題型四短文填空題型四短文填空-2-【命題特點】短文填空主要考查考生的整體閱讀能力、語言知識的運用能力、邏輯思維能力和書面表達能力,特別是單詞和短語的拼寫能力,這是中考中一個比較難的題目?！酒祁}技巧】1.重中之重具有一定的詞匯量沒有扎實的詞匯基礎(chǔ),就不能讀懂短文大意,讀不懂大意,怎么能根據(jù)上下文來確定所缺的是個什么單詞呢?即使能判斷出某些空格缺的是什么單詞,也難以寫出正確的拼寫形式。其實學習英語的最好方法也是經(jīng)常地運用英語。所以有人將其概括為“為用而學,學了就用,在用中學”。此外,還要掌握一些構(gòu)詞法知識和進行大量的課外閱讀來擴大詞匯量。一個人英語水平高低的最終標準還是取決于這個人的詞匯量的大小。-3-2.語法支撐短文基本框架正確高效地解答好這類試題還需要扎實的語法基礎(chǔ)知識。-4-【命題特點】無提示填空特點是將一篇短文中的若干個詞抽出后,不給任何提示,完全由考生根據(jù)短文的意思,在每個空格中填上一個詞,使短文意思完整。所填的詞只要在詞義上能使短文意思順理成章,在語法邏輯上正確無誤即可。【破題技巧】(1)跳過空格,快速地閱讀全文,從整體上感知全文,掌握大意。切忌看一空填一空。(2)重視首尾句記敘文抓故事性文章的時間、地點、人物、事物。(3)復讀短文,確定語義,判斷詞形。注意名詞變復數(shù)、形容詞比較級和最高級、動詞時態(tài)、動名詞-ing形式,尤其注意一些詞性發(fā)生變化的情況,如,happyunhappy,playplayers等。-5-(4)先易后難易:固定詞組、常見句型或明顯的語法結(jié)構(gòu)難:名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞,注意聯(lián)系上下文(5)上下參照,驗證答案內(nèi)容:上、下文內(nèi)容是否協(xié)調(diào)一致、順理成章。語法:語法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確無誤。-6-【真題回訪】 (2017廣東中考)What will happen if a family is without the Internet for a month?One American family decides to find out.They have sent an invitation to a leading US television station,expecting that it will send a film group to record their day-to-day life 71 technology for a month.When the film group meet 72 Smiths,they find that Mr.Smith,Mrs.Smith and their two sons are so crazy about technology that 73 hardly do things together.At mealtimes,no one 74 at the dining table for their food.“Everyone just runs into the kitchen,takes their food and then goes back to their screen,” Mrs.Smith explains,“75 we dont make a change,our family will become strangers to each other!”-7-Getting back to the normal life without the Internet is not 76,especially when the Smiths lose themselves in it.They have to make many 77.For example,the two brothers have to go to the school 78 to borrow books for their scientific projects,and Mr.and Mrs.Smith need to go out shopping because they cannot buy things 79.As the family have picked up the new lifestyle,they find that they can spend more time talking over meals,playing sports and doing all 80 of activities together.Would they be able to go for long without using the Internet after the challenge?-8-【答題剖析】本文是一篇記敘文。一個美國家庭因網(wǎng)絡(luò)而使親人關(guān)系生疏,他們找到了電視臺的電影組來記錄他們沒有網(wǎng)絡(luò)的一個月生活。71.without文章開頭提到What will happen if a family is without the Internet for a month?一個家庭沒有網(wǎng)絡(luò)一個月會怎么樣?？赏浦獞怯涗浰麄冊跊]有網(wǎng)絡(luò)的情況下的一個月生活。故填without。72.the姓氏復數(shù)前冠詞用the表示“一家人”。故填the。73.they本句意為:他們發(fā)現(xiàn)家族的父母和兩個孩子迷戀網(wǎng)絡(luò)并且很難在一起做些事情。故填they。74.sitsno one后動詞加s,又根據(jù)空后提到dining table,故填sits。75.If此空表示假設(shè),本句意為:如果我們不做出改變,我們的家人將會變成陌生人。故填I(lǐng)f。76.easy根據(jù)前后句意,在沒網(wǎng)絡(luò)的情況下回到日常生活是不易的,尤其是史密斯家族沉迷于網(wǎng)絡(luò)。故填easy。-9-77.changes根據(jù)后文,兩兄弟和史密斯夫婦做的事情可知,他們做出了改變,同時前文提到we dont make a change,our family will become strangers to each other可推知,這里填changes,可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。78.library根據(jù)空后borrow books可推知,應該是學校圖書館。故填library。79.online根據(jù)空前they cannot再根據(jù)前文寫他們在過沒有網(wǎng)絡(luò)的生活,可推知他們無法網(wǎng)上購物。故填online。80.kindsall kinds of各種各樣的,固定用法。故填kinds。-10-(一)請用適當?shù)脑~完成下面短文,并將所缺單詞填在指定位置上,每個空只能填一個形式正確、意義相符的單詞。Harry is eighteen now.His parents like him very much and hope he can become a famous man.So they often tell him to study 71 and they do all for him.They call him at six 72 the morning,after breakfast his father takes him to school in a car and in 73 afternoon,as soon 74 the young man comes back,the supper is ready.Of course,he never washes his clothes or goes to 75 something in the shops.