2019-2020年高考英語 5年高考3年模擬 專題十五 完形填空（浙江專版）【備考策略】一、 完形填空的題型特點(diǎn)近幾年來的完形填空題，有以下幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)：1. 短文難度基本穩(wěn)定，與高中英語教材課文難易基本相當(dāng)。2. 短文選材一般為故事性文章，極少采用其他題材的文章。但往往不按時(shí)間順序平鋪直敘，有插敘或倒敘，有時(shí)還夾有描述和議論。3. 短文的第一句不設(shè)空格，提供給考生一個(gè)思路，以便考生做題。4. 考查內(nèi)容主要是邏輯上的通順，極少是考語法，所以每題四個(gè)選項(xiàng)大多屬同一語法范疇。5. 短文長度基本穩(wěn)定，一般在250300個(gè)單詞左右。二、完形填空選項(xiàng)設(shè)置的幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)1. 同義、近義詞辨析型。多傾向考查動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞。(平時(shí)要多把這幾類詞性的詞歸納記憶)2. 固定搭配型。多傾向考查動(dòng)詞和介詞或副詞、名詞和介詞、形容詞和介詞，典型句子結(jié)構(gòu)的搭配。3. 常用語法。 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)、從句連詞。4. 根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系確定選項(xiàng)型三、 完形填空的解題步驟時(shí)間分配：1)通讀全文，領(lǐng)會(huì)大意(2-3分鐘);2)逐句閱讀，選出答案 (6-7分鐘);3)猜測(cè)難點(diǎn)、整體復(fù)查(2-3分鐘)。1. 跳過空格、通讀全文、把握大意。先跳過空格，通讀試題所給的要完形填空的短文，獲得整體印象，做到弄清文脈、抓住主旨，較好地把握短文大意。要在閱讀理解短文意思的基礎(chǔ)上才開始判定選擇，切忌倉促下筆。2. 結(jié)合選項(xiàng)、綜合考慮、初定答案。在理解全文意思的基礎(chǔ)上，再結(jié)合所給備選項(xiàng)細(xì)讀全文，聯(lián)系上、下文內(nèi)容，注意從上、下文的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞語搭配及從選擇項(xiàng)中尋找解題的提示，以詞、句的意義為先，再從分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)入手，根據(jù)短文意思、語法規(guī)則、詞語固定搭配等進(jìn)行綜合考慮，對(duì)備選項(xiàng)逐一進(jìn)行分析、比較和篩選，排除干擾項(xiàng)、初步選定答案。3. 瞻前顧后、先易后難、各個(gè)擊破。動(dòng)筆時(shí)要瞻前顧后、通篇考慮、先易后難。對(duì)比較明顯直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做，一下子不能確定答案的，先跳過這一空格，繼續(xù)往下做，最后回過頭來再集中精力解決難點(diǎn)。這時(shí)可結(jié)合已確定答案的選項(xiàng)再讀一遍短文，隨著對(duì)短文理解的深入，可以降低試題的難度，提高選擇的正確率。4. 復(fù)讀全文、逐空驗(yàn)證、彌補(bǔ)疏漏。完成各道題選擇后，把所選的答案代入原文，再把全文通讀一篇，逐空認(rèn)真復(fù)查。看所選定的答案是否使短文意思前后連貫、順理成章，語法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確，是否符合習(xí)慣表達(dá)法。如發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤答案或有疑問的，應(yīng)再次推敲、反復(fù)斟酌、做出修正。四、做完形填空選擇題時(shí)應(yīng)注意如下幾點(diǎn)：1. 完形填空的短文通常沒有標(biāo)題，且文章的首句和尾句一般不設(shè)空，要特別注重對(duì)首、尾句的理解，因?yàn)樗鼈兺崾净螯c(diǎn)明文章的主題，對(duì)理解全文有較大幫助。2. 第一遍通讀帶有空缺單詞的短文時(shí)可能一時(shí)把握不住短文內(nèi)容，弄不清頭緒，這是很正常的。此時(shí)要注意克服畏難情緒和急躁心理，應(yīng)穩(wěn)定情緒，再將短文讀一、二遍，直到明確大意為止。3. 做題時(shí)切勿一看到一個(gè)空格就急著選出一個(gè)答案，這樣往往只見樹木不見森林。由于缺乏全局觀念，極易導(dǎo)致連續(xù)選錯(cuò)。因?yàn)橥晷翁羁詹煌趩蝹€(gè)句子的選詞填空，其空白處是位于一篇文章之中，因此必須縱觀全文、通篇考慮。4. 每篇完形填空所設(shè)的空多以實(shí)詞為主，所提供的四個(gè)備選項(xiàng)中只有一個(gè)是正確的，其它三項(xiàng)均為干擾項(xiàng)。而干擾項(xiàng)也多半與前、后的句子或詞組可以形成某種搭配，即如單從語法角度判斷則無法確定，還必須從語篇意義上加以鑒別。5. 動(dòng)筆時(shí)先易后難，先完成容易、有把握的答案，這樣可以增強(qiáng)自信心，然后再集中精力解決難點(diǎn)。對(duì)于實(shí)在無法確定的，可以從文中同樣結(jié)構(gòu)或類似結(jié)構(gòu)中尋找提示，大膽地作出猜測(cè)。 在不能確定答案的情況下，要憑語感和第一感覺。一經(jīng)確定的答案不要輕易改動(dòng)。6. 結(jié)合生活常識(shí)和中西方文化及上下文選出最佳答案。五、突破完形的注意事項(xiàng)1. 近可能多地積累和接觸不同的新詞匯，并有意識(shí)地記憶常考高頻詞。2. 提高閱讀速度，訓(xùn)練快速閱讀。最好以同桌或小組的形式訓(xùn)練。3. 訓(xùn)練題型不要過于單一，除了常規(guī)訓(xùn)練外，可以嘗試選詞填空、無詞猜詞和篇章翻譯等題型的訓(xùn)練。4. 選擇性做題，可以分類選擇。記敘文、議論文、說明文等有代表性的做幾篇，或選擇做近幾年的高考真題。5. 要有規(guī)律地做題，題不在多而在精。每做一篇都要善于對(duì)比自己的思路和文章作者的思路，每做一篇都要總結(jié)自己失分的原因，并在下次做題時(shí)提醒自己不要再犯考點(diǎn)解析完形填空的文章多選自英文報(bào)刊、雜志或網(wǎng)站，選材多為貼近日常生活，具有一定故事情境和情感教育意義的短文。 體裁常為夾敘夾議，由敘及議，前面大部分常采用第一人稱敘述某件生活小事，最后一部分上升為議論，從生活中的小事得到的心靈感悟以及對(duì)人生態(tài)度的啟迪。 