is not a true helical gear. A worm and worm gear are used to provide a high angular-velocity reduction between nonintersecting shafts whi

32、ch are usually at right angle. The worm gear is not a helical gear because its face is made concave to fit the curvature of the worm in order to provide line contact instead of point contact. However, a disadvantage of worm gearing is the high sliding velocities across the teeth, the same as with cr

33、ossed helical gears. Worm gearing are either single or double enveloping. A single-enveloping gearing is one in which the gear wraps around or partially encloses the worm.. A gearing in which each element partially encloses the other is, of course, a double-enveloping worm gearing. The important di

34、fference between the two is that area contact exists between the teeth of double-enveloping gears while only line contact between those of single-enveloping gears. The worm and worm gear of a set have the same hand of helix as for crossed helical gears, but the helix angles are usually quite differe

35、nt. The helix angle on the worm is generally quite large, and that on the gear very small. Because of this, it is usual to specify the lead angle on the worm, which is the complement of the worm helix angle, and the helix angle on the gear; the two angles are equal for a 90-deg. Shaft angle.

36、 中文譯文： 1 什么是減速器 減速器是一種動(dòng)力傳達(dá)機(jī)構(gòu)，利用齒輪的速度轉(zhuǎn)換器，將馬達(dá)的回轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)減速到所要的回轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)，并得到較大轉(zhuǎn)矩的機(jī)構(gòu)。 1.1 減速器的作用 1.1.1降速同時(shí)提高輸出扭矩，扭矩輸出比例按電機(jī)輸出乘減速比，但要注意不能超出減速器額定扭矩。 1.1.2 減速同時(shí)降低了負(fù)載的慣量，慣量的減少為減速比的平方。大家可以看一下一般電機(jī)都有一個(gè)慣量數(shù)值。 1.2 減速器的種類 一般的減速器有斜齒輪減速器(包括平行軸斜齒輪減速器、蝸輪減速器、錐齒輪減速器等等)、行星齒輪減速器、擺線針輪減速器、蝸輪蝸桿減速器、行星摩擦式

37、機(jī)械無(wú)級(jí)變速機(jī)等等。 1.3 常見(jiàn)減速器 1.3.1 蝸輪蝸桿減速器的主要特點(diǎn)是具有反向自鎖功能，可以有較大的減速比，輸入軸和輸出軸不在同一軸線上，也不在同一平面上。但是一般體積較大，傳動(dòng)效率不高，精度不高。 1.3.2 諧波減速器的諧波傳動(dòng)是利用柔性元件可控的彈性變形來(lái)傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)和動(dòng)力的，體積不大、精度很高，但缺點(diǎn)是柔輪壽命有限、不耐沖擊，剛性與金屬件相比較差。輸入轉(zhuǎn)速不能太高。 1.3.3 行星減速器其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是結(jié)構(gòu)比較緊湊，回程間隙小、精度較高，使用壽命很長(zhǎng)，額定輸出扭矩可以做的很大。但價(jià)格略貴、對(duì)裝配前零件的要求 ： 1.3.3.1滾動(dòng)軸承用汽油清

38、洗，其他零件用煤油清洗。所有零件和箱體內(nèi)不許有任何雜質(zhì)存在 。箱體內(nèi)壁和齒輪（蝸輪）等未加工表面先后涂?jī)纱尾槐粰C(jī)油侵蝕的耐油漆，箱體外表 面先后涂底漆和顏色油漆（按主機(jī)要求配色）。 1.3.3.2零件配合面洗凈后涂以潤(rùn)滑油。 2 安裝和調(diào)整的要求 2.1滾動(dòng)軸承的安裝 滾動(dòng)軸承安裝時(shí)軸承內(nèi)圈應(yīng)緊貼軸肩，要求縫隙不得通過(guò)0.05mm 厚的塞尺。 2.2 軸承軸向游隙 對(duì)游隙不可調(diào)整的軸承（如深溝球軸承），其軸向游隙為0.25~0.4mm；對(duì)游隙可調(diào)整 的軸承軸向游隙數(shù)值見(jiàn)表。點(diǎn)擊查看圓錐滾子軸承軸向游隙；角接觸球軸承軸向游隙。 2.

