Unit 3 Language in use現(xiàn)在完成時（一）現(xiàn)在完成時（一）1. 現(xiàn)在完成時的定義現(xiàn)在完成時的定義 現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去的某個時間已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作或曾經(jīng)做過的事情對目前造成的某種影響；現(xiàn)在完成時還可以表示到目前為止已經(jīng)完成的事情。如： I have visited the Great Wall twice, but I still want to go there. 我已經(jīng)去過長城兩次了，但我還想再去那里。 He has finished his homework.他已經(jīng)做完了他的作業(yè)。 2. 現(xiàn)在完成時的句型現(xiàn)在完成時的句型（1）肯定句：主語+have/has+動詞的過去分詞。如： Tom has already posted the photos. 湯姆已經(jīng)郵寄了照片。（2）否定句：主語+havent/hasnt+動詞的過去分詞。如： I havent finished my homework yet. 我還沒有做完家庭作業(yè)。 （3）一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+動詞的過去分詞？如： Have you called your mother? 你給你的媽媽打過電話了嗎？ 【注意】has用于第三人稱單數(shù)，have用于其他各種人稱。 3. 動詞的過去分詞的構(gòu)成動詞的過去分詞的構(gòu)成 大部分動詞的過去分詞變化形式與動詞的過去式形式相同，即大部分動詞直接在詞尾加-ed；以e結(jié)尾的動詞在詞尾加-d；以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動詞需將y改為i，再加-ed。但也有一些動詞屬于不規(guī)則動詞，其過去分詞形式需要特殊記憶。來看看下面這些動詞的過去式和過去分詞形式：seesawseen taketooktakenbewas/werebeen givegavegiveneatateeaten makemademadehavehadhad meetmetmetfindfoundfound gowentgonesendsentsent comecamecomecatchcaughtcaught do/doesdiddonefallfellfallen growgrewgrownknowknewknownrunranrunwearworewornspeakspokespoken【話題呈現(xiàn)話題呈現(xiàn)】 本模塊的話題是個人的經(jīng)歷，主要談?wù)撆c旅游相關(guān)的經(jīng)歷。通過學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生能夠用現(xiàn)在完成時詢問和描述他人或自己的旅游經(jīng)歷，能在作文中正確使用一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時等多種時態(tài)。學(xué)生可以談?wù)摬煌?jīng)歷的印象，不同經(jīng)歷中的事件，不同經(jīng)歷的感覺和想法?！炯丫渌C萃佳句薈萃】What kind of competition? 哪種競賽？Itll help you improve your speaking.它有助于提高你的演講水平。But I cant afford it.但是我負擔(dān)不起。Good luck. 祝你好運。Ive stopped trying now.我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)停止嘗試了。That is a pity. 那真可惜。Have you ever thought about other kinds of competitions?你考慮過其他種類的競賽嗎？I havent travelled much.我旅行得不多。It doesnt need to be true. 它不需要是真實的。You can make it up.你可以編一個故事。He is a fifteen-year-old American boy.他是一個十五歲的美國男孩。Cairo is one of the biggest and busiest cities in Africa.開羅是非洲最大、最繁忙的城市之一。Peter usually stays in a country for about two years.彼得通常在一個國家待大約兩年。They have been to many interesting places.他們?nèi)ミ^很多名勝。This language is different from English in many ways.這種語言在很多方面和英語不同。They find it hard to spell and pronounce the words. 他們發(fā)現(xiàn)在單詞拼寫與發(fā)音上很難。So far they have learnt to speak German, French, Chinese and Arabic.到目前為止，他們已經(jīng)學(xué)會了說德語、法語、漢語和阿拉伯語。Sometimes they mix the languages.有時他們會混淆那些語言。They have friends all over the world.他們在全世界都有朋友。They are counting down the days.他們正在倒計時?！緦懽魅蝿?wù)寫作任務(wù)】 如今，旅行已經(jīng)成為人們生活中一個重要的部分，同學(xué)們也會有許多旅行的經(jīng)歷。請以“I Have Been to France”為題，參考下列圖片，寫一篇英語短文，介紹一次游覽歐洲西部（west of Europe） 法國的經(jīng)歷。 要求：1. 語言通順，行文連貫，內(nèi)容充實；2. 80詞左右（開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)）?！緦懽髦笇?dǎo)】 現(xiàn)在來完成文章的提綱和主要內(nèi)容。文章可分為三部分：Beginning法國的地理位置：It is in 1 Europe.Body旅途中的游覽經(jīng)歷：I 2 the famous Eiffel Tower and Notre Dame Cathedral.I 3 in the Avenue des Champs-Elysees.I 4 the dessert（甜點） and a little wine there. I have learnt some French before, so I could 5 . local people in French.Ending總結(jié)：It was a wonderful trip.the west ofvisitedwalkedtasted talk with 【自主創(chuàng)作】 I Have Been to France I have been to France with my parents. . I hope to go to France again.【范文展示】 I Have Been to France I have been to France with my parents. It is in the west of Europe. There are a lot of places of interest there. I visited the famous Eiffel Tower and Notre Dame Cathedral. They are fantastic. In the evening, I walked in the Avenue des Champs-Elysees, one of the most beautiful streets in France. I also tasted the dessert and a little wine there. The wine in France is world-famous and it tastes really good. I have learnt some French before, so I could talk with local people in French. It was a wonderful trip and from it Ive learnt a different culture. I hope to go to France again.