中西方文化、語言背景的不同造成了邏輯思維方面的差異，這就要求學(xué)生帶著“跨文化意識(shí)”去理解文章的遣詞造句、行文布局、上下文語境，并結(jié)合自己的親身經(jīng)歷或想象與文中作者共鳴。 考點(diǎn)一、情境知識(shí)考查【例1】The word “spaghetti” brought back the _36._memory_of an evening at Uncle Alien s in Belleville _37._when_all of us were seated around the table and Aunt Pat _38_ spaghetti for supper. 38. A. cooked B. served C. got D. made 【答案及解析】B生活常識(shí)情境：當(dāng)大伙圍在餐桌邊坐好時(shí)(all of us were seated around the table)，主人應(yīng)該是端上準(zhǔn)備好的佳肴供客人享用，而不是cooked 或者 made食物，所以排除A、D。 【例2】What laughing _42._arguments_ we had about the _43_ respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth. 43. A. nearly B. naturally C. officially D. socially 【答案和解析】D文化背景情境：此題考查了學(xué)生對(duì)餐桌禮儀文化的理解。在自己家里或沒有外人在場(chǎng)的情況下可以用任意的吃相吃spaghetti，但是若想以一種respectable 方式把長長的意大利面從盤里搬到嘴里，那是社交場(chǎng)合下一種約定俗成的要求。故socially更符合題意。 教學(xué)建議：為幫助學(xué)生更好地理解這種餐桌文化，可觀看影片Titanic中，Jack剛進(jìn)入上流社會(huì)宴會(huì)， 和Rose 的母親在同一餐桌吃飯時(shí)，倆人不同的吃相以及舉止的巨大反差。【例3】He had a habit of telling _45._jokes_. One time he said, “Doc, a deafanddumb(聾啞)man _46._needed_ some nails. Having entered a store, he put two fingers together on the counter and made _47_ movements with the other hand. The clerk brought him a hammer. He _48_his head and pointed to the two fingers he was hammering. The clerk _49._brought_him some nails. He picked out the right size and left.” 47. A. cutting B. hammering C. waving D. circling48. A. nodded B. raised C. shook D. turned 【答案及解析】47. B生活常識(shí)情境：一個(gè)聾啞人想買釘子，用一只手的兩個(gè)指頭做釘子，另一只手當(dāng)然做敲錘動(dòng)作了。 48. C生活常識(shí)情境：當(dāng)?shù)陠T以為他想買錘子，而給他拿了錘子時(shí)，聾啞人當(dāng)然要搖頭了。教學(xué)建議：這種情境，可鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生以情景劇的形式把它表演出來，使學(xué)生對(duì)該語句的理解有個(gè)直觀的感受。【例4】After an absence of thirty years, I decided to visit my old school againI wondered for a moment if I had e to the right 3._address.I was pleased to find that it was 4._break time and that the children were all in the playground. This would enable me to _5_ some members of staff. 5. A. remember B. know C. meet D. recognize 【答案及解析】B情感經(jīng)歷共鳴：文中作者闊別母校30年，重返母校時(shí)因歲月變遷之大而懷疑自己是否找對(duì)地址了。碰巧是課間休息時(shí)間，這使得他有機(jī)會(huì)去認(rèn)識(shí)教職員工，故而選know。不選remember和recognize是因?yàn)?0年的滄桑變故，他在母校幾乎不大可能認(rèn)出誰或記得誰，而meet一般是約好的碰面。教學(xué)建議：這種情感經(jīng)歷可與賀知章的回鄉(xiāng)偶書中“少小離家老大回”的作者相關(guān)聯(lián)。Returning Home I left home young and not till old do I return， Speaking as then, but with hair grown thin and gray， The children dont know me, whom I meet on the way， “Where do you e from, reverend sir？” they smile and say. 綜上所述，學(xué)生閱讀過程中應(yīng)該根據(jù)上下文，瞻前顧后地尋找相鄰信息詞句，共同組建文境，并激活大腦進(jìn)行聯(lián)想，使類似于上述情境在大腦空間中以各種方式視覺化(Visualize)，情境化(Situationize)，圖像化(Picturize )?？键c(diǎn)二、語言知識(shí)考查語言知識(shí)的考查往往從詞組搭配、詞義辨析、語法結(jié)構(gòu)及邏輯過渡詞語等幾個(gè)方面設(shè)題，旨在讓學(xué)生日常學(xué)習(xí)中注重語言用法積累以便能在不同語境中正確地運(yùn)用它們。一、詞組搭配詞組搭配在語言知識(shí)考查中所占的比重最大。歷年高考完形填空選項(xiàng)中至少會(huì)出現(xiàn)兩道詞組題目。詞組一般以以下幾種形式出現(xiàn)：1以簡單動(dòng)詞為中心介詞/副詞構(gòu)成的詞組辨析【例1】Police reports are full of _35._accidents_ that occur when people fall into sleep and go _36_the road.