-11-Once Harrys father had to stay in London for half a year.Leaving,he told his wife to 76 good care of their son.The woman did all what her husband did before.And two months later she was so tired that she was ill in bed.Now the young man got into trouble.He couldnt do any housework.Yesterday Harrys mother found his shoes were worn out and told him to buy a 77 pair in the shop.But he didnt know how to choose.The woman gave him a shoe pattern(鞋樣)and told him to buy a pair of 78 himself.With a policemans help,he found a shop.The shopkeeper was friendly to him.The man brought a lot of shoes and asked 79 to choose.When he was trying on a pair,suddenly he remembered something and took them off.The man was surprised and asked.“Whats the matter,young man?”“Im sorry.Ive 80 the shoe pattern at home!”-12-【答題剖析】本文是一篇記敘文,文章講述了一個缺乏基本生活常識的男孩在商店里買鞋的故事。71.hard考查副詞。根據(jù)語境可知此處指的是“努力學習”,故填hard。72.in考查介詞。in the morning是固定結(jié)構(gòu),故填in。73.the考查冠詞。in the afternoon是固定結(jié)構(gòu),故填the。74.as考查固定搭配。as soon as意為“一旦就”,固定結(jié)構(gòu),故填as。75.buy考查動詞。根據(jù)后面in the shops可知此處指的是“買東西”,故填buy。76.take考查動詞。take care of意為“照顧”,固定結(jié)構(gòu),故填take。77.new考查形容詞。根據(jù)前面句子his shoes were worn out可知此處指的是“買一雙新鞋”,故填new。-13-78.shoes考查名詞。根據(jù)前面提到的鞋穿壞了,要他去商店買一雙,可知此處指的是“鞋”,故填shoes。79.him考查代詞。根據(jù)語境可知此處代替的是Harry,故填him。80.left考查動詞。根據(jù)語境可知此處指的是“把鞋樣落在家了”,后面有地點“at home”只能用left,不能用forgot。-14-(二)請用適當?shù)脑~完成下面短文,并將所缺單詞填在指定位置上,每個空只能填一個形式正確、意義相符的單詞。This is the simple village people of Malaysia.When the train passed their homes they waved and smiled to complete strangers and cheer them up.I had always traveled to Malaysia by plane or car,so this was the first time I was on a 71.I looked about the train.There was not one familiar face.I signed and sat down to 72 my magazines.It was not long 73 the train was in Malaysia.As we went beyond the city,I watched the straight rows of trees and miles and miles of green.Then 74 first village came into sight.Immediately I came alive;I decided to wave back.-15-From then on my journey became interesting.I threw my 75 into the waste basket and decided to join in Malaysian life.Then everything came alive.The mountains seemed to speak to me.I stared at everything as if I was 76 at it for the first time.The day passed fast and I even forgot to have my lunch until I felt 77.I looked at my watch and was surprised that it was 3:00 pm.Soon the train 78 at the station.I looked at the people all around me.They all looked beautiful.When my uncle met me 79 a smile,I gave him a warm hug.I had 80 done this before.He seemed surprised at my first hug and then his face warmed up with a huge smile.I looked forward to the return journey.-16-【答題剖析】本文是一篇記敘文,文章講述了馬來西亞村莊里的人向火車上的乘客揮手微笑,這把乘火車給作者帶來的沉悶一掃而光。71.train考查名詞。根據(jù)后面句子I looked about the train可知,故填train。72.read考查動詞。根據(jù)前面提到作者感到沉悶可知此處指的是“作者讀雜志以解悶”,故填read。73.before考查介詞。根據(jù)語境可知此處指的是“不久以后”,故填before。74.the考查冠詞。序數(shù)詞要加定冠詞,故填the。75.magazines考查名詞。根據(jù)前面作者讀雜志可知此處指的是作者把雜志扔進垃圾籃,故填magazines。76.looking考查動詞。根據(jù)語境可知指的是好像作者第一次看它,由前面was可知是進行時態(tài),故填looking。-17-77.hungry考查形容詞。根據(jù)前面句子I even forgot to have my lunch可知,故填hungry。78.arrived考查動詞。根據(jù)后面作者的叔叔來接他可知此處指的是“火車到達車站”,故填arrived。79.with考查介詞。根據(jù)語境可知此處指的是“笑著來接我”,此處表示伴隨,故填with。80.never考查副詞。根據(jù)后面句子He seemed surprised at my first hug可知,故填never。