39、3 齒輪（蝸輪）嚙合的齒側(cè)間隙 可用塞尺或壓鉛法。即將鉛絲放在齒槽上，然后轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)齒輪而壓扁鉛絲，測(cè)量?jī)升X側(cè)被 壓扁鉛絲厚度之和即為齒側(cè)的大小。 2.4齒面接觸斑點(diǎn)圓柱齒輪齒面接觸斑點(diǎn)2-10-4；圓錐齒輪齒面接觸斑點(diǎn)2-11-4；蝸桿傳動(dòng)接觸斑點(diǎn)2-12-4。 3 密封要求 3．1 箱體剖分面之間不允許填任何墊片，但可以涂密封膠或水玻璃以保證密封； 3.2 裝配時(shí)，在擰緊箱體螺栓前，應(yīng)使用0.05mm的塞尺檢查箱蓋和箱座結(jié)合面之間的密封性； 3.3軸伸密封處應(yīng)涂以潤(rùn)滑脂。各密封裝置應(yīng)嚴(yán)格按要求安裝。 4 潤(rùn)滑要求

40、 4.1 合理確定潤(rùn)滑油和潤(rùn)滑脂類型和牌號(hào)。 4.2 軸承脂潤(rùn)滑時(shí)，潤(rùn)滑脂的填充量一般為可加脂空間的1/2~2/3。 4.3 潤(rùn)滑油應(yīng)定期更換，新減速器第一次使用時(shí)，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)7~14天后換油，以后可以根據(jù)情況每隔3~6個(gè)月?lián)Q一次油。 5 試驗(yàn)要求 5.1 空載運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)：在額定轉(zhuǎn)速下正、反運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)1~2小時(shí)； 5.2 負(fù)荷試驗(yàn)：在額定轉(zhuǎn)速、額定負(fù)荷下運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，至油溫平衡為止。 對(duì)齒輪減速器，要求油池溫升不超過(guò)35,軸承溫升不超過(guò)40； 對(duì)蝸桿減速器，要求油池溫升不超過(guò)60,軸承溫升不超過(guò)50。 6 包裝和運(yùn)輸要求

41、 6.1 外伸軸及其附件應(yīng)涂油包裝； 6.2 搬運(yùn)、起吊時(shí)不得使用吊環(huán)螺釘及吊耳以上技術(shù)要求不一定全部列出，有時(shí)還需另增項(xiàng)目，主要由設(shè)計(jì)的具體要求而定。 7 技術(shù)要求 7.1 裝配前，所有零件用煤油清洗，滾動(dòng)軸承用汽油清洗，不許有任何 雜物存在。內(nèi)壁涂上不被機(jī)油腐蝕的涂料兩次； 7.2 嚙合側(cè)隙用鉛絲檢驗(yàn)不小于0.16mm，鉛絲不得大于最小側(cè)隙的4倍； 7.3 用涂色法檢驗(yàn)斑點(diǎn)。按齒高接觸點(diǎn)不小于40%；按齒長(zhǎng)接觸斑點(diǎn)不小于50%。必要時(shí)可用研磨或刮后研磨以便改善接觸情況； 7.4 應(yīng)調(diào)整軸承軸向間隙：φ40為0

42、.05--0.1mm,φ55為0.08--0.15mm; 7.5 檢驗(yàn)減速器剖分面、各接觸面及密封處，均不許漏油。剖分面允許 涂以密封油漆或水玻璃，不允許使用任何填料； 7.6 機(jī)座內(nèi)裝N100潤(rùn)滑油至規(guī)定高度。 8 齒輪和軸的介紹 8.1 摘要: 在傳統(tǒng)機(jī)械和現(xiàn)代機(jī)械中齒輪的重要地位是不可動(dòng)搖的。齒輪主要安裝在主軸箱來(lái)傳遞力的方向。通過(guò)加工制造它們可以分為許多的型號(hào)，分別用于許多的場(chǎng)合。 8.2 關(guān)鍵詞:齒輪 在直齒圓柱齒輪的受力分析中，是假定各力作用在單一平面的。我們將研究作用力具有三維坐標(biāo)的齒輪。因此，在斜齒輪的情況下，其齒向是不平行于回轉(zhuǎn)