(xx全國卷) 36. A. up B. off C. along D. down【答案和解析】B根據(jù)上文，此空需要“偏離道路”這一含義，故用go off the road。2. 以簡單動(dòng)詞介詞為中心構(gòu)成的詞組辨析【例2】， so I decided to _47_on learning the game, do my best at each practice session, and not be too hard on myself for the things I didnt _48._know_ “just yet”. (xx北京卷) 47. A. focus B. act C. rely D. try【答案和解析】A雖然四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都可與on構(gòu)成搭配，但根據(jù)下文do my best at each practice session可知作者下定決心學(xué)好籃球，把精力都集中在學(xué)習(xí)籃球上。 focus on 集中精力/注意力于3. 由介詞簡單名詞構(gòu)成的名詞詞組【例3】I watched as you faced the _25._changes_of pleting your studies, starting panies with Dad，while still being a _26._model_ and a Mom of five kids. I was exhausted just watching you _27_.(xx天津卷) 27. A. in danger B. in action C. in trouble D. in charge【答案和解析】B根據(jù)上文語境信息，此句意思應(yīng)為：光看著你不停忙碌就讓我很累。in action 在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中；in danger 處于危險(xiǎn)中。in trouble 處于麻煩中； in charge負(fù)責(zé)，掌管。4. 由動(dòng)詞名詞構(gòu)成的詞組【例4】 Now Maja was ready to keep her _48_. (xx湖北卷) 48. A. appointment B. promise C. record D. habit【答案和解析】B根據(jù)上下文語境，可得知此句含義為：如今，Maja該兌現(xiàn)諾言了。故選keep ones promise這個(gè)詞組。二、詞義辨析詞義辨析主要體現(xiàn)于四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為名詞、形容詞或副詞等。它們?cè)谕晷翁羁?0道題中常各占一道或兩道題。1. 名詞辨析【例1】 There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere. We can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the _21_ home from work in the evenings. 21. A. way B. track C. path D. road【答案和解析】A根據(jù)上文可知，在下班回家的路上人們因工作勞累而在公交車、火車上睡著，故此處因?yàn)椋簅n the way home from work。 2. 形容詞辨析【例2】 We were thrown into the water, and Dad was struggling aimlessly. At that moment, I felt fiercely _52_ of him. I swam to Dad _53._quickly_ and assisted him in climbing onto the hull(船殼) of the boat. 52. A. ashamed B. protective C. tired D. afraid【答案和解析】B根據(jù)上下文中的“struggling aimlessly”， “assisted him”可知我要保護(hù)他。 3. 副詞辨析【例3】 I led Tony away _47_， saying that the drum was too expensive. (xx遼寧卷) 47. A. happily B . eagerly C. cautiously D. quickly【答案和解析】D句意：我邊快速地把Tony帶走，邊說著禮物很貴這樣的話。quickly可以反映作者的焦慮以及對(duì)即將發(fā)生的事情的一種鋪墊。三、語法結(jié)構(gòu)近幾年的完形填空題逐漸淡化語法概念，所以語法題所占比重不多。但是非謂語動(dòng)詞的考查很常見，偶爾也會(huì)考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法，其他語法板塊內(nèi)容涉及很少。1非謂語動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu) 非謂語動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)的考查還是立足于它們?cè)诰渥又谐洚?dāng)?shù)木浞üδ埽缧枰钊胍粋€(gè)非謂語動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)作定語、狀語、賓語補(bǔ)足語等句子成分，旨在考查學(xué)生的句子分析能力?！纠?】 We can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train Or he will fall asleep on the shoulder of the stranger _25_ next to himThe worst time to fall asleep is when _34_. (xx全國卷) 25. A. lying B. waiting C. talking D. sitting 34. A. thinking B. working C. walking D. driving【答案和解析】25. D上文中的信息on the bus or train說明：可能會(huì)靠在坐在旁邊的陌生人的肩膀上睡著。本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞中現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。 34. D此處強(qiáng)調(diào)最糟的就是開車時(shí)打盹。D 為最佳選項(xiàng)。本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞中連詞現(xiàn)在分詞這一狀語結(jié)構(gòu)。2情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的考查常結(jié)合完形填空篇章上下文背景信息?！纠?】 There are also styles to remind me of Muma tiny chair which _37_be in her bedroom is set in one room. (xx四川卷) 37. A. ought to B. used to C. might D. could【答案和解析】B根據(jù)句意：一把過去曾經(jīng)在母親臥室里擺放的小椅子被安放到了其中一個(gè)房間。used to 表過去常常 四、邏輯過渡詞語上下文之間表轉(zhuǎn)折、遞進(jìn)、因果等關(guān)系的過渡詞語選擇也一般會(huì)占一道題量。這就要求學(xué)生平時(shí)要關(guān)注句與句、段與段之間邏輯銜接。【例1】_52_，the boy of our story was a pretty smart guy, even if he couldnt always get what he wanted. (xx江蘇卷) 52. A. Therefore B. However C. Moreover D. Otherwise【答案及解析】B考查上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。從下文even if來判斷，該句的邏輯應(yīng)該是：即使然而 考點(diǎn)三、換位思考 挖空設(shè)題在閱讀英文文章過程中，考生應(yīng)帶著完形填空的意識(shí)去審視一篇文章的遣詞造句，換位到試卷角度，對(duì)一篇文章能從文化背景知識(shí)，生活常識(shí)，情感經(jīng)歷共鳴，上下文語境等情境方面設(shè)題，或者從詞組搭配，詞義辨析，語法結(jié)構(gòu)或邏輯過渡詞語等語言知識(shí)角度設(shè)題。這種思維方式的不斷演練能提高考生對(duì)完形填空上述設(shè)題角度的敏感性，從而提高解答完形題空的題感和更好理解篇章的語感。因此碰到符合完形填空題材和體裁特點(diǎn)的好文章，至少要按以下步驟閱讀三遍。 步驟一：通讀全文，領(lǐng)會(huì)大意； 步驟二：細(xì)讀全文，挖詞設(shè)空； 步驟三：回讀全文，推敲詞句。 【例1】I played a racquetball(短柄墻球) game against my cousin Ed last week. It was one of the most surprising and _1._tiring_ games Ive ever had. When Ed first phoned and suggested we play, I laughed quietly, figuring on an _2._easy_ victory. After all, Eds idea of exercise has always been nothing more effortmaking than lifting a fork to his mouth. As long as I can remember, Eds been the _3._least_ physically fit member in the family. and strangely proud of himself. His big stomach has always _4._ballooned_out_ between his Tshirt and trousers. Although the family often joked about that, hed refused to buy a larger Tshirt or to lose weight. So when Ed arrived for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt _5._gathered_ inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could _6._hardly_notice. I was so surprised that I was speechless. My cousin must have made an effort to get himself into _7._shape_. As a result, at the point in our game when Id have predicted(預(yù)計(jì)) the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor, it was instead7 to 9 and Ed was _8._leading_. The sudden realization was painful. We continued to play like two mad men. When the score was 16 up, I was having serious doubts about staying alive until 21 years old. Let alone scoring that many points. When the game finally ended, both of us were lying _9._flat_on our backs, too tired to move. _10._In_a_way_， I think we both won: I won the game, but cousin Ed won my respect. 【設(shè)空解析】設(shè)空1：該詞要依據(jù)后文信息方能做出判斷，這次比賽很讓人精疲力竭。可設(shè)置成以ing結(jié)尾的形容詞辨析題。 設(shè)空2：該詞和空1有關(guān)聯(lián)。預(yù)計(jì)中輕而易舉能獲勝的比賽結(jié)果卻出乎意料。 設(shè)空3：該詞這種用法搭配比較靈活。這種修飾性詞匯考查也是完形填空常設(shè)置的一種題型。 設(shè)空4：該詞非常有生活情境關(guān)聯(lián)意義。日常生活中那些身材肥胖的人的肚子經(jīng)常像氣球那樣突出來，所以這個(gè)考題設(shè)置將會(huì)非常貼近生活。設(shè)空5：該詞也能再現(xiàn)一個(gè)非常形象的生活情境。把衣服下擺塞進(jìn)褲子里面用gathered，很生動(dòng)。 設(shè)空6：該詞和前文信息形成很大的反差。這次見面，Ed可能因減肥成功，他的肚子幾乎都讓人注意不到了，而不是像先前那樣如氣球般突出來而引人注目。這里可設(shè)置一道副詞辨析題，完形填空中副詞辨析的題目一般都會(huì)有一道。 