43、軸線的。而在錐齒輪的情況中各回轉(zhuǎn)軸線互相不平行。 斜齒輪用于傳遞平行軸之間的運(yùn)動(dòng)。傾斜角度每個(gè)齒輪都一樣，但一個(gè)必須右旋斜齒，而另一個(gè)必須是左旋斜齒。齒的形狀是一濺開(kāi)線螺旋面。如果一張被剪成平行四邊形（矩形）的紙張包圍在齒輪圓柱體上，紙上印出齒的角刃邊就變成斜線。如果我展開(kāi)這張紙，在血角刃邊上的每一個(gè)點(diǎn)就發(fā)生一漸開(kāi)線曲線。 直齒圓柱齒輪輪齒的初始接觸處是跨過(guò)整個(gè)齒面而伸展開(kāi)來(lái)的線。斜齒輪輪齒的初始接觸是一點(diǎn)，當(dāng)齒進(jìn)入更多的嚙合時(shí)，它就變成線。在直齒圓柱齒輪中，接觸是平行于回轉(zhuǎn)軸線的。在斜齒輪中，該先是跨過(guò)齒面的對(duì)角線。它是齒輪逐漸進(jìn)行嚙合并平穩(wěn)的從一個(gè)齒到另一個(gè)齒傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)，那樣就使斜齒輪具

44、有高速重載下平穩(wěn)傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)的能力。斜齒輪使軸的軸承承受徑向和軸向力。當(dāng)軸向推力變的大了或由于別的原因而產(chǎn)生某些影響時(shí)，那就可以使用人字齒輪。雙斜齒輪（人字齒輪）是與反向的并排地裝在同一軸上的兩個(gè)斜齒輪等效。他們產(chǎn)生相反的軸向推力作用，這樣就消除了軸向推力。當(dāng)兩個(gè)或更多個(gè)單向齒斜齒輪被在同一軸上時(shí)，齒輪的齒向應(yīng)作選擇，以便產(chǎn)生最小的軸向推力。 交錯(cuò)軸斜齒輪或螺旋齒輪，他們是軸中心線既不相交也不平行。交錯(cuò)軸斜齒輪的齒彼此之間發(fā)生點(diǎn)接觸，它隨著齒輪的磨合而變成線接觸。因此他們只能傳遞小的載荷和主要用于儀器設(shè)備中，而且肯定不能推薦在動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)中使用。交錯(cuò)軸斜齒輪與斜齒輪之間在被安裝后互相捏合之前是沒(méi)有任

45、何區(qū)別的。它們是以同樣的方法進(jìn)行制造。一對(duì)相嚙合的交錯(cuò)軸斜齒輪通常具有同樣的齒向，即左旋主動(dòng)齒輪跟右旋從動(dòng)齒輪相嚙合。在交錯(cuò)軸斜齒設(shè)計(jì)中，當(dāng)該齒的斜角相等時(shí)所產(chǎn)生滑移速度最小。然而當(dāng)該齒的斜角不相等時(shí)，如果兩個(gè)齒輪具有相同齒向的話，大斜角齒輪應(yīng)用作主動(dòng)齒輪。 蝸輪與交錯(cuò)軸斜齒輪相似。小齒輪即蝸桿具有較小的齒數(shù)，通常是一到四齒，由于它們完全纏繞在節(jié)圓柱上，因此它們被稱為螺紋齒。與其相配的齒輪叫做蝸輪，蝸輪不是真正的斜齒輪。蝸桿和蝸輪通常是用于向垂直相交軸之間的傳動(dòng)提供大的角速度減速比。蝸輪不是斜齒輪，因?yàn)槠潺X頂面做成中凹形狀以適配蝸桿曲率，目的是要形成線接觸而不是點(diǎn)接觸。然而蝸桿蝸輪傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)中存在齒間有較大滑移速度的缺點(diǎn)，正像交錯(cuò)軸斜齒輪那樣。 蝸桿蝸輪機(jī)構(gòu)有單包圍和雙包圍機(jī)構(gòu)。單包圍機(jī)構(gòu)就是蝸輪包裹著蝸桿的一種機(jī)構(gòu)。當(dāng)然，如果每個(gè)構(gòu)件各自局部地包圍著對(duì)方的蝸輪機(jī)構(gòu)就是雙包圍蝸輪蝸桿機(jī)構(gòu)。著兩者之間的重要區(qū)別是，在雙包圍蝸輪組的輪齒間有面接觸，而在單包圍的蝸輪組的輪齒間有線接觸。一個(gè)裝置中的蝸桿和蝸輪正像交錯(cuò)軸斜齒輪那樣具有相同的齒向，但是其斜齒齒角的角度是極不相同的。蝸桿上的齒斜角度通常很大，而蝸輪上的則極小，因此習(xí)慣常規(guī)定蝸桿的導(dǎo)角，那就是蝸桿齒斜角的余角；也規(guī)定了蝸輪上的齒斜角，該兩角之和就等于90度的軸線交角。 9