設(shè)空7：該詞也包含了一定的生活情境信息。減肥成功了，體型恢復(fù)?？稍O(shè)置一道名詞辨析題，與shape相區(qū)別。設(shè)空8：該詞是一道體育常識(shí)題。從比分上看，Ed竟然領(lǐng)先于我了，leading在體育比賽很常用。所以可設(shè)置成一道動(dòng)詞辨析題。 設(shè)空9：該詞也是一道生活常識(shí)題。比賽結(jié)束，雙方都精疲力竭而平躺在地上不想動(dòng)彈?？稍O(shè)置成一道形容詞辨析題。設(shè)空10：way的短語很多。所以此題可挖空設(shè)成一道考查way的不同短語的用法辨析題。 五年高考 A組 xx年全國高考題組1.【xx浙江卷】閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從第2140 各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C 和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卷上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。 " Just sign here, sir," the deliveryman said as he handed Oscar Reyna a package. The package consisted of a long , narrow box _21_ wrapped in brown paper. _22_ the box , Oscar saw an umbrella inside a very old one with a beautifully carved handle. _23_He had not seen it in more than 20 years , he recognized it _24_. Oscar was 16 when he first saw the _25_ umbrella. He had gone to a concert with his grandparents. As they were leaving , he noticed an umbrella on an empty seat. Impressed by its _26_, Oscar felt a strong desire to find its _27_. Oscar _28_ the manager to look in the record of advance ticket sales. Just as he thought, a name matched the seat _29_ Oscar had found the umbrella . The name was Mrs. Katie Obrien. Oscar talked his grandparents into going by Mrs Obriens _30_ on their way home. He rang the bell , the door opened, and an elderly woman appeared. "May I _31_ you ? "she asked. "Id like to return it if its yours," Oscar said , _32_ the umbrella as if presenting a _33_ that had long been wished for. "Why , yes! its mine, "replied Mrs. Brien with a _34_ smile and shining eyes. " It was given to by my father years ago. Thank you so much for returning it. May I offer you a reward for your _35_ ? " " No, maam , " he said " my grandmother says a good deed is its own reward." " Well, that s _36_ my father used to say. What is your name , Young man ?" Years later, Oscar was staring at the finely carved handle of the umbrella as he remember Mrs. O Brien . It was in perfect condition, considering how_37_ it was. Why had it arrived here today? As if _38_, a note fell from the paper. It read: Mrs Obrien wanted you to _39_ this umbrella as a present for a kind, _40_gesture long ago.21. A. strictly B. carefully C. roughly D. casually 22, A, opening B, seizing C, observing D, searching 23, A, After B, When C, Since D, Although 24, A, clearly B, fully C, immediately D, suddenly25, A, average B, unusual C, plain D, typical 26, A, beauty B, shape C, origin D, history 27, A, designer B, seller C, user D, owner 28, A, convinced B, forced C, encouraged D, advised 29, A, until B, before C, which D, where 30, A, family B, theater C, house D, neighborhood 31, A, invite B, help C, bother D, know 32, A, putting up B, turning out C, picking up D, holding out 33, A, chance B, fact C, gift D, result 34, A, wide B, confident C, proud D, shy 35, A, patience B, kindness C, courage D, determination 36, A, obviously B, naturally C, exactly D, probably 37, A, old B, rare C, precious D, nice 38, A, in contrast B, in return C, in exchange D, in answer 39, A, possess B, accept C, carry D, value 40, A, attractive B, significant C, unselfish D, sympathetic 2.【xx全國新課標(biāo)】閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A、B、 C和D中, 選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 36 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 37 than we realize. In fact, non-verbal munication(非言語交際) takes up about 50% of what we really 38 , And body language is particularly 39 when we attempt to municate across cultures（文化）. Indeed, what is called body language is so 40 a part of us that its actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 41 , different societies treat the 42 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having 43 contact(接觸)even with friends, certainly not with 44 . People from Latin American countries， 45 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, its possible that in 46 ， it may look like a Latino is 47 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 48 . The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 49 - which the Latino will in return regard as 50 _. Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 51 . And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from 52 cultures, theres a strong possibility of 53 . But whatever the situation, the best 54 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 55 _.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。作者認(rèn)為身勢(shì)語比言辭更有效，而身勢(shì)語卻常常被人們忽視。在進(jìn)行跨文化交流過程中，身勢(shì)語尤為重要。作者以拉丁美洲人和挪威人為例進(jìn)行了闡述。最后作者指出：不管什么情況，最好的建議是：對(duì)待別人像你希望被對(duì)待的那樣。（你想別人怎么對(duì)待你，你就怎樣對(duì)待別人。）36. A. straighter B. louder C. harder D. further【答案】B【解析】身勢(shì)語比語言表達(dá)的意思更響亮，更清楚。此處louder意為：聲音更大，即更有說服力。諺語Action speaks louder than words.（事實(shí)勝于雄辯。）【考點(diǎn)定位】考查副詞的比較級(jí)及語境理解。37. A. sounds B. invitations C. feelings D. messages 【答案】D【解析】據(jù)專家稱：我們的身體發(fā)出比我們意識(shí)到的更多的信息。此處sound聲音；invitation邀請(qǐng)；feeling感覺；message信息?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查名詞詞義辨析及語境理解。38. A. hope B. receive C. discover D. mean 【答案】D 【解析】實(shí)際上，非語言交際占據(jù)了約50%我們真正想表達(dá)的意思。此處hope希望；receive 接收；discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；mean表達(dá)意思?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析及語境理解。39. A. immediate B. misleading C. important D. difficult【答案】C【解析】當(dāng)我們進(jìn)行跨文化交流時(shí)，身勢(shì)語顯得尤為重要。此處immediate立刻； misleading 誤導(dǎo)的；important重要的；difficult困難的。【考點(diǎn)定位】考查形容詞詞義辨析。40. A. well B. far C. much D. long【答案】C 【解析】身勢(shì)語是被我們事實(shí)上常常忽視的很大的一部分?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查形容詞的用法。41. A. For example B. Thus C. However D. In short【答案】A【解析】文章以拉丁美洲人和挪威人為例，說明不同的社會(huì)群體對(duì)待距離的態(tài)度是不同的?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查副詞詞義。42. A. trade B. distance C. connections D. greetings 【答案】B【解析】不同的社會(huì)群體對(duì)待人們之間接觸的距離是不同的。此處trade交易； distance 距離； connection聯(lián)系；greeting問候?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查名詞詞義及語境理解。43. A. eye B. verbal C. bodily D. telephone【答案】C【解析】北歐人通常不喜歡身體的接觸，即使是朋友，當(dāng)然更不用說陌生人。此處eye 眼睛，眼神；verbal 言辭的； bodily身體的；telephone電話?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查語境理解。44. A. strangersB. relatives C. neighboursD. enemies【答案】A【解析】北歐人通常不喜歡身體的接觸，即使是朋友，當(dāng)然更不用說陌生人。此處strangers陌生人；relatives親戚；neighbours鄰居；enemies敵人。【考點(diǎn)定位】考查名詞詞義。45. A. in other words B. on the other hand C. in a similar way D. by all means【答案】B【解析】此處on the other hand意為：然而，在另一方面。然而，拉丁美洲國家的人們相互接觸的就很多?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查插入語的含義及語境理解。46. A. trouble B. conversation C. silence D. experiment【答案】B【解析】在對(duì)話過程中，拉丁人跟在挪威人滿屋子轉(zhuǎn)是可能的。此處trouble 麻煩；conversation對(duì)話； silence 沉默；experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查名詞詞義辨析。47. A. disturbing B. helping C. guiding D. following【答案】D【解析】在對(duì)話過程中，拉丁人跟在挪威人滿屋子轉(zhuǎn)（following）是可能的。此處follow意為：跟著. . .走?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查動(dòng)詞詞義及語境理解。48. A. closer B. faster C. in D. away【答案】A【解析】拉丁人保持靠近些表示友誼?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查語境理解。49. A. stepping forward B. going on C. backing away D. ing out【答案】C【解析】挪威人將不斷的后退。此處step forward前進(jìn)； go on 繼續(xù)；back away后退；e out出來。【考點(diǎn)定位】考查動(dòng)詞短語的含義及語境理解。50. A. weakness B. carelessness C. friendliness D. coldness【答案】D【解析】拉丁人反過來認(rèn)為他們很冷淡。此處weakness虛弱； carelessness粗心；friendliness 友誼；coldness冷淡?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查名詞詞義。51. A. talk B. travel C. laugh D. think【答案】A 【解析】很顯然，當(dāng)人們談話時(shí)，許多東西都在進(jìn)行。【考點(diǎn)定位】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。52. A. different B. European C. Latino D. rich【答案】A 【解析】當(dāng)我們的伙伴來自于不同的文化背景時(shí)，誤解的可能性就會(huì)很大。【考點(diǎn)定位】考查形容詞詞義。53. A. curiosity B. excitement C. misunderstanding D. nervousness【答案】C【解析】當(dāng)我們的伙伴來自于不同的文化背景時(shí)，誤解的可能性就會(huì)很大?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查名詞詞義及語境理解。54. A. chance B. time C. result D. advice【答案】D【解析】不管什么樣的情景，最好的建議是遵守這樣的黃金規(guī)則：對(duì)待別人像你希望被對(duì)待的那樣?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查名詞詞義辨析。55. A. noticed B. treated C. respected D. pleased【答案】B【解析】不管什么樣的情景，最好的建議是遵守這樣的黃金規(guī)則：對(duì)待別人像你希望被對(duì)待的那樣。（你想別人怎樣對(duì)待你，你就怎樣對(duì)待別人。）【考點(diǎn)定位】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。3.【xx全國II】閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Around twenty years ago I was living in York. 21 I had a lot of experience and a Masters degree, I could not find 22 work.I was 23 a school bus to make ends meet and 24 with a friend of mine, for I had lost my flat. I had 25 five interviews (面試) with a pany and one day between bus runs they called to say I did not 26 the job. “Why has my life bee so 27 ?” I thought painfully.As I pulled the bus over to 28 a little girl, she handed me an earring 29 I should keep it 30 somebody claimed (認(rèn)領(lǐng)) it. The earring was painted black and said “BE HAPPY”.At first I got angry. Then it 31 me I had been giving all of my 32 to what was going wrong with my 33 rather than what was right! I decided then and there to make a 34 of fifty things I was happy